5,548 research outputs found
Quantum Key Distribution with Blind Polarization Bases
We propose a new quantum key distribution scheme that uses the blind
polarization basis. In our scheme the sender and the receiver share key
information by exchanging qubits with arbitrary polarization angles without
basis reconciliation. As only random polarizations are transmitted, our
protocol is secure even when a key is embedded in a not-so-weak coherent-state
pulse. We show its security against the photon number splitting attack and the
impersonation attack.Comment: Security has been improved upon referee's comment. 4 pages and 2
figure
Resonance Patterns in a Stadium-shaped Microcavity
We investigate resonance patterns in a stadium-shaped microcavity around
, where is the refractive index, the vacuum
wavenumber, and the radius of the circular part of the cavity. We find that
the patterns of high resonances can be classified, even though the
classical dynamics of the stadium system is chaotic. The patterns of the high
resonances are consistent with the ray dynamical consideration, and appears
as the stationary lasing modes with low pumping rate in the nonlinear dynamical
model. All resonance patterns are presented in a finite range of .Comment: 8 pages, 9 figure
Directional interacting whispering gallery modes in coupled dielectric microdisks
We study the optical interaction in a coupled dielectric microdisks by
investigating the splitting of resonance positions of interacting whispering
gallery modes (WGMs) and their pattern change, depending on the distance
between the microdisks. It is shown that the interaction between the WGMs with
odd parity about y-axis becomes appreciable at a distance less than a
wavelength and causes directional emissions of the resulting interacting WGMs.
The directionality of the interacting WGMs can be understood in terms of an
effective boundary deformation in ray dynamical analysis. We also discuss about
the oscillation of the splitting when the distance is greater than a
wavelength.Comment: 7 pages, 10 figure
Pharmacological activation of FOXO3 suppresses triple-negative breast cancer in vitro and in vivo
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most lethal form of breast cancer. Lacking effective therapeutic options hinders treatment of TNBC. Here, we show that bepridil (BPD) and trifluoperazine (TFP), which are FDA-approved drugs for treatment of schizophrenia and angina respectively, inhibit Akt-pS473 phosphorylation and promote FOXO3 nuclear localization and activation in TNBC cells. BPD and TFP inhibit survival and proliferation in TNBC cells and suppress the growth of TNBC tumors, whereas silencing FOXO3 reduces the BPD- and TFP-mediated suppression of survival in TNBC cells. While BPD and TFP decrease the expression of oncogenic c-Myc, KLF5, and dopamine receptor DRD2 in TNBC cells, silencing FOXO3 diminishes BPD- and TFP-mediated repression of the expression of these proteins in TNBC cells. Since c-Myc, KLF5, and DRD2 have been suggested to increase cancer stem cell-like populations in various tumors, reducing these proteins in response to BPD and TFP suggests a novel FOXO3-dependent mechanism underlying BPD- and TFP-induced apoptosis in TNBC cells
Synchronization of Chaotic Oscillators due to Common Delay Time Modulation
We have found a synchronization behavior between two identical chaotic
systems^M when their delay times are modulated by a common irregular signal. ^M
This phenomenon is demonstrated both in two identical chaotic maps whose
delay times are driven by a common^M chaotic or random signal and in two
identical chaotic oscillators whose delay times are driven by^M a signal of
another chaotic oscillator. We analyze the phenomenon by using^M the Lyapunov
exponents and discuss it in relation with generalized synchronization.^MComment: 5 pages, 4 figures (to be published in PRE
The Effect of Third Party Investigation on Pay-Per-Click Advertising
Click fraud is a critical problem in pay-per-click advertising. While both service providers (SPs) and advertisers employ technologies to identify fraudulent clicks, prior work shows that they cannot be induced to make further improvements to their respective technologies. We consider the use of third-party investigation to address this problem and examine whether the responsibility of investigation payments helps induce both parties to work towards improving their technologies unilaterally. Using a principal-agent setting, we show that the advertiser always has incentives to improve his verification technology and the SP will improve his detection technology only when the detection cost is not too large. Given that the cost of detection technology is likely to be small due to the use of inexpensive online filters, our result suggests that third-party investigation helps induce further enhancements to the technologies and is a good mechanism to address the incentive problems in the click fraud setting
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In vivo evaluation of edge-loading in metal-on-metal hip resurfacing patients with pseudotumours
Objectives: Pseudotumours (abnormal peri-prosthetic soft-tissue reactions) following metal-on-metal hip resurfacing arthroplasty (MoMHRA) have been associated with elevated metal ion levels, suggesting that excessive wear may occur due to edge-loading of these MoM implants. This study aimed to quantify in vivo edge-loading in MoMHRA patients with and without pseudotumours during functional activities. Methods: The duration and magnitude of edge-loading in vivo was quantified during functional activities by combining the dynamic hip joint segment contact force calculated from the three-dimensional (3D) motion analysis system with the 3D reconstruction of orientation of the acetabular component and each patient’s specific hip joint centre, based on CT scans. Results: Edge-loading in the hips with pseudotumours occurred with a four-fold increase in duration and magnitude of force compared with the hips without pseudotumours (p = 0.02). Conclusions: The study provides the first in vivo evidence to support that edge-loading is an important mechanism that leads to localised excessive wear (edge-wear), with subsequent elevation of metal ion levels in MoMHRA patients with pseudotumours
NEW MEMBERS OF THE PERTUSARIALES (ASCOMYCOTA) PROVED BY COMBINED PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS
New genus Marfl oraea for the “Variolaria” amara-group as well as new members of the genera Dibaeis and Ochrolechia proved by results of the combined phylogenetic analysis based on
nuclear ITS1/ITS2 portion of ribosomal nrDNA and 12S SSU mtDNA sequences are described and compared with closely related taxa. Fift een new combinations are proposed, i.e. Dibaeis yurii,
Marfl oraea albescens, M. amara, M. aspergilla, M. corallina, M. corallophora, M. erythrella, M. excludens, M. mammosa, M. ophthalmiza, M. panyrga, M. pulvinata, M. scaberula, M. subventosa and Ochrolechia dactylina. Dibaeis yurii is recorded for the fi rst time from South Korea
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