AC field induced quantum rectification effect in tunnel junctions

We study the appearance of directed current in tunnel junctions, quantum ratchet effect, in the presence of an external ac field f(t). The current is established in a one-dimensional discrete inhomogeneous "tight-binding model". By making use of a symmetry analysis we predict the right choice of f(t) and obtain the directed current as a difference between electron transmission coefficients in opposite directions, $\Delta T = T^{LR}-T^{RL}$. Numerical simulations confirm the predictions of the symmetry analysis and moreover, show that the directed current can be drastically increased by a proper choice of frequency and amplitudes of the ac field f(t).Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Physical Review

Multi-field approach in mechanics of structural solids

We overview the basic concepts, models, and methods related to the multi-field continuum theory of solids with complex structures. The multi-field theory is formulated for structural solids by introducing a macrocell consisting of several primitive cells and, accordingly, by increasing the number of vector fields describing the response of the body to external factors. Using this approach, we obtain several continuum models and explore their essential properties by comparison with the original structural models. Static and dynamical problems as well as the stability problems for structural solids are considered. We demonstrate that the multi-field approach gives a way to obtain families of models that generalize classical ones and are valid not only for long-, but also for short-wavelength deformations of the structural solid. Some examples of application of the multi-field theory and directions for its further development are also discussed.Comment: 25 pages, 18 figure

Incommensurate dynamics of resonant breathers in Josephson junction ladders

We present theoretical and experimental studies of resonant localized resistive states in a Josephson junction ladder. These complex breather states are obtained by tuning the breather frequency into the upper band of linear electromagnetic oscillations of the ladder. Their prominent feature is the appearance of resonant steps in the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics. We have found the resonant breather-like states displaying incommensurate dynamics. Numerical simulations show that these incommensurate resonant breathers persist for very low values of damping. Qualitatively similar incommensurate breather states are observed in experiments performed with Nb-based Josephson ladders. We explain the appearance of these states with the help of resonance-induced hysteresis features in the I-V dependence.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure

Wave scattering by discrete breathers

We present a theoretical study of linear wave scattering in one-dimensional nonlinear lattices by intrinsic spatially localized dynamic excitations or discrete breathers. These states appear in various nonlinear systems and present a time-periodic localized scattering potential for plane waves. We consider the case of elastic one-channel scattering, when the frequencies of incoming and transmitted waves coincide, but the breather provides with additional spatially localized ac channels whose presence may lead to various interference patterns. The dependence of the transmission coefficient on the wave number q and the breather frequency Omega_b is studied for different types of breathers: acoustic and optical breathers, and rotobreathers. We identify several typical scattering setups where the internal time dependence of the breather is of crucial importance for the observed transmission properties.Comment: 17 pages, 19 figures, submitted to CHAOS (Focus Issue

On Protostellar Disks in Herbig Ae/Be Stars

The spectral shape of IR emission from Herbig Ae/Be stars has been invoked as evidence for accretion disks around high-mass protostars. Instead, we present here models based on spherical envelopes with $r^{-1.5}$ dust density profile that successfully explain the observed spectral shapes. The spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of eight primary candidates for protostellar disks are fitted in detail for all wavelengths available, from visual to far IR. The only envelope property adjusted in individual sources is the overall visual optical depth, and it ranges from 0.3 to 3. In each case, our models properly reproduce the data for both IR excess, visual extinction and reddening. The success of our models shows that accretion disks cannot make a significant contribution to the radiation observed in these pre-main sequence stars.Comment: 10 pages, 2 Postscript figures (included), uses aaspp4.sty. To appear in Astrophysical Journal Letter

Development of the RF Ion Sources for Focused Ion Beam Accelerators

The paper presents the results of investigations of ion sources developed in the IAP of NAS of Ukraine for generation of high brightness ion beams with small energy spread. A series of RF ion sources operated at the frequency of 27.12 MHz were studied: the inductive RF ion source, the helicon ion source, the multi-cusp RF ion source, and the sputter type RF source of metal ions. A global model and transformer model were applied for calculation of RF source plasma parameters. Ion energy spread, ion mass, and ion current density of some sources were measured in the wide range of RF power, extraction voltage and gas pres-sure. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3555