Magnetic Nanoparticles for Plasmid DNA Adsorption via Hydrophobic Interaction

This study aims the preparation of magnetic poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate-N-methacryloyl-Lphenylalanine), [poly(HEMA-MAPA)] nanoparticles for plasmid DNA separation on the basis of hydrophobic interactions. Magnetic nanoparticles will be produced emulsion polymerization of 2- hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) and N-methacryloyl-L-phenylalanine (MAPA) monomers. Nanosized particles including hydrophobic groups stemmed from polymerizable derivative of phenylalanine aminoacid were evaluated to offer surface area that is enough for the higher capacity DNA purification than commercial micronsized sorbents for DNA purification. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3494

Characterisation and prevention of exacerbations in frequently exacerbating patienst with COPD

__Abstract__ Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease which is characterised by airway inflammation and progressive airflow limitation with poor reversibility. Periods of acute deterioration lie in the natural course of the disease and are called exacerbations. In literature, there are different definitions for an acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD). A symptom reported AECOPD is defined solely based on a patient’s symptoms.1 This is regardless of whether the patient seeks medical attention or receives treatment for the exacerbation. An event defined AECOPD requires a therapeutic intervention such as a change in COPD medications or a change in healthcare utilization. Generally accepted is the definition as in the guidelines of the World Health Organization, US National Heart Lung and Blood Institute and Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), which define an exacerbation as “an event in the natural course of the disease characterised by a change in the patient’s baseline dyspnoea, cough, and/ or sputum that is beyond normal day-to-day variations, is acute in onset and may warrant a change in regular medication in a patient with COPD”. Frequent exacerbations result in a decreased health related quality of life, a decline in lung function, an increased risk of hospitalization, and an increase in mortality. COPD and acute exacerbations of COPD impose a burden on health care and society. It is estimated that COPD is the 4th leading cause of death worldwide and will be the 3rd leading cause of death in 2030. Along with increasing mortality rates the loss in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) will also rise. By 2030 COPD is predicted to be the 5th leading cause of loss in DALYs globally, where it was only number 13 in 2004. Increasing health care costs will be the consequence of this trend. In the European Union COPD accounts for just over 3% of the total health care budget. In the USA, the direct and indirect costs for COPD are almost 50 billion USD. The majority of these costs are attributed to exacerbations. The importance of exacerbations is reflected in the latest update of the GOLD report, in which the number of exacerbations in the preceding year is incorporated in the new classification of a patient with COPD. In order to try reduce mortality rates, loss in DALYs, and related costs to lower the burden on society and health care, it is a goal to prevent and treat COPD and exacerbations of COPD. This chapter will give a concise overview of the background of AECOPD and the available tools for its treatment and prevention

Mercury chloride-induced oxidative stress in human erythrocytes and the effect of vitamins C and E in vitro

Mercury can exist in the environment as metal, as monovalent and divalent salts and as organomercurials, one of the most important of which is mercuric chloride (HgCl2). It has been shown to induce oxidative stress in erythrocytes through the generation of free radicals and alteration of thecellular antioxidant defense system. The effect of simultaneous pretreatment with vitamins C and E on the toxicity of HgCl2 in human erythrocytes was evaluated. We examined the effect of several differentdoses of HgCl2 (1.052, 5.262, 10.524 M), or HgCl2 in combination with vitamin C (VC; 10 M) and vitamin E (VE; 30 M), on the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities in human erythrocytes in vitro. Erythrocytes were incubated under various treatment conditions (HgCl2 alone, vitamins alone, or HgCl2 plus vitamin) at 37°C for 60 min and the levels of MDA and SOD, CAT and GPx activities, were determined. Treatment with HgCl2 alone increased the levels of MDA and decreased SOD, CAT and GPx activities in erythrocytes (P < 0.05). VC and VE-pretreated erythrocytes showed a significant protection aganist thecytotoxic effects induced by HgCl2 on the studied parameters. There were no statistical differences among VC+VE-treated erythrocytes, as compared to non-treated control cells. These results indicated that the presence of vitamins at concentrations that are similar to the levels found in plasma could be able to ameliorate HgCl2-induced oxidative stress by decreasing lipid peroxidation and altering antioxidant defense system in erythrocytes

The viscosity and thrombocytic-aggregation disorders in patients, suffering myocardial infarction with the ST segment elevation

Objective. Analysis of changes in viscosity and disorders of the thrombocytes-aggregation process under impact of various tactical, diagnostic and intervention approaches in patients, suffering myocardial infarction with persistent elevation of ST segment in presence of multivascular affection of coronary arteries. Materials and methods. In the investigation four tactical and treatment-diagnostic approaches were used through year of observation. Results. In patients, suffering myocardial infarction and persistent elevation of ST segment the hyperviscosity and hypercoagulation syndromes were revealed, which have manifested in first weeks by compensatory growth of thrombocytes quantity, the blood viscosity, level of fibrinogen and aggregation properties of thrombocytes. Conduction of additional more profound examination of coronary blood circulation and further application of postponed stenting of the infarction-dependent arteries have promoted lesser amplitude of fluctuations of all laboratory indices, than in other tactical and treatment approaches. Conclusion. Standard tactical and treatment-diagnostic principles in management of such category of patients do not permit to improve the state of the viscosity and coagulation-aggregation parameters principally, even while application of double antiaggregation therapy