The Debate around Nihilism in 1860s Russian Literature

This investigation investigates the extent to which literature and criticism were politically charged in 1860s Russia. Ideology was clearly present within both literature and literary criticism, despite claims to the contrary. Pisarev, despite his claims to view a text without ideology, in his criticism demonstrated his preference for the Nihilist movement to which he belonged. The fact that Turgenev’s novel sparked such a furore shows how tense society was during this period. The controversy caused shows the extent to which Russia was in need of reform through the degree of division in the national response. Turgenev explained how “one critic even brought forth the fact that I made Bazarov lose at cards to Father Alexey. “He just doesn’t know how to wound and humiliate enough! He doesn’t even know how to play cards!” There is absolutely no doubt that if I had made Bazarov win, the same critic would triumphantly exclaim: “Isn’t it clear? The author wants to suggest that Bazarov is a cheat!

The Solution of Hypersingular Integral Equations With Applications in Acoustics and Fracture Mechanics

The numerical solution of two classes of hypersingular integral equations is addressed. Both classes are integral equations of the first kind, and are hypersingular due to a kernel containing a Hadamard singularity. The convergence of a Galerkin method and a collocation method is discussed and computationally efficient algorithms are developed for each class of hypersingular integral equation. Interest in these classes of hypersingular integral equations is due to their occurrence in many physical applications. In particular, investigations into the scattering of acoustic waves by moving objects and the study of dynamic Griffith crack problems has necessitated a computationally efficient technique for solving such equations. Fracture mechanic studies are performed using the aforementioned techniques. We focus our studies on problems addressing the Stress Intensity Factors (SIF) of a finite Griffith crack scattering an out of plane shear wave. In addition, we consider the problem of determining the SIF of two parallel Griffith cracks and two perpendicular Griffith cracks. It is shown that the method is very accurate and computationally efficient. In acoustics, we first consider the moving wing problem. For this problem we wish to find the sound produced by the interaction of a moving wing with a known incident sound source. Although this problem is relatively simple, it is a good precursor to the two-dimensional, finite, moving duct problem. The bulk of the research is focused on solving the two-dimensional, finite, moving duct problem. Here we look at sound propagation and radiation from a finite, two-dimensional, moving duct with a variety of inlet configurations. In particular, we conduct studies on the redirection of sound by a so-called scarf inlet design. In said designs, we are able to demonstrate the ability to redirect sound away from sensitive areas

The biology and ecology of rampion mignonette Reseda phyteuma L.

Rampion mignonette is an annual to short-lived perennial agricultural weed from the Mediterranean region, first found in vineyards at Clare, South Australia, in 1986. The biology and ecology of rampion mignonette was studied to provide a basis for its integrated control and management. The study includes a literature review, maps of world and Australian distribution and drawings showing plant habit and details. A field survey found that rampion mignonette showed little migration and that containment and population reduction could be achieved by careful management including both chemical and cultural techniques. Common herbicides were also found to be effective in controlling the weed. An experiment established that it is unlikely to become a major weed of broadacre crops and pastures in the South Australian dryland farming system. It does however have the potential to compete with grapevines and reduce grape yields.Thesis (M.App.Sc.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Agronomy and Farming Systems, 199

Dispersal and genetic variability of Sonchus oleraceus L. in relation to its resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides.

The work described in this thesis investigates the existence and level of acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicide resistance in Sonchus oleraceus in Australia. It further discusses the sensitivity of different S. oleraceus populations to different dose rate treatments of the ALS-inhibiting herbicide, chlorsulfuron. Thirdly the movement or not of the resistance gene between S. oleraceus plants. Gene movement is investigated in light of S. oleraceus being self pollinated and possessing a wind dispersed seed. Finally using molecular tools the genetic diversity and seed movement in S. oleraceus is investigated. Although much is known about the evolution of plant based genetic resistance to herbicides there is less known as to the specific resistance gene movement in differing weed species. The first approach undertaken in this study was to collect a broad spectrum of S. oleraceus seed from a number of Australian states and test the progeny from this seed for resistance to chlorsulfuron. Subsequent to this DNA extractions were made from S. oleraceus plant material for use in AFLP and sequencing techniques. The results of this study indicate that ALS-inhibiting herbicide resistance to chlorsulfuron in S. oleraceus is now widespread in Australia. The movement of the resistance gene within populations is low (<4%), however, population dendrograms indicate seed has been dispersed across large distances in Australia facilitating the movement of the resistance gene. In addition sequence analysis indicates numerous independent mutation events. With the identification of previously unknown levels of resistance in Australia and gene movement knowledge, extension of improved management practises is possible.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, 201

Intramolecular palladium(II)/(IV) catalysed C(sp3)–H arylation of tertiary aldehydes using a transient imine directing group

Palladium catalysed β-C(sp3)–H activation of tertiary aldehydes using a transient imine directing group enables intramolecular arylation to form substituted indane-aldehydes. A simple amine bearing a methyl ether (2-methoxyethan-1-amine) is the optimal TDG to promote C–H activation and reaction with an unactivated proximal C–Br bond. Substituent effects are studied in the preparation of various derivatives. Preliminary mechanistic studies identify a reversible C–H activation, product inhibition and suggest that oxidative addition is the turnover limiting step

Managing and Partnering with External Stakeholders

The weakening of the traditional management hierarchy, the hollowing out of corporations, and an increasing management emphasis on boundarylessness have created a new mind set concerning external stakeholders. Increasingly, organizations are moving beyond traditional stakeholder management techniques to partnering tactics that lead to the achievement of common goals. In spite of these trends, there has been very little effort in the management literature to tie stakeholder management and partnering tactics. This article demonstrates how successful partnerships with stakeholders create such valued benefits as increased product success rates, increased manufacturing efficiency, the development of distinctive competencies arising from partnerships with local communities or government agencies, reduced unfavorable litigation, reduced levels of negative publicity, and favorable regulatory policies

Recent Trends In Offshoring Relationships

The nature and type of IT work being offshored is expanding as more sophisticated vendors and technologies make it feasible for new, often more complicated IT work to be offshored.  Information Technology (IT) is continually improving, transforming formerly non-offshorable, personal tasks into offshorable, impersonal tasks. The relationships between clients and their offshore vendors have been changing, most obviously in the sheer volume of offshoring being undertaken. This study uses social exchange theory to examine the relationship between clients and vendors as partners in offshoring

Relationship Changes In IT Offshoring

As the sheer volume of IT being offshored continues togrow, other changes are occurring.  Thetype of IT work being offshored is expanding as more sophisticated vendors andtechnologies make it feasible for new, often more complicated, IT work to beoffshored.  Information Technology (IT)is continually improving, transforming formerly non-offshorable personal tasksinto offshorable impersonal tasks. The relationships between clients and theiroffshore vendors have been changing, most obviously in the sheer volume ofoffshoring being undertaken. To gain a better picture of offshoring, it isnecessary to examine these changing aspects

Business Administration Students As Surrogates For IT Professionals Summary Of A Study

The purpose of this paper is to report a summary of the results of a study which examined the appropriateness of using business school students as surrogates for IT professionals by comparing cognitive styles, physiological characteristics, and basic demographic data among the two groups. Cognitive style refers to the way individuals think, perceive and remember information. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), Kolb's Learning Style Inventory (LSI), and Human Information Processing Survey (HIPS) tests were used to examine cognitive style. Physiological characteristics examined include dichotic (different ear) listening and visual perception speed, both with laterality (right/leftness). This study identifies important differences between the students and IT professionals. The results have implications for both researchers and designers of future information systems