A new framework to alleviate DDoS vulnerabilities in cloud computing

In the communication age, the Internet has growing very fast and most industries rely on it. An essential part of Internet, Web applications like online booking, e-banking, online shopping, and e-learning plays a vital role in everyday life. Enhancements have been made in this domain, in which the web servers depend on cloud location for resources. Many organizations around the world change their operations and data storage from local to cloud platforms for many reasons especially the availability factor. Even though cloud computing is considered a renowned technology, it has many challenges, the most important one is security. One of the major issue in the cloud security is Distributed Denial of Service attack (DDoS), which results in serious loss if the attack is successful and left unnoticed. This paper focuses on preventing and detecting DDoS attacks in distributed and cloud environment. A new framework has been suggested to alleviate the DDoS attack and to provide availability of cloud resources to its users. The framework introduces three screening tests VISUALCOM, IMGCOM, and AD-IMGCOM to prevent the attack and two queues with certain constraints to detect the attack. The result of our framework shows an improvement and better outcomes and provides a recovered from attack detection with high availability rate. Also, the performance of the queuing model has been analysed

Antimicrobial and DPPH Free Radical- Scavenging Activities of the Ethanol Extract of Propolis Collected from India

Propolis is a natural product derived from plant resins collected by honey bees. In the present study, ethanolic extract of Propolis (EEP) collected from South India were tested for their antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidative activities. Propolis from Apis mellifera and Trigona sp were collected and compared with the commercial Propolis. EEP from Apis mellifera and commercial Propolis showed higher activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Trigona sp EEP showed higher activity against Candida albicans than commercial. In addition, the total flavanoid and total polyphenol content were analyzed. The chemical compositions of Propolis were identified from Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrum (GC-MS). The compound 1,4 Di-O-Acetyl-2,3,5-tri-O-Methylribitol (C12H22O7) was found to be first time in the propolis and the rest of the identified compounds were already reported. The results confirms the high DPPH free radical scavenging activity of Indian propolis. Thus Indian propolis, being a rich source of natural antioxidants, may be used in the prevention of various free radicals related diseases