15,414 research outputs found
The Language Maintenance of Mother Tongue in Tourism Area, Ubud
This study entitled "The Language Maintenance of Mother Tongue in Tourism Area, Ubud". The background of this study is departed from having seen the phenomenon of a rapid tourism development in Ubud. The arrival of tourists, both domestics and foreigners, would have an impact on the interaction be-tween tourists and local communities. The interaction is not merely the culture, but also in terms of commu-nication of how the language is being used. The use of language in daily communication is definitely become an interesting aspect to be discussed because Ubud is known as a multicultural region; some people may think that Ubud is a bule village similar to Kuta.
The objective of this study is to determine whether mother tongue is still being used in Ubud, Gian-yar or had it replaced by the foreign language. In addition, this research conducted to find out the strategies used by the people of Ubud to maintain the sustainability of mother-tongue language in the region.
The method used for this research is a field research. The research conducted by a non-participatory observation; researchers act to make observations and not directly involved in the interaction at the time of the study. Research techniques that used are documentations, records and depth interviews. The results ana-lyzed by approach which was proposed by Fasold (1972). It is also supported by Fishman's approach; both concern with language maintenance. The interview results are expected to answer strategies used by speakers of the local community in preserving the language. The presentation of the data described in qualitative de-scriptive method.
Keywords: Language Maintenance, mother tongue, Tourism area, Ubu
The infimum, supremum and geodesic length of a braid conjugacy class
Algorithmic solutions to the conjugacy problem in the braid groups B_n were
given by Elrifai-Morton in 1994 and by the authors in 1998. Both solutions
yield two conjugacy class invariants which are known as `inf' and `sup'. A
problem which was left unsolved in both papers was the number m of times one
must `cycle' (resp. `decycle') in order to increase inf (resp. decrease sup) or
to be sure that it is already maximal (resp. minimal) for the given conjugacy
class. Our main result is to prove that m is bounded above by n-2 in the
situation of the second algorithm and by ((n^2-n)/2)-1 in the situation of the
first. As a corollary, we show that the computation of inf and sup is
polynomial in both word length and braid index, in both algorithms. The
integers inf and sup determine (but are not determined by) the shortest
geodesic length for elements in a conjugacy class, as defined by Charney, and
so we also obtain a polynomial-time algorithm for computing this geodesic
length.Comment: 15 pages. Journa
Immune-system inspired approach for decentralized multi-agent control
This paper contains the first steps towards the development of a fully decentralized system framework. The novel approach that has been taken is derived from the inherent properties of the immune system. An assessment of the proposed control architecture has been performed by comparison with a more typical approach under a search and suppress kind of mission for an unmanned fleet
Market Structure and Productivity Revisited: Endogenous Productivity, Training and Market Shares
Properties of the one-dimensional Hubbard model: cellular dynamical mean-field description
The one-dimensional half-filled Hubbard model is considered at zero
temperature within the cellular dynamical mean-field theory (CDMFT). By the
computation of the spectral gap and the energy density with various cluster and
bath sizes we examine the accuracy of the CDMFT in a systematic way, which
proves the accurate description of the one-dimensional systems by the CDMFT
with small clusters. We also calculate the spectral weights in a full range of
the momentum for various interaction strengths. The results do not only account
for the spin-charge separation, but they also reproduce all the features of the
Bethe ansatz dispersions, implying that the CDMFT provides an excellent
description of the spectral properties of low-dimensional interacting systems.Comment: J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, in pres
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