Тест с шестиминутной ходьбой и его корреляция с качеством жизни, функцией внешнего дыхания у больных с посттуберкулезными изменениями

Summary. Six-minute walk test (6MWT) is used to evaluate exercise capacity, treatment efficacy and prognosis in patients with chronic heart or lung diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate relations between 6MWT and lung function and health-related quality of life in patients with thoracic sequelae of tuberculosis. The secondary aim was to determine factors affecting functional exercise capacity in such patients.Seventy patients aged 25–82 years (of them, 41 men and 25 women) were assessed using health status measure, 6MWT, dyspnea scoring and pulmonary function tests. Six-minute walk distance was 520 ± 107 м and correlated closely with quality of life and pulmonary function parameters. The main factor affecting the six-minute walk distance was impaired pulmonary function.Резюме. Шестиминутный шаговый тест (6-МШТ) используют для оценки толерантности к физической нагрузке, эффективности терапии и прогноза при многих хронических заболеваниях сердца и легких. Целью исследования было определение возможности использования 6-МШТ у пациентов с посттуберкулезными изменениями (ПТИ), его корреляции с показателями спирометрии, качества жизни, а также выявление факторов, способствующих снижению толерантности к физической нагрузке. Для выполнения работы были обследованы 70 пациентов с ПТИ в возрасте от 25 до 82 лет. У всех пациентов были выполнены 6-МШТ, оценка качества жизни и функции внешнего дыхания (ФВД). Результат 6-МШТ составил 520 ± 107 м. Показатель 6-МШТ имел значительную степень корреляции с показателями качества жизни и ФВД. Основной причиной, снижающей результат 6-МШТ, может быть нарушение ФВД

The influence of a cylindrical cathode on the electro-vortex flow of liquid metal: Numerical simulations and laboratory experiments

The electro-vortex flow of a liquid metal in a cylindrical cell, placed into an external vertical magnetic field, in the case of an axial electric current application is studied numerically and experimentally. The results are compared to those previously obtained in the case of a localized electric current application. In the absence of the external magnetic field, the comparison shows no qualitative change in the flow structure. In the presence of the external magnetic field, a poloidal motion is suppressed. A critical magnetic field of poloidal suppression is shown to be approximately $50\%$ higher in the case of axial electric current application

The influence of the cell inclination on the heat transport and large-scale circulation in liquid metal convection

Inclined turbulent thermal convection in liquid sodium is studied at large Rayleigh numbers Ra > 107 based on the results of both experimental measurements and high-resolution numerical simulations. For a direct comparison, the considered system parameters are set to be similar: Ra = 1.67 × 107 in the direct numerical simulations (DNS), Ra = 1.5 × 107 in the large-eddy simulations and Ra = 1.42 × 107 in the experiments, while the Prandtl number of liquid sodium is very small (Pr ≈ 0.009). The cylindrical convection cell has an aspect ratio of one; one circular surface is heated, while the other one is cooled. Additionally, the cylinder is inclined with respect to gravity and the inclination angle varies from β = 0°, which corresponds to Rayleigh–Bénard convection (RBC), to β = 90°, as in a vertical convection (VC) set-up. Our study demonstrates quantitative agreement of the experimental and numerical results, in particular with respect to the global heat and momentum transport, temperature and velocity profiles, as well as the dynamics of the large-scale circulation (LSC). The DNS reveal that the twisting and sloshing of the LSC at small inclination angles periodically affects the instantaneous heat transport (up to ±44 % of the mean heat transport). The twisted LSC is associated with a weak heat transport, while the sloshing mode that brings together the hot and cold streams of the LSC is associated with a strong heat transport. The experiments show that the heat transport scales as Nu ∼ Ra0.22 in both limiting cases (RBC and VC) for Rayleigh numbers around Ra ≈ 107, while any inclination of the cell, 0 < β < 90°, leads to an increase of Nu