276 research outputs found
Higher Mellin moments for charged current DIS
We report on our recent results for deep-inelastic neutrino-proton
scattering. We have computed the perturbative QCD corrections to three loops
for the harged current structure functions F_2, F_L and F_3 for the combination
nu P - nubar P. In leading twist approximation we have calculated the first six
odd-integer Mellin moments in the case of F_2 and F_L and the first six
even-integer moments in the case of F_3. As a new result we have obtained the
coefficient functions to O(alpha_s^3) and we have found the corresponding
anomalous dimensions to agree with known results in the literature.Comment: Contribution to the proceedings of the conference DIS 2007, Munich,
April 200
Risk Factors for Frequent Readmissions and Barriers to Transplantation in Patients with Cirrhosis
Background: Hospital readmission rate is receiving increasing regulatory scrutiny. Patients with cirrhosis have high hospital readmissions rates but the relationship between frequent readmissions and barriers to transplantation remains unexplored. The goal of this study was to determine risk factors for frequent readmissions among patients with cirrhosis and identify barriers to transplantation in this population. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 587 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of cirrhosis admitted to a large tertiary care center between May 1, 2008 and May 1, 2009. Demographics, clinical factors, and outcomes were recorded. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors for high readmission rates. Transplant-related factors were assessed for patients in the high readmission group. Results: The 587 patients included in the study had 1557 admissions during the study period. A subset of 87 (15%) patients with 5 or more admissions accounted for 672 (43%) admissions. The factors associated with frequent admissions were non-white race (OR = 2.45, p = 0.01), diabetes (OR = 2.04, p = 0.01), higher Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score (OR = 35.10, p30) and younger age (OR = 0.98, p = 0.02). Among the 87 patients with ≥5 admissions, only 14 (16%) underwent liver transplantation during the study period. Substance abuse, medical co-morbidities, and low (<15) MELD scores were barriers to transplantation in this group. Conclusions: A small group of patients with cirrhosis account for a disproportionately high number of hospital admissions. Interventions targeting this high-risk group may decrease frequent hospital readmissions and increase access to transplantation. © 2013 Ganesh et al
Defect-characterized phase transition kinetics
Phase transitions are a common phenomenon in condensed matter and act as a critical degree of freedom that can be employed to tailor the mechanical or electronic properties of materials. Understanding the fundamental mechanisms of the thermodynamics and kinetics of phase transitions is, thus, at the core of modern materials design. Conventionally, studies of phase transitions have, to a large extent, focused on pristine bulk phases. However, realistic materials exist in a complex form; their microstructures consist of different point and extended defects. The presence of defects impacts the thermodynamics and kinetics of phase transitions, but has been commonly ignored or treated separately. In recent years, with the significant advances in theoretical and experimental techniques, there has been an increasing research interest in modeling and characterizing how defects impact or even dictate phase transitions. The present review systematically discusses the recent progress in understanding the kinetics of defect-characterized phase transitions, derives the key mechanisms underlying these phase transitions, and envisions the remaining challenges and fruitful research directions. We hope that these discussions and insights will help to inspire future research and development in the field
Opioid prescriptions are associated with hepatic encephalopathy in a national cohort of patients with compensated cirrhosis
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154367/1/apt15639_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154367/2/apt15639.pd
Letter: are opioid prescriptions associated with hepatic encephalopathy in patients with compensated cirrhosis? Authors’ reply
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154393/1/apt15669.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154393/2/apt15669_am.pd
Non-abelian plane waves and stochastic regimes for (2+1)-dimensional gauge field models with Chern-Simons term
An exact time-dependent solution of field equations for the 3-d gauge field
model with a Chern-Simons (CS) topological mass is found. Limiting cases of
constant solution and solution with vanishing topological mass are considered.
After Lorentz boost, the found solution describes a massive nonlinear
non-abelian plane wave. For the more complicate case of gauge fields with CS
mass interacting with a Higgs field, the stochastic character of motion is
demonstrated.Comment: LaTeX 2.09, 13 pages, 11 eps figure
Getting to implementation: Adaptation of an implementation playbook
IntroductionImplementation strategies supporting the translation of evidence into practice need to be tailored and adapted for maximum effectiveness, yet the field of adapting implementation strategies remains nascent. We aimed to adapt “Getting To Outcomes”® (GTO), a 10-step implementation playbook designed to help community-based organizations plan and evaluate behavioral health programs, into “Getting To Implementation” (GTI) to support the selection, tailoring, and use of implementation strategies in health care settings.MethodsOur embedded evaluation team partnered with operations, external facilitators, and site implementers to employ participatory methods to co-design and adapt GTO for Veterans Health Administration (VA) outpatient cirrhosis care improvement. The Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications to Evidenced-based Implementation Strategies (FRAME-IS) guided documentation and analysis of changes made pre- and post-implementation of GTI at 12 VA medical centers. Data from multiple sources (interviews, observation, content analysis, and fidelity tracking) were triangulated and analyzed using rapid techniques over a 3-year period.ResultsAdaptations during pre-implementation were planned, proactive, and focused on context and content to improve acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of the GTI playbook. Modifications during and after implementation were unplanned and reactive, concentrating on adoption, fidelity, and sustainability. All changes were collaboratively developed, fidelity consistent at the level of the facilitator and/or implementer.ConclusionGTO was initially adapted to GTI to support health care teams' selection and use of implementation strategies for improving guideline-concordant medical care. GTI required ongoing modification, particularly in steps regarding team building, context assessment, strategy selection, and sustainability due to difficulties with step clarity and progression. This work also highlights the challenges in pragmatic approaches to collecting and synthesizing implementation, fidelity, and adaptation data.Trial registrationThis study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT04178096)
Finite top quark mass effects in NNLO Higgs boson production at LHC
We present next-to-next-to-leading order corrections to the inclusive
production of the Higgs bosons at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
including finite top quark mass effects. Expanding our analytic results for the
partonic cross section around the soft limit we find agreement with a very
recent publication by Harlander and Ozeren \cite{Harlander:2009mq}.Comment: 15 page
Production of scalar and pseudo-scalar Higgs bosons to next-to-next-to-leading order at hadron colliders
We consider the production of intermediate-mass CP-even and CP-odd Higgs
bosons in proton-proton and proton-anti-proton collisions. We extend the
recently published results for the complete next-to-next-to-leading order
calculation for a scalar Higgs boson to the pseudo-scalar case and present
details of the calculation that might be useful for similar future
investigations. The result is based on an expansion in the limit of a heavy top
quark mass and a subsequent matching to the expression obtained in the limit of
infinite energy. For a Higgs boson mass of 120 GeV the deviation from the
infinite-top quark mass result is small. For 300 GeV, however, the
next-to-next-to-leading order corrections for a scalar Higgs boson exceed the
effective-theory result by about 9% which increases to 22% in the pseudo-scalar
case. Thus in this mass range the effect on the total cross section amounts to
about 2% and 6%, respectively, which may be relevant in future precision
studies.Comment: 29 page
Refining Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) strategy surveys using cognitive interviews with frontline providers
BACKGROUND: The Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) compilation includes 73 defined implementation strategies clustered into nine content areas. This taxonomy has been used to track implementation strategies over time using surveys. This study aimed to improve the ERIC survey using cognitive interviews with non-implementation scientist clinicians.
METHODS: Starting in 2015, we developed and fielded annual ERIC surveys to evaluate liver care in the Veterans Health Administration (VA). We invited providers who had completed at least three surveys to participate in cognitive interviews (October 2020 to October 2021). Before the interviews, participants reviewed the complete 73-item ERIC survey and marked which strategies were unclear due to wording, conceptual confusion, or overlap with other strategies. They then engaged in semi-structured cognitive interviews to describe the experience of completing the survey and elaborate on which strategies required further clarification.
RESULTS: Twelve VA providers completed surveys followed by cognitive interviews. The Engage Consumer and Support Clinicians clusters were rated most highly in terms of conceptual and wording clarity. In contrast, the Financial cluster had the most wording and conceptual confusion. The Adapt and Tailor to Context cluster strategies were considered to have the most redundancy. Providers outlined ways in which the strategies could be clearer in terms of wording (32%), conceptual clarity (51%), and clarifying the distinction between strategies (51%).
CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive interviews with ERIC survey participants allowed us to identify and address issues with strategy wording, combine conceptually indistinct strategies, and disaggregate multi-barreled strategies. Improvements made to the ERIC survey based on these findings will ultimately assist VA and other institutions in designing, evaluating, and replicating quality improvement efforts
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