On the concepts of biochemical ecology and hydrobiology: Ecological chemomediators

Abstract-Earlier, the author published two books and some papers, in which he described conceptual foundations of new scientific disciplines -biochemical ecology and biochemical hydrobiology. These trends in research include studies of the role of chemical substances in interorganismal interactions, in communication and regulation of supraorganismal systems. Another part of biochemical ecology concerns studies of the destiny and transformation of external chemical substances when they interact with the organisms. Both natural and man-made compounds are interesting for biochemical ecology. The basic concepts of biochemical ecology include ecological chemomediators and ecological chemoregulators that have already been included in the body of modern conceptions and are used in modern ecological literature. Application of biochemical ecology to aquatic ecosystems creates the basis for development of biochemical hydrobiology

Study of the Interactions between Elodea canadensis and CuO Nanoparticles

Copper is one of the key heavy metals that pollute environment and constitute a serious threat to thehealth of humans and ecosystems. Copper may enter the aquatic environment in both soluble and nanoparticleform. It was previously found in a series of studies that nanoparticles, including those of several metal oxides,exercise both negative and positive effects on the higher plants which makes necessary further research on theinteraction between metal oxide nanoparticles and plants. Interactions between aquatic plants and copper–containingnanoparticles were not suffi ciently studied. The goal of this study was to contribute to the investigation of theinteractions between CuO nanoparticles and the aquatic plant Elodea canadensis under the conditions of experimentalmicrocosms. It was found that CuO nanoparticles demonstrated some phytotoxicity to Elodea canadensis.After the incubation of Elodea canadensis in the aquatic medium contaminated with CuO nanoparticles there wasa signifi cant increase (by two orders of magnitude) of the concentration of copper in the biomass of the plants

Immobilization of Scandium and Other Chemical Elements in Systems with Aquatic Macrophyte

The possibility of immobilization of scandium and other chemical elements by biogenic materialsderived from an aquatic macrophyte was explored. The concentrations of scandium and some other chemicalelements were measured in the dried biomass (mortmass) of aquatic plants Myriophyllum aquaticum. In theexperiments, the mortmass was incubated in aquatic systems where some chemical elements were added to theaquatic medium. After the incubation, the concentrations of these chemical elements in the mortmass weremeasured using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), also referred to asinductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Increases in the concentrations ofscandium and some other chemical elements (Ce, In, Se, Ru, Pd, U, and Zr) were observed in the biogenic materia

Beam Loss Studies for Rare Isotope Driver Linacs Final Report

The Fortran 90 RIAPMTQ/IMPACT code package is a pair of linked beam-dynamics simulation codes that have been developed for end-to-end computer simulations of multiple-charge-state heavy-ion linacs for future exotic-beam facilities. These codes have multiple charge-state capability, and include space-charge forces. The simulations can extend from the low-energy beam-transport line after an ECR ion source to the end of the linac. The work has been performed by a collaboration including LANL, LBNL, ANL, and MSU. The code RIAPMTQ simulates the linac front-end beam dynamics including the LEBT, RFQ, and MEBT. The code IMPACT simulates the beam dynamics of the main superconducting linac. The codes have been benchmarked for rms beam properties against previously existing codes at ANL and MSU. The codes allow high-statistics runs on parallel supercomputing platforms, particularly at NERSC at LBNL, for studies of beam losses. The codes also run on desktop PC computers for low-statistics work. The code package is described in more detail in a recent publication [1] in the Proceedings of PAC07 (2007 US Particle Accelerator Conference). In this report we describe the main activities for the FY07 beam-loss studies project using this code package

Multiplicities of secondaries in interactions of 1.8 GeV/nucleon Fe-56 nuclei with photoemulsion and the cascade evaporation model

A nuclear photographic emulsion method was used to study the charge-state, ionization, and angular characteristics of secondaries produced in inelastic interactions of Fe-56 nuclei at 1.8 GeV/nucleon with H, CNO, and AgBr nuclei. The data obtained are compared with the results of calculations made in terms of the Dubna version of the cascade evaporation model (DCM). The DCM has been shown to satisfactorily describe most of the interaction characteristics for two nuclei in the studied reactions. At the same time, quantitative differences are observed in some cases

Science Requirements and Conceptual Design for a Polarized Medium Energy Electron-Ion Collider at Jefferson Lab

This report presents a brief summary of the science opportunities and program of a polarized medium energy electron-ion collider at Jefferson Lab and a comprehensive description of the conceptual design of such a collider based on the CEBAF electron accelerator facility.Comment: 160 pages, ~93 figures This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177, DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-AC05-060R23177, and DESC0005823. The U.S. Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce this manuscript for U.S. Government purpose

Target fragments in collisions of 1.8 GeV/nucleon Fe-56 nuclei with photoemulsion nuclei, and the cascade-evaporation model

Nuclear photographic emulsion is used to study the dependence of the characteristics of target-nucleus fragments on the masses and impact parameters of interacting nuclei. The data obtained are compared in all details with the calculation results made in terms of the Dubna version of the cascade-evaporation model (DCM)