Effectiveness of carnosine on disturbed electrolytes homeostasis induced by cisplatin

We aimed to assess the effect of well known antioxidant carnosine on disturbed plasma and intraerythrocytes electrolytes and Na+-K+-ATPase activity by cisplatin. 24 male albino Wistar rats were selected and divided into 4 groups: Group I = untreated control; Group II = cisplatin control (received cisplatin at a dose of 3 mg/ kg body weight; i.p. for 13 alternate days); Group III = carnosine alone (treated group at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight; i.p. for 13 consecutive days); Group IV = carnosine + cisplatin pretreated group. Carnosine was administered 30 min prior to cisplatin. Carnosine significantly restored the intra – erythrocytes Na+, K+ and Na+-K+-ATPase level which consequently affect the plasma Na+, Ca++, and Mg++ level. Effective role conferred by carnosine exhibits its protective activity.Key words: Cisplatin, carnosine, electrolytes, Na+-K+-ATPase

Perceptions of Iranian women regarding breast cancer screening behavior

Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women aged 20–59 years worldwide, with 58% of deaths occurring in less-developed countries. In the Islamic Republic of Iran, breast cancer constitutes 21% of all cancers, with an incidence rate of 22 per 100 000 women. Aims: Since research into breast cancer screening among Iranian women is scarce and results are contradictory, we aimed to explore women’s’ perceptions regarding breast cancer screening behaviour and provide insights into how breast cancer is perceived and approached. This could aid policy-makers in drafting effective interventions to stimulate women to perform regular screening. Methods: We used the Health Belief Model as a theoretical framework. In-depth interviews with 22 women in Tehran were performed, based on a topic-list exploring the 6 constructs of the Health Belief Model: perceived barriers, perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, self-efficacy and cues to action. Data-analysis was based on the Constructive Grounded Theory Method. Results: The main barriers were fear, low priority and cultural values. Perceived severity was low for the majority of women, while perceived susceptibility was high for about half of them. Perceived benefit of screening was high for all women. Women’s’ self-efficacy was low when it came to breast self-examination. Talking about breast cancer screening and having somebody in their environment adopting screening behaviour were important cues for taking up breast cancer screening. Conclusions: Interventions should focus on diminishing barriers and increasing women’s’ self-efficacy and interpersonal communication about breast cancer screening

Two Reliable Methods for Solving the Modified Improved Kadomtsev-Petviashvili Equation

In this paper, the tanh-coth method and the extended (G\u27/G)-expansion method are used to construct exact solutions of the nonlinear Modified Improved Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (MIKP) equation. These methods transform nonlinear partial differential equation to ordinary differential equation and can be applied to nonintegrable equation as well as integrable ones. It has been shown that the two methods are direct, effective and can be used for many other nonlinear evolution equations in mathematical physics

EFFECT OF CRUDE EXTRACT AND PHYTOSTEROL FRACTION OF FUMARIA OFFICINALIS IN INDUCED HYPERTROPHIC SCAR OF RABBITS

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the role of crude extract and phytosterol fraction of Fumaria officinalis in experimentally induced hypertrophic scar in rabbits. Methods: Surgical wounds were performed on day 1 with an 8‑mm biopsy punch four wounds were created on the ventral surface of the rabbit ear (in vivo) down to cartilage. Triamcinolone acetonide (TAC), crude and phytosterol extracts of F. officinalis L. are administered topically to established scars on day 31. The outcome measures included study of histopathology of skin sections, transforming growth factor beta‑1 (TGF‑β1), level, and collagen three alpha1 in skin tissue. Results: In comparison with the induced hypertrophic scar, all treatment produced a significant reduction in scores of TGFβ1, collagen III, inflammation, and measurement of SEI (p ≤ 0.01). The most significant reduction in inflammation and thickness observed in TAC and extract of crude F. officinalis L. Only crude F. officinalis L. decrease fibroblast counts in comparison to induced hypertrophic scar group and other group (p ≤ 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found between the treatment groups in terms of TGF β1and collagen III. Conclusion: Topical crude extract of F. officinalis L. was more effective in the treatment of induced hypertrophic scar as compared with phytosterol of F. officinalis L. and comparable to the effectiveness of topical TAC

Nutritional and Bread-Making Quality of Wheat as Influenced by Mineral Fertilization in a Compost-Amended Regosol soil

This experiment was conducted to assess the effect of different levels of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilization on growth, grain yield, nutritional and bread-making quality of wheat in a compost-amended regosol soil. Wheat cultivar Minaminokaori was grown in containers containing a mixture of regosol and aerobic compost (2:1 v/v). This study comprised a non-fertilized control (F1) and six levels of NPK fertilizers: F2 (80 kg N + 40 kg P2O5 +40 kg K2O ha-1), F3 (110 kg N + 60 kg P2O5 + 55 kg K2O ha-1), F4 (140 kg N + 80 kg P2O5 + 70 kg K2O ha-1), F5 (170 kg N + 100 kg P2O5 + 85 kg K2O ha-1), F6 (200 kg N + 120 kg P2O5 + 100 kg K2O ha-1) and F7 (230 kg N + 140 kg P2O5 + 115 K2O kg ha-1). A significant improvement in agronomic performance, grain nutritional and bread-making quality of wheat was observed with the F6 treatment, it increased the grain yield (151.6%), crude protein (65.3%), water-soluble pentosan (40.5%), and dry gluten (4-fold) compared to the control. The F6 treatment also increased grain total N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Zn and inorganic phosphorus contents by 65.2, 33.6, 8.9, 19.7, 165.9, 26.1 and 80.0%, respectively, compared to control. However, it slightly increased grain phytate P content. The results from this study suggest that agronomic performance, grain yield, nutritional and bread-making quality of wheat can be improved with an appropriate dose of NPK in a compost-amended regosol soil

Tsallis holographic dark energy under Complex form of Quintessence model

In this paper, we use a Tsallis holographic dark energy model in two forms, interacting and non-interacting cases, to acquire some parameters as the equation of state for the energy density of the Tsallis model in the FRW universe concerning the complex form of quintessence model. We will study the cosmology of complex quintessence by revamping the potential and investigating the scalar field dynamics. Then we analyze ($\omega-\omega'$) and stability in two cases, i.e., non-interacting and interacting. We will explore whether these cases describe a real universe by calculating fractional energy density $\Omega_{D}$ and concerning two parts of the quintessence field effect ( complex and real part ) by considering the real part of this field to be a slow-roll field. We know that the part in which the fractional energy density ($\Omega_{D} > 1$) does not describe a real universe. Also, we specified an interacting coupling parameter $b^{2}$ that depends on the constant parameter of the Tsallis holographic model ($\delta$) with respect to fractional energy density ($0.73$). Unlike independence between the fractional energy density and interacting coupling in the real quintessence model, we determine a relationship among these parameters in this theory. Finally, by plotting some figures, we specify the features of ($\omega-\omega'$) and ($\nu_{s}^{2}$) in two cases and compare the result with each other.Comment: 22 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in Communications in Theoretical Physic

New spiro (thio) barbiturates based on cyclohexanone and bicyclo [3.1.1]heptan-6-one by nonconcerted [1+5] cycloaddition reaction and their conformational structures

Crossed-aldol condensation reaction of aromatic aldehydes with ketones such as; acetone and cyclohexanone leads to the efficient formation of cross conjugated α,β-unsaturated ketones in excellent yield. The intermolecular and then intramolecular Michael addition reaction of α,β-unsaturated ketones derived from acetone and cyclohexanone with (thio)barbituric acids lead to synthesis new type of 7,11-diaryl-2,4-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane-1,3,5,9-tetraone and 2,4-diaryl-1'H-spiro[bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-3,5'-pyrimidine]-2',4',6',9(3'H)-tetraone, respectively in good yield. Structure elucidation is carried out by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR, UV-Visible, mass spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography techniques. A possible mechanism of the formation is discussed. The structural conformation also demonstrated by coupling constants derived from dihedral angles between vicinal and geminal protons. The 1H NMR spectra of NH protons of spiro compounds derived from barbituric acid show a broad singlet peak instead, these protons in the spiro compounds derived from thiobarbituric acid show two distinct peaks. KEY WORDS: Crossed-aldol condensation, Michael addition, [1+5] Cycloaddition, Barbituric acid, Conformation, Spiro barbiturate Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2014, 28(3), 423-440.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v28i3.1

Caratterizzazione della resistenza a corrosione di leghe ferrose in liquidi ionici a base imidazolo,

The possibility to use ionic liquids (ILs) in several industrial applications, from galvanic to electronics, to CO2 capture in combustion processes, requires a deeper understanding of the compatibility of the ILs of major interest with metallic materials that currently compose industrial plants. This work proposes the evaluation of the corrosion behavior of a carbon steel (API 5L X52) and a stainless steel (AISI 316) in presence of methyl imidazolium based ILs. The analysis focuses on the dependence of ILs corrosiveness on their chemical formulation, with particular reference to the anion composition and to the chain length of the imidazolium cation

Weak Gravity Conjecture, Black Branes and Violations of Universal Thermodynamic Relation

The universal thermodynamic relations between corrections to entropy and extremality for various black holes solutions have been studied. In this regard, we hereby consider a number of different black brane solutions in different structures for perturbative corrections to general relativity. These are, namely, black brane solution in Rastall AdS massive gravity, Einstein-Yang-Mills AdS black brane solution in massive gravity and general anisotropic black brane in Horava-Lifshitz gravity. We calculate both the entropy and extremality bound by introducing a small constant correction to the action. Remarkably, we find that black brane violates the universal thermodynamic relations. In other words, a universal relation between corrections to entropy and extremality are not valid in the black brane structure.Comment: 14 pages; 2 captioned figure