Preoperative Chemotherapy and Irradiation in the Treatment of Soft Tissue Sarcomas of the Lower Extremities: Preliminary Report of Experience at Henry Ford Hospital

The development of effective chemotherapy and improved techniques of radiation therapy offer the possibility of managing soft tissue sarcomas so that surgery may need to be less radical than in the past and amputation can be avoided. The low rates of local-regional and systemic recurrence that have resulted from using innovative combinations of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and conservative surgery encouraged us to use preoperative intraarterial adriamycin (doxorubicin) with or without radiation therapy for three cases of soft tissue sarcomas of the lower extremities. The rationale for this therapy is also discussed

The University of Hong Kong's New PCLL

A recent review of legal education criticised Hong Kong's professional legal education programme (the PCLL). The review said that the PCLL was not doing a good enough job in preparing students for legal practice. This article responds to the review by outlining proposals for a new PCLL. The proposals are based on the premise that professional legal education needs to develop students' ability to learn new skills after graduation. This is a complicated, but crucial, educational goal that is more easily understood with the help of concepts such as problem solving and transfer of learning. The paper argues that if the PCLL is designed to enable students to transfer problem solving skills from one legal context to another then students will more easily be able to transfer what they have learned in the programme to new problems in legal practice. To achieve this goal, however, requires painstaking effort in using several interdependent, curriculum-design features that other programmes around the world have used successfully.published_or_final_versio

Understanding the relationship between mothers’ attitudes toward television and children’s television exposure: A longitudinal study of reciprocal patterns and the moderating role of maternal stress

This two-wave panel study among mothers (N = 508) of children between ages six months and six years investigated a) the possibility of a reciprocal relationship between mothers’ attitudes toward television and children’s television viewing, and b) the conditional probability of this reciprocal relationship. Two-wave multigroup cross-lagged analyses provided evidence for reciprocal patterns that depend on the level of maternal stress. The findings indicated that mothers’ attitudes toward television predicted children’s subsequent television viewing among non-stressed mothers, but not among stressed mothers. Children’s television viewing predicted mothers’ subsequent negative attitudes toward television among stressed mothers, but not among non-stressed mothers. Implications for the role of parents’ attitudes regarding children’s television viewing are discussed

The purpose of legal education

Commentpublished_or_final_versio

Early Onset Angiosarcoma of the Breast Following Breast Conserving Therapy

Introduction: Breast angiosarcoma following treatment for breast cancer is a rare event and generally presents no earlier than 6 years after treatment. We identified 2 cases of early-onset angiosarcoma and evaluated patient and treatment factors. Methods: At our large multi-hospital health system, the tumor registry was searched for breast sarcoma from 2000-2020. Patient, tumor, and treatment details were collected. Results: 39 patients were identified, 4 with radiation induced angiosarcoma following breast cancer treatment (range 3-11 years). Two of the cases were early-onset, diagnosed at 3 and 4 years respectively. Patient 1 underwent BCT at age 44 for T1bN0 estrogen positive Her2 negative breast cancer. She presented 3 years later with progressive skin discoloration. After a delay of 3 months as multiple providers thought this was bruising secondary to trauma sustained during a fall, she was referred to breast surgery and punch biopsy was diagnostic for angiosarcoma (Figure 1). She underwent right mastectomy revealing 9.7-cm of high grade angiosarcoma. Patient 2 underwent BCT at 72 for T1cN1a estrogen positive Her2 negative breast cancer. She presented 4 years later with a suspicious skin finding. Punch biopsy was diagnostic for angiosarcoma. She underwent right mastectomy revealing 8-cm of high grade angiosarcoma. Conclusions: Radiation induced breast angiosarcoma is a known but rare entity typically occurring at least 6 years after treatment for breast cancer; however, it should remain high on the differential for patients with suspicious breast lesions before 6 years to avoid a delay in diagnosis as early-onset angiosarcoma does occur.https://scholarlycommons.henryford.com/merf2020caserpt/1126/thumbnail.jp

The effects of a social skills training program on aggressive behaviour with institutionalized juvenile delinquents

Situation-specific behavioural deficits have been found to account for at least some of the aggressive behaviours displayed by juvenile delinquents. The present investigation undertook to evaluate the effectiveness of a social skills training package in achieving a reduction in delinquents’ aggressive behaviours. Such a training program offers one procedure through which appropriate responding in social situations can be taught. Previous research had suggested that aggressive behaviour was a relevant target behaviour for this population. -- Twenty-four students from a residential training center for juvenile delinquents served as subjects for this investigation. They ranged in age from 14-16 years (mean=15.2). The sex distribution of the subjects reflected their respective proportions in the center's population. -- Three measures of verbal and physical aggression were employed to assess the efficacy of the training program: (a) the frequency of fines and warnings issued by the staff members for verbal and physical aggressiveness, (b) in vivo observations of aggressive behaviour during a free-time period, and (c) ratings of social skills in response to provocative situations presented on audiotape. -- The students were divided into a treatment group and a control group equated in terms of sex-distribution and pre-treatment level of aggression. -- The students in the training group met weekly for eight weeks. During these meetings, the concepts of assertion, aggression and non-assertion were first introduced. A variety of skills for assertively responding to provocations were applied to job interviews and interpersonal problem situations identified by the students. The social skills training included modelling, rehearsal and feedback, coaching, and homework assignments. -- The students in the control group were given no treatment in addition to the normal program of the institution. -- On all the measures of aggressiveness collected, the training group did not differ significantly from the control group at either the pre-treatment or the post-treatment assessments. Furthermore, the behaviour of the training group did not change significantly over the course of the investigation. -- These results indicate that the social skills training package, as presently applied, was not successful in altering the amount of aggressive behaviour displayed by the students. -- Difficulties in obtaining accurate data on the students' aggressive behaviour and their implications for conclusions from the study are discussed

Qubit Channels Can Require More Than Two Inputs to Achieve Capacity

We give examples of qubit channels that require three input states in order to achieve the Holevo capacity.Comment: RevTex, 5 page, 4 figures

Utility of Parental Mediation Model on Youth’s Problematic Online Gaming

The Parental Mediation Model PMM) was initially designed to regulate children’s attitudes towards the traditional media. In the present era, because of prevalent online media there is a need for similar regulative measures. Spending long hours on social media and playing online games increase the risks of exposure to the negative outcomes of online gaming. This paper initially applied the PMM developed by European Kids Online to (i) test the reliability and validity of this model and (ii) identify the effectiveness of this model in controlling problematic online gaming (POG). The data were collected from 592 participants comprising 296 parents and 296 students of four foreign universities, aged 16 to 22 years in Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia). The study found that the modified model of the five-factor PMM (Technical mediation, Monitoring mediation, Restrictive mediation, Active Mediation of Internet Safety, and Active mediation of Internet Use) functions as a predictor for mitigating POG. The findings suggest the existence of a positive relation between ‘monitoring’ and ‘restrictive’ mediation strategies and exposure to POG while Active Mediation of Internet Safety and Active mediation of Internet use were insignificant predictors. Results showed a higher utility of ‘technical’ strategies by the parents led to less POG. The findings of this study do not support the literature suggesting active mediation is more effective for reducing youth’s risky behaviour. Instead, parents need to apply more technical mediations with their children and adolescents’ Internet use to minimize the negative effects of online gaming

Interpretations of Presburger Arithmetic in Itself

Presburger arithmetic PrA is the true theory of natural numbers with addition. We study interpretations of PrA in itself. We prove that all one-dimensional self-interpretations are definably isomorphic to the identity self-interpretation. In order to prove the results we show that all linear orders that are interpretable in (N,+) are scattered orders with the finite Hausdorff rank and that the ranks are bounded in terms of the dimension of the respective interpretations. From our result about self-interpretations of PrA it follows that PrA isn't one-dimensionally interpretable in any of its finite subtheories. We note that the latter was conjectured by A. Visser.Comment: Published in proceedings of LFCS 201