2,875 research outputs found
Flat-Bands on Partial Line Graphs -- Systematic Method for Generating Flat-Band Lattice Structures
We introduce a systematic method for constructing a class of lattice
structures that we call ``partial line graphs''.In tight-binding models on
partial line graphs, energy bands with flat energy dispersions emerge.This
method can be applied to two- and three-dimensional systems. We show examples
of partial line graphs of square and cubic lattices. The method is useful in
providing a guideline for synthesizing materials with flat energy bands, since
the tight-binding models on the partial line graphs provide us a large room for
modification, maintaining the flat energy dispersions.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure
Ultrasound instrumentation for the 7 inch Mach seven tunnel
The use of an Apple II+ microcomputer to collect data during the operation of the 7 inch Mach Seven Tunnel is discussed. A method by which the contamination of liquid oxygen is monitored with sound speed techniques is investigated. The electrical equivalent of a transducer bonded to a high pressure fill plug is studied. The three areas are briefly explained and data gathered for each area are presented
Angularly excited and interacting boson stars and Q-balls
We study angularly excited as well as interacting non-topological solitons,
so-called Q-balls and their gravitating counterparts, so-called boson stars in
3+1 dimensions. Q-balls and boson stars carry a non-vanishing Noether charge
and arise as solutions of complex scalar field models in a flat space-time
background and coupled minimally to gravity, respectively.
We present examples of interacting Q-balls that arise due to angular
excitations, which are closely related to the spherical harmonics. We also
construct explicit examples of rotating boson stars that interact with
non-rotating boson stars. We observe that rotating boson stars tend to absorb
the non-rotating ones for increasing, but reasonably small gravitational
coupling. This is a new phenomenon as compared to the flat space-time limit and
is related to the negative contribution of the rotation term to the energy
density of the solutions. In addition, our results indicate that a system of a
rotating and non-rotating boson star can become unstable if the direct
interaction term in the potential is large enough. This instability is related
to the appearance of ergoregions.Comment: 20 pages including 9 figures; for higher quality figures please
contact the authors; v2: minor changes, final version to appear in Phys. Rev.
Relationship between spiral and ferromagnetic states in the Hubbard model in the thermodynamic limit
We explore how the spiral spin(SP) state, a spin singlet known to accompany
fully-polarized ferromagnetic (F) states in the Hubbard model, is related with
the F state in the thermodynamic limit using the density matrix renormalization
group and exact diagonalization. We first obtain an indication that when the F
state is the ground state the SP state is also eligible as the ground state in
that limit. We then follow the general argument by Koma and Tasaki [J. Stat.
Phys. {\bf 76}, 745 (1994)] to find that: (i) The SP state possesses a kind of
order parameter. (ii) Although the SP state does not break the SU(2) symmetry
in finite systems, it does so in the thermodynamic limit by making a linear
combination with other states that are degenerate in that limit. We also
calculate the one-particle spectral function and dynamical spin and charge
susceptibilities for various 1D finite-size lattices. We find that the
excitation spectrum of the SP state and the F state is almost identical. Our
present results suggest that the SP and the F states are equivalent in the
thermodynamic limit. These properties may be exploited to determine the
magnetic phase diagram from finite-size studies.Comment: 17 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev.
Effective rate equations for the over-damped motion in fluctuating potentials
We discuss physical and mathematical aspects of the over-damped motion of a
Brownian particle in fluctuating potentials. It is shown that such a system can
be described quantitatively by fluctuating rates if the potential fluctuations
are slow compared to relaxation within the minima of the potential, and if the
position of the minima does not fluctuate. Effective rates can be calculated;
they describe the long-time dynamics of the system. Furthermore, we show the
existence of a stationary solution of the Fokker-Planck equation that describes
the motion within the fluctuating potential under some general conditions. We
also show that a stationary solution of the rate equations with fluctuating
rates exists.Comment: 18 pages, 2 figures, standard LaTeX2
Ferromagnetism in a Hubbard model for an atomic quantum wire: a realization of flat-band magnetism from even-membered rings
We have examined a Hubbard model on a chain of squares, which was proposed by
Yajima et al as a model of an atomic quantum wire As/Si(100), to show that the
flat-band ferromagnetism according to a kind of Mielke-Tasaki mechanism should
be realized for an appropriate band filling in such a non-frustrated lattice.
Reflecting the fact that the flat band is not a bottom one, the ferromagnetism
vanishes, rather than intensified, as the Hubbard U is increased. The exact
diagonalization method is used to show that the critical value of U is in a
realistic range. We also discussed the robustness of the magnetism against the
degradation of the flatness of the band.Comment: misleading terms and expressions are corrected, 4 pages, RevTex, 5
figures in Postscript, to be published in Phys. Rev. B (rapid communication
Design of multivariable feedback control systems via spectral assignment
Applied research in the area of spectral assignment in multivariable systems is reported. A frequency domain technique for determining the set of all stabilizing controllers for a single feedback loop multivariable system is described. It is shown that decoupling and tracking are achievable using this procedure. The technique is illustrated with a simple example
On the chiral anomaly in non-Riemannian spacetimes
The translational Chern-Simons type three-form coframe torsion on a
Riemann-Cartan spacetime is related (by differentiation) to the Nieh-Yan
four-form. Following Chandia and Zanelli, two spaces with non-trivial
translational Chern-Simons forms are discussed. We then demonstrate, firstly
within the classical Einstein-Cartan-Dirac theory and secondly in the quantum
heat kernel approach to the Dirac operator, how the Nieh-Yan form surfaces in
both contexts, in contrast to what has been assumed previously.Comment: 18 pages, RevTe
Flat-band ferromagnetism induced by off-site repulsions
Density matrix renormalization group method is used to analyze how the
nearest-neighbor repulsion V added to the Hubbard model on 1D triangular
lattice and a railway trestle (t-t') model will affect the electron-correlation
dominated ferromagnetism arising from the interference (frustration). Obtained
phase diagram shows that there is a region in smaller-t' side where the
critical on-site repulsion above which the system becomes ferromagnetic is
reduced when the off-site repulsion is introduced.Comment: 4 pages, RevTex, 6 figures in Postscript, to be published in Phys.
Rev.
Temperature in One-Dimensional Bosonic Mott insulators
The Mott insulating phase of a one-dimensional bosonic gas trapped in optical
lattices is described by a Bose-Hubbard model. A continuous unitary
transformation is used to map this model onto an effective model conserving the
number of elementary excitations. We obtain quantitative results for the
kinetics and for the spectral weights of the low-energy excitations for a broad
range of parameters in the insulating phase. By these results, recent Bragg
spectroscopy experiments are explained. Evidence for a significant temperature
of the order of the microscopic energy scales is found.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure
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