Improving Listening Comprehension Skills of the Second Year Students Through Audio – Lingual Method

This research aims to find out whether the use of Audio-lingual Method can improve listening comprehension skills of the second year students of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri Taipa. The research samples were VIII B as the experimental group which consisted of 26 students and VIII A as the control group which consisted of 25 students selected by cluster sampling technique. The instrument of data collection was a test which was given as pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed statistically in order to find out the significance of the achievement of the students in pre-test (40.1) and post-test (60.5). The researcher used 0.05 level of significant with 49 degrees of freedom (d.f. 26+25-2 = 49). After analyzing statistically, the researcher found that the result of t-counted was (12.8) higher than t-table (2.00). It means that the use of Audio-lingual Method can improve listening comprehension skills of second year students Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri Taipa. Keywords: Listening, Comprehension, Audio-Lingual Method

Perbandingan Kemampuan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi antara Penerapan Model Discovery Learning dengan Memanfaatkan Potensi Ekosistem Pesisir dan Pembelajaran Konvensional pada Siswa Kelas X SMA N 1 Tanjungsari

The purpose of the research was to find out the difference of higher order thinking skills of grade X students after being treated with discovery learning model with employing seashore ecosystem and conventional learning.The research was a quasi experiment with postest only nonequivalent control group design. The population of the research was all student of grade X of SMA N I Tanjungsari, and sample was selected through cluster sampling. Data was collected using test and non-test method. Test method is high order thinking essays, which consisted of analytical thinking skills (C4), evaluate thinking skills (C5), and creative thinking skills (C6). Non-test method was observation and documentation. Hypothesis test used the t-test with SPSS 16 version.The conclusion of the research is there was a difference of higher order thinking skills between application of discovery learning combined with seashore ecosystem and conventional learning of grade X students of SMA N I Tanjungsari. Students of grade X performed best on evaluate thinking skills

Geospatial variability of soil and climate on performance of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) in traditional region of India

Natural rubber is grown in traditional region of India in varied soil and climate conditions. Earlier efforts to relate soil-site condition on performance of rubber were based on observation of few locations. Geospatial analysis of soil and climate variation helps to delineate constraint areas for site specific management. Kanyakumari district of Tamil Nadu and Kasaragod district of Kerala having contrasting soil and climate condition in traditional region of rubber cultivation were selected to study the effect of soil and climate on rubber performance. Soil OC, available P and K in Kanyakumari was in medium range whereas in Kasaragod soil OC was in high range, available P and K in low range. In Kanyakumari district major rubber growing area was under low elevation (0-100 m) and slope below 5-10 per cent compared to low to medium(100-200 m) elevation and slope above 5-10 per cent in Kasaragod. Annual rainfall distributed uniformly in Kanyakumari compared to unimodal rainfall distribution observed in Kasaragod. As a result Moisture Adequacy Index (MAI) in Kanyakumari during December to March was good to poor whereas in Kasaragod it was poor to very poor. Length of growing period was more in Kanyakumari compared to Kasaragod as a result performance of rubber with respect to growth and yield was better in Kanyakumari than Kasaragod. Factor analysis showed that soil health (OC) and cation (Ca and Mg) factors showed significant role in performance of rubber in Kanyakumari, whereas in Kasaragod only topographic factors i.e., elevation showed significant role in rubber performance

Enzymes of Ammonia Assimilation in Fungi: An Overview

Nitrogen is a major element found in many of the simple compounds and nearly all of the complex macromolecules of living cells. Nitrogen can be obtained either from organic source or inorganic source but ultimately it is converted into ammonia and glutamate. Ammonia is the preferred   source of nitrogen. The assimilation of ammonia into glutamate and glutamine plays a central role in the nitrogen metabolism of all organisms. Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), Glutamate synthase (GOGAT), and glutamine synthetase (GS) are the key enzymes involved in ammonia assimilation. The specific steps in these pathways vary with the organism, but in virtually all cells glutamate (85%) and glutamine (15%) serve as the nitrogen donors for biosynthetic reactions. In fungi lot of work has been carried out on these enzymes from lower fungi to the higher ones and there are differences in the role played by theses enzymes. Thus knowledge of the formation of glutamate and glutamine from various nitrogen sources is crucial to our understanding of cell growth.  In this review an overall view of the elements present in ammonia assimilation especially in fungi will be carried out along with recent developments and concepts

Analisis Kesediaan Membayar Pengunjung terhadap Paket Wisata Pendidikan Lingkungan di Taman Wisata Alam Wira Garden Kota Bandar Lampung

Lampung is province in Indonesia which is trying to generate income through tourism sectors. One of them is Wira Garden Nature Park (TWA). Wira Garden is located in Bandar Lampung. Activities from tourist increasly effects increase garbage that impact on aesthetics and environmental quality in Wira Garden. So that, takes antourism program based on environmental education. That is able to educate visitors so visitors will participated in activities that aim to promote concern in environment, especially nature tourism. Focus of planning an tourism program based on environmental education is creating environmental education packages, by two activities are planting trees and deposit garbage (deposit refund). Manager of Wira Garden collaborate with BSCH (Bank Sampah Cangkir Hijau) to build garbage deposit program (deposit refund). Environmental education programs in Wira Garden is realized into three types options that are (Personal Green), (Garden Family) and (Jungle Community). Funding for this program is expected from income of (WTP) Willingness to Pay from visitors in Wira Garden

Growth and yield of new generation clones of Hevea under the agroclimate of sub-Himalayan West Bengal

Five rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) clones of the RRII 400 series derived from a cross involving RRII 105 and RRIC 100, along with five other popular clones viz. PB 217, RRII 176, RRII 203, RRII 105 and RRIM 600, were evaluated in Jalpaiguri district of sub- Himalayan West Bengal. Growth of clones in the immature and mature phases, rubber yield over seven years of tapping, biomass and timber yield were recorded for assessing the suitability of clones to the region. Clones RRII 429, RRII 417 and RRII 203 were superior in performance in the region compared to the recommended clone RRIM 600. Estimates of genetic parameters revealed comparatively high heritability and scope for improvement of rubber yield by selection

Penerapan “Strategy Based Student\u27s Request” Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas XI IPA 3 Sman 8 Surakarta Pada Pembelajaran Biologi Tahun Ajaran 2009/2010

Tujuan penelitian yaitu meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa dan aktivitas belajar siswa sebagai wujud peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa kelas XI IPA 3 SMAN 8 Surakarta pada pembelajaran biologi tahun ajaran 2009/2010. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan subyek penelitian siswa kelas XI IPA 3 SMAN 8 Surakarta tahun ajaran 2009/2010 yang berjumlah 37 siswa. Penelitian terdiri dari dua siklus dan tiap siklus terdiri dari 4 tahap meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu metode wawancara, observasi, dan angket. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Strategy Based Student\u27s request dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar dan aktivitas belajar siswa pada pembelajaran biologi. Persentase rata-rata dari indikator motivasi belajar siswa berdasarkan data lembar observasi pada pra siklus sebesar 46,49%, siklus I sebesar 84,31% dan siklus II sebesar 85,13%. Persentase rata-rata dari indikator aktivitas belajar siswa berdasarkan data lembar observasi pada pra siklus sebesar 30,72%, siklus I sebesar 79,14% dan siklus II sebesar 86,87%. Persentase rata-rata dari indikator motivasi belajar siswa berdasarkan data angket pada pra siklus sebesar 67,45%, siklus I sebesar 80,79% dan siklus II sebesar 80,18%. Persentase rata-rata dari indikator aktivitas belajar siswa berdasarkan data angket pada pra siklus sebesar 67,73%, siklus I sebesar 80,89% dan siklus II sebesar 80,45%. Kata

Recent advances in plant derived vaccine antigens against human infectious diseases

The use of plants for the production of vaccine is one of the important applications in the modern medicine. There are many advantages of using plants as the production system compared to traditional mammalian system. Many plant species have been exploited to accumulate vaccine antigens for human infectious diseases, and vaccine candidates are approaching the market. The transgenic plants are considered as cheap source and found alternative approach to fermentation for large-scale production of vaccine antigens. The autotrophic growth of plants requires only soil minerals, water, nitrogen, sunlight energy for the synthesis of vaccine antigens. Therefore, vaccine production by using plants is one of the cheap and efficient technologies. This review covers the recent advances of plant derived vaccine antigens for the prevention of human infectious diseases and focuses on the current methods

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles from in vitro derived plants and callus cultures of Costus speciosus (Koen.); Assessment of antibacterial activity

This study demonstrates for the first time the efficiencies of in vitro derived plantsand callus cultures of Costus speciosus extract in the rapid biosynthesis of stable silve rnanoparticles. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles may be influenced directly or indirectly byphytochemicals in plants such as phenolics, flavonoids, and diosgenin compounds. Thisstudy also highlights a cost effective and environment friendly technique for green synthesisof silver nanoparticles. These silver nanoparticles were found to be highly toxic againstdifferent multi drug resistant clinical samples such as gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, and the gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. This also provides evidence for developing large scale commercial productionof value-added products for biomedical / nanotechnology based industries, which is animportant step in the field of application of nanotechnology