Protection from ultraviolet damage and photocarcinogenesis by vitamin d compounds

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020. Exposure of skin cells to UV radiation results in DNA damage, which if inadequately repaired, may cause mutations. UV-induced DNA damage and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species also cause local and systemic suppression of the adaptive immune system. Together, these changes underpin the development of skin tumours. The hormone derived from vitamin D, calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) and other related compounds, working via the vitamin D receptor and at least in part through endoplasmic reticulum protein 57 (ERp57), reduce cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and oxidative DNA damage in keratinocytes and other skin cell types after UV. Calcitriol and related compounds enhance DNA repair in keratinocytes, in part through decreased reactive oxygen species, increased p53 expression and/or activation, increased repair proteins and increased energy availability in the cell when calcitriol is present after UV exposure. There is mitochondrial damage in keratinocytes after UV. In the presence of calcitriol, but not vehicle, glycolysis is increased after UV, along with increased energy-conserving autophagy and changes consistent with enhanced mitophagy. Reduced DNA damage and reduced ROS/RNS should help reduce UV-induced immune suppression. Reduced UV immune suppression is observed after topical treatment with calcitriol and related compounds in hairless mice. These protective effects of calcitriol and related compounds presumably contribute to the observed reduction in skin tumour formation in mice after chronic exposure to UV followed by topical post-irradiation treatment with calcitriol and some, though not all, related compounds

3D Building Reconstruction Using Dense Photogrammetric Point Cloud

Three dimensional models of urban areas play an important role in city planning, disaster management, city navigation and other applications. Reconstruction of 3D building models is still a challenging issue in 3D city modelling. Point clouds generated from multi view images of UAV is a novel source of spatial data, which is used in this research for building reconstruction. The process starts with the segmentation of point clouds of roofs and walls into planar groups. By generating related surfaces and using geometrical constraints plus considering symmetry, a 3d model of building is reconstructed. In a refinement step, dormers are extracted, and their models are reconstructed. The details of the 3d reconstructed model are in LoD3 level, with respect to modelling eaves, fractions of roof and dormers

MISALIGNMENT CALIBRATION OF ULTRACAM D AND XP

Digital aerial cameras are near to become the predominant sensor for photogrammetric image acquisition. The technology of GPS and IMU integrated with a digital aerial camera is a complex procedure of aerial photography with possibility of decreasing number of necessary ground control points (GCPs) for aerial triangulation (AT). Moreover, direct georeferencing, which uses calculated parameters by GPS/IMU directly, is undertaken for a range of projects. In this regard determination of the geometric relationship between GPS, IMU and camera geometry is a significant factor. Also compensation of camera rotations during the flight, which is carried out by stabilizer, plays a principle role for its successful operation. This paper will discuss calculation of 3 requisite rotational connecting parameters of geometry of camera and GPS/IMU and revise the effect of height on them

The mediating role of resiliency in the relationship between dimensions of social support and self-care in patients with asthma

Background: Asthma, as a physical disease, is influenced by psychological problems, and resilience is a positive adaptation to reacting to adverse conditions. This study aimed to resolve the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between perceived social support and self-care in patients with asthma. Materials and Methods: Research method of the present study is a descriptive-correlational study based on structural equation modeling technique. The statistical population of the study was all patients with asthma in the specialized asthma clinic of Sayad Shirazi hospital in Gorgan (N=200). According to the sample size, 127 people were selected through the Grace-Morgan table and entered the study. The research instruments were Simet et al.'s (1988) perceived social support scale, Connor and Davidson (2003) resilience questionnaire, and Niknam et al.'s (2013) self-care behavior questionnaire. For data analysis, path analysis method was used in Amos and SPSS-24 software. (Dates and dar Dastres have been neglected) Results: The results of model analysis showed that the initial model has a good fit with the data. The study of mediating role showed that resilience has a significant mediating role in the relationship between perceived social support and self-care behavior, also. Conclusion: These findings indicate that resilience and perceived social support are variables upsetting self-care of patients with asthma. These results have important implications for psychopathology, prevention and treatment of patients with asthma

Analysis of Structural Equations in the Relationship of Marital Conflicts and Affective Security with Perceived Stress and Pregnancy Worries and Biological Indexes with the Mediation of Psychological Wellbeing in Pregnant Women.

Pregnancy is a phenomenon which can create psychological, cognitive, emotional and communicative problems for the pregnant women in case of insufficient attention. Therefore the present study was conducted to analyze structural equations in the relationship of marital conflicts and affective security with perceived stress and pregnancy worries and biologicla indexes with the mediation of psychological wellbeing in pregnant women. The research method was descriptive in correlational and structural equations type. The statistical population of this study included pregnant women who attended women and delivery clinics and the hospital in the town of Ramsar from January to March of 2018-19. The research sample included 300 pregnant women who were selected through available sampling method. The applied instruments included marital conflict questionnaire (Sanaei et.al, 2000), affective security scale (Cordova, Gee, Warren, 2005), perceived stress questionnaire (Cohen & al, 1983), pregnancy worries questionnaire (Alderdice, Lynn, 2011) and psychological wellbeing questionnaire (Ryff, 1996). The data analysis was conducted via Pearson correlation and structural equation methods after collecting the questionnaires. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the variables (p<0.001). Moreover, the mediation role of psychological wellbeing was proved in the relationship of marital conflicts and affective security with perceived stress and pregnancy worries and biological indexes in pregnant women. Regarding the mediation role of psychological wellbeing, it is necessary to provide and use a training package of psychological wellbeing for the women to improve affective security and biological indexes and decrease marital conflicts, perceived stress and pregnancy worries in the pregnant women.</p