TRANSATLANTIC TRADE AND INVESTMENT PARTNERSHIP (TTIP): IMPACT AND CORRELATION ANALYSIS BASED ON TRADE AND INVESTMENT BETWEEN TURKEY AND EU, AND THE USA

The main objective of this study is to ascertain the importance and necessity of Turkey, based on trade and investment, in TTIP agreement as a partner country with both European Union (EU) and the USA. Here, it uses secondary data sources — Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey (CBRT) and Turkish Statistical Institute — from 2001 to 2016. To obtain vibrant findings, the study introduces two statistical analyses: correlation and regression. In addition, it elucidates descriptive analysis for comprehending the general trade and investment scenario. The results derived from correlation suggest that there is a strong positive correlation between Turkey’s total foreign trade and its export to and import from EU and the USA, Turkey’s total FDI and EU’s FDI in Turkey, as well as Turkey’s total FDI and the USA’s FDI in Turkey. In addition, a strong positive correlation has been found between Turkey’s total resident FDI in abroad and Turkey’s FDI in EU and the USA. On the other hand, the regression results indicate that Turkey’s trade and investment with EU and the USA have a significant impact on Turkey’s total foreign trade and investmen

AZERBAIJAN – BANGLADESH: BILATERAL TRADE OPPORTUNITIES AND POTENTIAL EXPORTING SECTOR FOR AZERBAIJAN

Trade is an essential indicator for measuring a country’s economic condition. It is also an effective way of balancing goods and services among countries. No country in the modern world is self-sufficient in goods and services. That is the reason for emerging the economic concept of trade. The primary purpose of the study is to analyse the trade opportunities between Azerbaijan and Bangladesh, as well as to demonstrate the potential resurrection of cotton industry as an important export sector in Azerbaijan. The whole analysis relies on secondary data, such as articles, newspapers, and websites—mainly the International Trade Centre (ITC) and the State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The study concludes that there is an opportunity for potential bilateral trade relation between Azerbaijan and Bangladesh based on their export and import items. In addition, the cotton industry has an enormous potentiality to become an important export sector in Azerbaijan

Analysis of Europe's First Fully-Fledged Islamic Digital Bank in the Arena of New Age Banking

The study aims to provide the first systematic account of Europe's first fully-fledged digital Islamic banking service and review in detail with the available information. It explains the new-age banking concept and theory as well as identifies the role of insha in digital trends. The research primarily focuses on the concept of new-age banking and demonstrates the application of this concept by scrutinizing an Islamic digital banking platform. It selects ‘insha’, a digital banking service platform [in other words, Bank-as-a-Service platform] that provides digital banking services in Europe, as a case for this study. The study reveals two Tiers of the new age banking: Tier I NAB brought cost efficiency by reducing personnel expenses by replacing the workforce, and Tier II NAB has come front to reduce personnel expenses by replacing workforce intelligence directly. Besides, it also discloses four aspects of new-age banking: i) Accessibility, ii) Cost Advantage, iii) Time Efficiency, and iv) Security. On the other hand, the study shows the application of new-age banking by spotlighting an Islamic digital bank, insha, which experienced significant tractions within two months of inauguration, and the app has been downloaded over 9,000 times. This paper provides an excellent case, insha, to comprehend the concept of new-age banking, and manifests how it could facilitate customers to access the banking platform

Crude oil, natural gas, and economic growth: impact and causality analysis in Caspian Sea region

The main objective of this study was to investigate the impact and causality of crude oil and natural gas on economic growth in the Caspian Sea region. Here, the study applies ordinary least square (OLS) method and Granger causality test using time series data from 1997 to 2015 to ascertain the impact and causality of crude oil and natural gas on economic growth. The results, according to the OLS method, evince that crude oil and natural gas have a significant impact on economic growth of the region. Alongside, considering causality test, gross domestic product (GDP) does Granger cause (unidirectional) crude oil price and export which denotes that GDP can help to forecast crude oil price and export; however, crude oil price and export cannot help to forecast GDP. Surprisingly, this direction is unlikely for GDP and natural gas. GDP and natural gas have unidirectional, but opposite causal relationship, i.e., natural gas price and export do Granger cause GDP which signify that natural gas price and export can help to forecast GDP; however, GDP cannot help to forecast crude oil price and export