OBESITY AS A SPECIFIC OBSTACLE SUSTAINABLE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Аnnotation. At present, significant growth in the number of persons suffering from overweight is a serious problem for sustainable socio-economic development at the state, regional and municipal levels. In this regard great scientific and practical importance is the improvement of the methodology for applied studies of the extent and prevalence of obesity, as well as of losses caused by the deepening of such a negative process

THE FEATURES OF STATISTICAL CHARACTERISTICS TERRORISM ON TRANSPORT

Terrorism in transport as a special type of terrorism has in fact become a multifaceted and rapidly spreading phenomenon of modern social life, which cannot and should not remain outside the field of statistical science and practice. It is unlikely that a statistical estimate of transport terrorism can be derived from one or more private indicators. This is likely to require a system of statistical indicators, where individual elements occupy a well-defined place and complement each other consistently. In this case, the number of terrorist acts committed in public transport, for a certain period of time or a year, as well as the damage caused to society should be taken into account

OBESITY AS A SPECIFIC OBSTACLE SUSTAINABLE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Аnnotation. At present, significant growth in the number of persons suffering from overweight is a serious problem for sustainable socio-economic development at the state, regional and municipal levels. In this regard great scientific and practical importance is the improvement of the methodology for applied studies of the extent and prevalence of obesity, as well as of losses caused by the deepening of such a negative process

Nonlinear evolution of short-wavelength torsional Alfvén waves

We analyze nonlinear evolution of torsional Alfvén waves in a straight magnetic flux tube filled in with a low-β plasma, and surrounded with a plasma of lower density. Such magnetic tubes model, in particular, a segment of a coronal loop or a polar plume. The wavelength is taken comparable to the tube radius. We perform a numerical simulation of the wave propagation using ideal magnetohydrodynamics. We find that a torsional wave nonlinearly induces three kinds of compressive flows: the parallel flow at the Alfvén speed, which constitutes a bulk plasma motion along the magnetic field, the tube wave, and also transverse flows in the radial direction, associated with sausage fast magnetoacoustic modes. In addition, the nonlinear torsional wave steepens and its propagation speed increases. The latter effect leads to the progressive distortion of the torsional wave front, i.e., nonlinear phase mixing. Because of the intrinsic non-uniformity of the torsional wave amplitude across the tube radius, the nonlinear effects are more pronounced in regions with higher wave amplitudes. They are always absent at the axes of the flux tube. In the case of a linear radial profile of the wave amplitude, the nonlinear effects are localized in an annulus region near the tube boundary. Thus, the parallel compressive flows driven by torsional Alfvén waves in the solar and stellar coronae, are essentially non-uniform in the perpendicular direction. The presence of additional sinks for the wave energy reduces the efficiency of the nonlinear parallel cascade in torsional Alfvén waves

STATISTICS AS INSTRUMENT OF COUNTERACTION TO INDIVIDUAL TERRORISM

The statistics applied in the international practice have universal character and, according to authors of article, can be applied in relation to individual terrorism. Authors come to a conclusion that in this case not only the number of individually conducted terrorist attacks in a year will be taken into consideration (or for any other period of time), but also that damage which was caused (a death toll and the wounded and cumulative damages of material property as a result of individual terrorist attacks). The research conducted by authors showed that similar approach allows to receive a general characteristic of scales and consequences of individual terrorism in society

STATISTICS AS INSTRUMENT OF COUNTERACTION TO INDIVIDUAL TERRORISM

The statistics applied in the international practice have universal character and, according to authors of article, can be applied in relation to individual terrorism. Authors come to a conclusion that in this case not only the number of individually conducted terrorist attacks in a year will be taken into consideration (or for any other period of time), but also that damage which was caused (a death toll and the wounded and cumulative damages of material property as a result of individual terrorist attacks). The research conducted by authors showed that similar approach allows to receive a general characteristic of scales and consequences of individual terrorism in society

Sphinx measurements of the 2009 solar minimum x-ray emission

The SphinX X-ray spectrophotometer on the CORONAS-PHOTON spacecraft measured soft X-ray emission in the 1-15 keV energy range during the deep solar minimum of 2009 with a sensitivity much greater than GOES. Several intervals are identified when the X-ray flux was exceptionally low, and the flux and solar X-ray luminosity are estimated. Spectral fits to the emission at these times give temperatures of 1.7-1.9 MK and emission measures between 4 x 10^47 cm^-3 and 1.1 x 10^48 cm^-3. Comparing SphinX emission with that from the Hinode X-ray Telescope, we deduce that most of the emission is from general coronal structures rather than confined features like bright points. For one of 27 intervals of exceptionally low activity identified in the SphinX data, the Sun's X-ray luminosity in an energy range roughly extrapolated to that of ROSAT (0.1-2.4 keV) was less than most nearby K and M dwarfs.Comment: Astrophysical Journal, in press. 14 pp, 3 figure