Entropy Production During Hadronization of a Quark-Gluon Plasma

We revisit the physical pictures for the hadronization of quark-gluon plasma, concentrating on the problem of entropy production during processes where the number of degrees of freedom is seemingly reduced due to color confinement. Based on observations on Regge trajectories we propose not having an infinite tower of hadronic resonances. We discuss possible entropy production mechanisms far from equilibrium in terms of stochastic dynamics.Comment: Submitted to EPJ A Topical Issue on "Frontiers in nuclear, heavy ion and strong field physics", in memoriam Walter Greine

Spectral emissivity of metals after damage by particle impact

The reflectance, R, solar absorption, alpha, thermal emittance epsilon, and the alpha/epsilon ratio were determined for several metals before and after bombardment by high velocity microprojectiles. Observed decreases of 1 to 26 percent in the reflectance of various metals were apparently dependent on the amount of surface area damaged as well as on the velocity of the impinging projectiles. The thermal emittance was observed to increase more than the solar absorptance, which resulted in a net decrease in the alpha/epsilon ratio in all metals investigated except stainless steel 304. In the case of stainless steel 304, alpha and epsilon were observed to increase equally, resulting in an alpha/epsilon ratio apparently insensitive to microprojectile bombardment. Recommendations for the continuation of these investigations are outlined

Resource requirements and speed versus geometry of unconditionally secure physical key exchanges

The imperative need for unconditional secure key exchange is expounded by the increasing connectivity of networks and by the increasing number and level of sophistication of cyberattacks. Two concepts that are information theoretically secure are quantum key distribution (QKD) and Kirchoff-law-Johnson-noise (KLJN). However, these concepts require a dedicated connection between hosts in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks which can be impractical and or cost prohibitive. A practical and cost effective method is to have each host share their respective cable(s) with other hosts such that two remote hosts can realize a secure key exchange without the need of an additional cable or key exchanger. In this article we analyze the cost complexities of cable, key exchangers, and time required in the star network. We mentioned the reliability of the star network and compare it with other network geometries. We also conceived a protocol and equation for the number of secure bit exchange periods needed in a star network. We then outline other network geometries and trade-off possibilities that seem interesting to explore.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures, MDPI Entrop

Vibration-Induced Conductivity Fluctuation (VICOF) Testing of Soils

In this Letter, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a simple method to provide additional in-formation by conductivity measurements of soils. The AC electrical conductance of the soil is measured while it is exposed to a periodic vibration. The vibration-induced density fluctuation implies a corresponding conductivity fluctuation that can be seen as combination frequency components, the sum and the difference of the mean AC frequency and the double of vibration frequency, in the current response. The method is demonstrated by measurements on clayey and sandy soils

The Role of Food Physics in Fulfilment the Expectations of Up-to-Date Food Technologies and Biotechnologies to Use a Well Balanced Nutrition

The paper deals with some topics of important aspects of food safety and application of principles of food physics in the sector of agriculture, food technology, biotechnology, including questions of well balanced nutrition, as well. One of the most important and widely applied field of biotechnology is the food technology. Food production and processing of quality food and safe food are today of primary importance. Food production is based on the principles of GAP, GMP and GHP. Recently the industrial food processing is focused dominantly on the quality, and one of the basic requirements of the quality is the safety. There are various methods and techniques to produce safe food. The modern food technologies and quality measurements (quality control, quality assurance) involve the application of different physical methods - e.g. high pressure, pulsing electrical field, nondestructive techniques (e.g. NMR, NIR-NIT, PAS, INAA) for chemical composition determination, radiation techniques, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis (RO) - as well. Using e.g. ionizing radiation (nuclear methods) and non-ionizing radiation technologies it is possible to fulfil a lot of important expectations: decrease of microbial contamination, improve of sensory properties, increase of storability, etc. The paper deals with questions of up-to-date, with sport motion combined diet, helping in keeping the health, as well. In the last decades a lot of information were distributed concerning several viewpoints of bodyweight reduction and optimation of bodymaa. How should we know that it is useful and not unhealthy? A suitable Nutrition software (AOPNEI, Analysing and Optimation Program for Nourishment and Energy Intake) - developed at the Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition of the Faculty of Food Science, Corvinus University - can help

Early occipital sensitivity to syntactic category is based on form typicality

Syntactic factors can rapidly affect behavioral and neural responses during language processing; however, the mechanisms that allow this rapid extraction of syntactically relevant information remain poorly understood. We addressed this issue using magnetoencephalography and found that an unexpected word category (e.g., “The recently princess . . . ”) elicits enhanced activity in visual cortex as early as 120 ms after exposure, and that this activity occurs as a function of the compatibility of a word’s form with the form properties associated with a predicted word category. Because no sensitivity to linguistic factors has been previously reported for words in isolation at this stage of visual analysis, we propose that predictions about upcoming syntactic categories are translated into form-based estimates, which are made available to sensory cortices. This finding may be a key component to elucidating the mechanisms that allow the extreme rapidity and efficiency of language comprehension