Elastic State Induced Energy Gap Variation in ZnTe/ZnMgTe Core/Shell Nanowires

The zinc telluride (ZnTe) nanowires grown recently are covered with the ZnMgTe shell. As a result of addition of magnesium the ZnMgTe lattice is expanded with respect to pure ZnTe lattice. From the lattice mismatch between the ZnMgTe shell and ZnTe nanowire core the internal strain and stress are created. Depending on the shell thickness and the Mg content in the shell the optical emission exhibits a considerable energy shift. To estimate this effect, at least qualitatively, the elastic state of the nanowire is calculated.An analysis of the state of strain and stress in the core-shell nanowire within linear elasticity, using an analogy with thermal stresses is presented, in the similar way as it is applied, e.g. in hygro-mechanics. The suitable system of the differential Lam´e-Navier’s type equations is derived, and its solution for the axially symmetric problem is given. The jump of stress at the core-shell boundary is determined

Off-axis electron holography of magnetic nanostructures: magnetic behavior of Mn rich nanoprecipitates in (Mn,Ga)As system

The Lorentz off-axis electron holography technique is applied to study the magnetic nature of Mn rich nanoprecipitates in (Mn,Ga)As system. The effectiveness of this technique is demonstrated in detection of the magnetic field even for small nanocrystals having an average size down to 20 nm.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure

It is written in the eyes: inferences from pupil size and gaze orientation shape interpersonal liking

Action Contro

The Role of Emotion Projection, Sexual Desire, and Self-Rated Attractiveness in the Sexual Overperception Bias

A consistent finding in the literature is that men overperceive sexual interest in women (i.e., sexual overperception bias). Several potential mechanisms have been proposed for this bias, including projecting one’s own interest onto a given partner, sexual desire, and self-rated attractiveness. Here, we examined the influence of these factors in attraction detection accuracy during speed-dates. Sixty-seven participants (34 women) split in four groups went on a total of 10 speed-dates with all opposite-sex members of their group, resulting in 277 dates. The results showed that attraction detection accuracy was reliably predicted by projection of own interest in combination with participant sex. Specifically, men were more accurate than women in detecting attraction when they were not interested in their partner compared to when they were interested. These results are discussed in the wider context of arousal influencing detection of partner attraction

Multimodal mate choice: Exploring the effects of sight, sound, and scent on partner choice in a speed-date paradigm

When people meet a potential partner for the first time, they are confronted with multiple sources of information, encompassing different modalities, that they can use to determine whether this partner is suitable for them or not. While visual attractiveness has widely been studied with regard to partner choice, olfactory and auditory cues have received less attention, even though they might influence the attitudes that people have towards their partner. Therefore, in this study, we employed a combination of pre-date multimodal rating tasks followed by speed-date sessions. This offered a naturalistic setup to study partner choice and disentangle the relative effects of a priori attractiveness ratings of sight, scent and sound on date success. Visual attractiveness ratings showed a strong positive correlation with propensity to meet the partner again, while the effects of olfactory and auditory attractiveness were negligible or not robust. Furthermore, we found no robust sex differences in the importance of the three modalities. Our findings underscore the relative importance of visual attractiveness in initial mate choice, but do not corroborate the idea that static pre-date measures of auditory and olfactory attractiveness can predict first date outcomes

Multimodal mate choice: exploring the effects of sight, sound, and scent on partner choice in a speed-date paradigm

Action Contro

Gluon scattering in N=4{\cal N}=4 Super Yang-Mills at finite temperature

We extend the AdS/CFT prescription of Alday and Maldacena to finite temperature $T$, defining the amplitude for gluon scattering in ${\cal N}=4$ Super Yang-Mills at strong coupling from string theory. It is defined by a lightlike ''Wilson loop'' living at the horizon of the T-dual to the black hole in AdS space. Unlike the zero temperature case, this is different from the Wilson loop contour defined at the boundary of the AdS black hole metric, thus at finite $T$ there is no relation between gluon scattering amplitudes and the Wilson loop. We calculate the amplitude at strong coupling for forward scattering of a low energy gluon ($E<T$) off a high energy gluon ($E\gg T$) in both cut-off and generalized dimensional regularization. The generalized dimensional regularization is defined in string theory as an IR modified dimensional reduction. For this calculation, the corresponding usual Wilson loop is related to the jet quenching parameter of the finite temperature ${\cal N}=4$ SYM plasma, while the gluon scattering amplitude is related to the viscosity coefficient.Comment: 33 pages, 9 figures; clarifications of some points added, reference adde

A comparative framework of inter-individual coordination and pair-bonding

Inter-individual coordination (IIC) at the behavioral and physiological level, and its association with courtship and pair-bond maintenance, have been receiving increased attention in the scientific literature in recent years. However, there is no integrative framework combining the plethora of findings in humans and nonhuman species yet that addresses the evolutionary origins of IIC. Here, we take a comparative approach and review findings on the link between IIC and pair-bond formation, maintenance, and bi-parental care. Our review suggests that across socially monogamous species, IIC – at a behavioral and physiological level – is correlated with the likelihood of forming and retaining a pair-bond, and with reproductive success. We expand on the pair-bonding hypothesis by stating that higher levels of IIC might be beneficial for relationship quality and bi-parental care and, as a result, might also become a preferred trait in the formation and maintenance of a pair-bond. We further discuss the key questions to disentangle the evolution of IIC based on this hypothesis

No immediate attentional bias towards or choice bias for male secondary sexual characteristics in Bornean orang-utans (Pongo pygmaeus)

Primate faces provide information about a range of variant and invariant traits, including some that are relevant for mate choice. For example, faces of males may convey information about their health or genetic quality through symmetry or facial masculinity. Because perceiving and processing such information may have bearing on the reproductive success of an individual, cognitive systems are expected to be sensitive to facial cues of mate quality. However, few studies have investigated this topic in non-human primate species. Orang-utans are an interesting species to test mate-relevant cognitive biases, because they are characterised by male bimaturism: some adult males are fully developed and bear conspicuous flanges on the side of their face, while other males look relatively similar to females. Here, we describe two non-invasive computerised experiments with Bornean orang-utans (Pongo pygmaeus), testing (i) immediate attention towards large flanges and symmetrical faces using a dot-probe task (N = 3 individuals; 2F) and (ii) choice bias for pictures of flanged males over unflanged males using a preference test (N = 6 individuals; 4F). In contrast with our expectations, we found no immediate attentional bias towards either large flanges or symmetrical faces. In addition, individuals did not show a choice bias for stimuli of flanged males. We did find exploratory evidence for a colour bias and energy efficiency trade-offs in the preference task. We discuss our null results and exploratory results in the context of the evolutionary history of Bornean orang-utans, and provide suggestions for a more biocentric approach to the study of orang-utan cognition

Reading emotional faces in deaf and hard-of-hearing and typically hearing children

Pathways through Adolescenc