Results of the paleostomatological researches

Hungarian paleostomatology as the part of dental anthropology exists since the middle of the last century, together with the paleodontical research in the world. The name paleostomatology comes from a Hungarian scientist, György Huszár. The article has the following chapters: Introduction (what is paleostomatology, and its importance), First studies in the world, Nomenclature, The bases of Hungarian paleostomatology, Pioneers of paleostomatological studies in Hungary, Era of the study of caries and other fields of Hungarian paleostomatology, and Hungarian paleostomatology today. The most important representatives of the field are Árkövy, Bruszt, Hillebrand, Huszár, Iszlai, M Lenhossék, Schranz, Tóth, and many anthropologists, doctors, dentists and other scientists. The most researched topics are dental morphology and dental caries but the scientists deal with other fields, too, from an anthropological or medical point of view, such as the morphology and pathology of the facial bones, the alveolar changes, the tooth morphology and variations, the developmental anomalies, the dental attrition, the articulation of dentitions, and so on. In the last couple of years the level of methodology have also corresponded to international needs

Supernumerary occlusal cusps on permanent human teeth

Supernumerary (central) cusps that appear on the occlusal surface of the teeth have already been grouped by many authors. The most comprehensive grouping of central cusps on the premolars is that by Schulze (1987). However, different central cusp forms may occur on the molar teeth, and cusp-like protrusions may also develop on the incisors and the canines. In the present work, plaster casts of the teeth of 500 orthodontic patients (250 males and 250 females) were examined for central cusps at the above departments. The central cusps appeared on the dentition of 47.6% of the investigated Hungarian population . From a total of 13,79 3 teeth examined , 501 (3.69% ) were observed to display a central cusp. The teeth most often affected were the mandibular first premolars (11.6%). A new central cusp form , the "margoid central cusp formation," was noted

Toward reliable morphology assessment of thermosets via physical etching: Vinyl ester resin as an example

The morphology of peroxide-cured, styrene crosslinked, bisphenol A-based vinyl ester (VE) resin was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) after ‘physical’ etching with different methods. Etching was achieved by laser ablation, atmospheric plasma treatment and argon ion bombardment. Parameters of the etching were varied to get AFM scans of high topography resolution. VE exhibited a nanoscaled nodular structure the formation of which was ascribed to complex intra- and intermolecular reactions during crosslinking. The microstructure resolved after all the above physical etching techniques was similar provided that optimized etching and suitable AFM scanning conditions were selected. Nevertheless, with respect to the ‘morphology visualization’ these methods follow the power ranking: argon bombardment > plasma treatment > laser ablation