23 research outputs found

    IntĂ©rĂȘt des laits fermentĂ©s chez l'enfant diarrhĂ©ique malnutri

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    L'objectif de cette Ă©tude Ă©tait de comparer, chez des enfants diarrhĂ©iques malnutris, l'effet thĂ©rapeutique d'un yaourt manufacturĂ© Ă  flore vivante et d'un lait fermentĂ© enrichi prĂ©parĂ© de façon artisanale (soow). De novembre 1988 Ă  juillet 1989, 50 enfants non sevrĂ©s prĂ©sentant une diarrhĂ©e aigĂŒe associĂ©e Ă  une malnutrition (indice poids/taille < 80 % des rĂ©fĂ©rences NCHS) ont Ă©tĂ© admis dans l'Ă©tude; la rĂ©partition entre les groupes (soow contre yaourt) a Ă©tĂ© faite par tirage au sort et les deux groupes Ă©taient comparables pour la rĂ©habilitation nutritionnelle de ces enfants; le gain de poids moyen a Ă©tĂ© de 16 g/kg/j et le protocole n'a jamais dĂ» ĂȘtre interrompu du fait d'une aggravation de la diarrhĂ©e ou d'une perte de poids. Sur le plan biologique, les rĂ©sultats confirment l'intĂ©rĂȘt du dosage de la transthyrĂ©tine associĂ© Ă  celui des protĂ©ines inflammatoires pour l'Ă©valuation et le suivi du dĂ©ficit nutritionnel. L'ensemble de ces rĂ©sultats suggĂšre que la rĂ©alimentation prĂ©coce Ă  l'aide de laits fermentĂ©s enrichis, associĂ©e Ă  la rĂ©hydratation orale, apparaĂźt comme bĂ©nĂ©fique en cas de diarrhĂ©e aiguĂ« associĂ©e Ă  une malnutrition. (RĂ©sumĂ© d'auteur

    Dielectric relaxations in PEEK by combined dynamic dielectric spectroscopy and thermally stimulated current

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    The molecular dynamics of a quenched poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK) was studied over a broad frequency range from 10-3 to 106 Hz by combining dynamic dielectric spectroscopy (DDS) and thermo-stimulated current (TSC) analysis. The dielectric relaxation losses e00 KK has been determined from the real part e0 T(x) thanks to Kramers–Kronig transform. In this way, conduction and relaxation processes can be analyzed independently. Two secondary dipolar relaxations, the c and the b modes, corresponding to non-cooperative localized molecular mobility have been pointed out. The main a relaxation appeared close to the glass transition temperature as determined by DSC; it has been attributed to the delocalized cooperative mobility of the free amorphous phase. The relaxation times of dielectric relaxations determined with TSC at low frequency converge with relaxation times extracted from DDS at high frequency. This correlation emphasized continuity of mobility kinetics between vitreous and liquid state. The dielectric spectroscopy exhibits the ac relaxation, near 443 K, which has been associated with the rigid amorphous phase confined by crystallites. This present experiment demonstrates coherence of the dynamics of the PEEK heterogeneous amorphous phase between glassy and liquid state and significantly improve the knowledge of molecular/dynamic structure relationships

    Dielectric measurements in large frequency and temperature ranges of an aromatic polymer

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    The characterization of the BPDA/PDA polyimide (PI) at high temperature up to 400 °C, thanks to dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS) in the 10-1 Hz to 106 Hz frequency range, allows the determination of the dc electrical conductivity (σdc). In such a high temperature range, the dielectric spectra are modified by the extrinsic electrode polarization phenomenon (EP) response. A model is proposed which coupled to the DRS results allows evidencing and quantifying the effect of the EP. The proposed method gives a simple way to determine the intrinsic σdc values from the effective ac dielectric response, improving the accuracy and reducing the duration of measurement. For BPDA/PDA PI, the resulting σdc values range from 4 × 10-11 to 8 × 10-6 Ω-1 m-1 for temperatures between 200 and 400 °C, with an activation energy of the conduction phenomenon of 0.55 eV

    Electrical conduction in parylene HT: transient and steady-state analyses at high temperature

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