Gigantic Stomach: A Rare Manifestation of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is characterized by degeneration and atrophy of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles after a latent period of apparently normal development and function. The gastrointestinal manifestations start in the second decade of life and are mainly due to atrophy of smooth muscle layers. Refractory gastroparesis and chronic constipation can lead to severe gastric and small bowel dilatation, which can be life threatening. Here, we present a case of a 21-year-old male with a gigantic stomach secondary to DMD resolved with conservative management and no surgical intervention

Teacher Communication In Bruneian Secondary Science Classes: Wait-Time

A study was undertaken to (a) explain the wait-time that reflects the cognitive processes involved in the construction and reconstruction of knowledge in interpreting questions and then providing responses and (b) compare the mean wait-time taken by students with the wait-time intended by teachers, in both theory and practical classes in Bruneian secondary schools. The recorded wait-time was explained using the construction and reconstruction model of human learning proposed by Anderson and Demetrius (1993). Wait-time differences between the theory and practical classes were found to be statistically significant. There was also a significant variation in the waittime for three different categories of response to the questions – viz. responses by the whole class, an individual student, and the teacher. The mean wait-time data recorded in this study resembles that previously reported elsewhere. However, the wait-time for nonbilingual Bruneian students learning science in a second language includes a component for language translation, which occurs during both the knowledge construction and reconstruction phases. Further research is recommended to (a) evaluate the optimum wait-time under the conditions that prevail in Bruneian science classes and (b) modify the existing information-processing model or to develop new models to explain knowledge construction and reconstruction in classes where non-bilingual students learn science in a second language

Band-Gap Tuning in Acceptor-Donor-Acceptor Boron Difluoride Formazanates

π-Conjugated molecules with acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) electronic structures are an important class of materials due to their tunable optoelectronic properties and applications in, for example, organic light-emitting diodes, nonlinear optical devices, and organic solar cells. The frontier molecular orbital energies, and thus band gaps, of these materials can be tuned by varying the donor and acceptor traits and π-electron counts of the structural components. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a series of A-D-A compounds consisting of BF2 formazanates as electron acceptors bridged by a variety of π-conjugated donors. The results, which are supported by DFT calculations, demonstrate rational control of optoelectronic properties and the ability to tune the corresponding band gaps. The narrowest band gaps (EgOpt= 1.38 eV and EgCV= 1.21 eV) were observed when BF2 formazanates and benzodithiophene units were combined. This study provides significant insight into the band-gap engineering of materials derived from BF2 formazanates and will inform their future development as semiconductors for use in organic electronics

Management of True Vaginal Prolapse in Bitch

True vaginal prolapse is a rare condition in bitch. It occurs majorly following parturition or during estrogen risei.e during estrous phase of the cycle. A two year old Grey Hound female was presented with true vaginal prolapse. The prolapse mass was largeandhyperemic. By reducing the size and with bilateral pressure we reposed the mass in. Modified Buhner sutures were applied. Hormonal therapy using HCG were given for four days. The bitch recovered eventually

A case of Dystocia due to Fetal Ascites in Murrah Buffalo

Dystocia in buffalo due to fetal causes is not common. However there are reports suggesting dystocia due to dropsical condition of fetus. Present case reports one of the fetal dropsical conditions in buffalo. In this case we report a successful management of dystocia due to fetal ascites in Murrah buffalo by incising the fetal abdomen to take out the fluid from peritoneum

The Intersection of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease—A Focus on New Therapies

Diabetes is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease and its associated morbidity. While the medical community has had access to numerous glucose lowering therapies over the last decades, it was not until recently that newer agents demonstrated improvement in cardiovascular outcomes. In particular, diabetes care and management of its attendant cardiovascular risk is now being revolutionized with the development and provision of the SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP1-receptor agonists. Given the exciting data with these new classes of diabetes therapeutics, there is a clear need to improve education and utilization of these evidence-based medications across a wide spectrum of clinicians, including cardiologists. The aim of this review is to familiarize the cardiovascular specialist with the benefits and harms of the most commonly used oral anti- hyperglycemic medications, with an emphasis on SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists