Marine invertebrate tissue culture techniques and its application in pearl production

Tissue culture, in general, is being carried out in various fields of medical and agricultural research. The study has been commenced since long back to understand the cell type, cell behaviour, cell structure, cell multiplication, cell reaction to drugs etc. It has become a vital tool in miCro pathological and immunological studies aiming at finding solutions to certain diseases. Plant tissue culture has reached an advanced stage of achieving an entire plant from a single cell. All these studies are concerned with plants/animals which are related to freshwater species

Exploitation of windowpane oyster Placuna placenta (Linnaeus)

Exploitation of molluscs, producing marine pearl was done for the collection of natural / cultured pearls only, whereas, the exploitation of windowpane oyster was mostly for their shells. The pearls obtained from wiiidowpane oyster, Placuna placenta were mostly ivory or white in colour and small in size. The translucent shells are commercially and economically important in shell craft industry. Hence they are exploited in large quantities from the east and west coast of India

Tissue culture in pearl oyster

The first work on cell culture in marine molluscs started since 1960s. Many researchers attempted to improve the culture media composition by adding vertebrate sera as growth factor. In primary cultures, the tissue dissociation methods and medium composition were frequently complemented with homologous and heterologous substanc

Studies on the growth of the marine microalga Dunaliella salina (Teodoresco)

The present paper reports on the growth pattern of Dunaliella salina cells cultured in different salinities and also in stressed conditions on exposure to mutagens (UV and PEG). The cultures were maintained in different salinities viz., 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 ppt for a period of two weeks in triplicates and the growth rate was monitored. The peak growth (14.29 lakhs) was observed in 35 ppt on eleventh day indicating the ideal salinity for the culture of this species. The cultures in mid-exponential growth phase were exposed to UV light for 30 and 60 minutes and PEG at four doses viz. 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 gm/ml. Poorest cell growth was observed for half an hour UV treated cultures (3.51 lakhs/ml). A proportionate decrease in cell count was noticed with increase in the concentration of PEG

Report of the Special Scientific Team to Andaman and Nicobar Islands to give research support to thrust areas in fisheries

Realising the importance and urgent need for judicious exploitation and utilization of the marine living resources of the Andaman and Nicobar seas, the Director General, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) as Chairman of the Central Coordinating Committee for Survery of Living Resources had recommended at the first meeting of the committee, held in May 1988 that the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) should depute its scientists to the Central Agricultural Research Institute for Andaman and Nicobar Islands (CARI), Port Blair on a fixed tenure basis to support the R&D thrust in fisheries in the region. Consequent to this, from 1-8 March 1989 the Director, CMFRI made a visit to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands to make an on-the-spot study of the potentials and possibilities for marine fisheries development in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of the Bay Islands. Special attention was paid to the requirements of CARI in marine fisheries research. The Director also met and discussed with senior policy and decision makers in the Andaman and Nicobar Administration. As a result, two scientific teams with specific objectives were constituted. This is the report of the first team

Interpretation of genotype x environment interaction and stability analysis for grain yield of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.)

Fourteen pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.) genotypes were evaluated for their yield performance at two locations during kharif season of 2009-10 and 2010-11. A significant genotypic difference for yield character was observed. Highly significant genotype–environment interaction indicated differential response of the genotypes to the environmental changes. The stability analysis showed significance of linear component of variation for grain yield. The genotypes TJT-501 (1728.667Kg/Ha) and GRG-2009-3 (1570.000 Kg/Ha) exhibited low meanperformance along with regression value nearer to unity (bi=1) and non significant deviation from regression (S2 di=0) indicating, the high stability and wider adaptability across the different environments. The genotype ICPH-2671 (3134.833 Kg/Ha) exhibited highest mean value and regression value (bi>1) and non significant deviation (S2 di < 0). But genotypes JKM-197 (3072.667 Kg/ha), GRG-2009 (29993.167 Kg/ha), TS-3R (2823.333 Kg / Ha) and ICP-8863 (2740.417 Kg/Ha) exhibited high mean performance but higher regression value (bi>1) and significant deviation (S2 di < 0) value indicating adapted for high performance environments showing these genotypes are sensitive to environments and give maximum yield when inputs are not limited

Marine pearl production: CMFRI develops tissue culture technology

Marine pearl production: CMFRI develops tissue culture technolog

Variation in the Biomolecular Interactions of Nickel(Ii) Hydrazone Complexes Upon Tuning the Hydrazide Fragment

Three new bivalent nickel hydrazone complexes have been synthesised from the reactions of [NiCl2(PPh3)(2)] with H2L {L = dianion of the hydrazones derived from the condensation of o-hydroxynaphthaldehyde with furoic acid hydrazide (H2L1) (1)/thiophene-2-acid hydrazide (H2L2) (2)/isonicotinic acid hydrazide (H2L3) (3)} and formulated as [Ni(L-1)(PPh3)] (4), [Ni(L-2)(PPh3)] (5) and [Ni(L-3)(PPh3)] (6). Structural characterization of these compounds 4-6 were accomplished by using various physico-chemical techniques. Single crystal X-ray diffraction data of complexes 4 and 5 proved their distorted square planar geometry. In order to ascertain the potential of the above synthesised compounds towards biomolecular interactions, additional experiments involving interaction with calf thymus DNA (CT DNA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were carried out. All the ligands and corresponding nickel(II) chelates have been screened for their scavenging effect towards O-2(-), OH and NO radicals. The efficiency of complexes 4-6 to arrest the growth of HeLa, HepG-2 and A431 tumour cell lines has been studied along with the cell viability test against the non-cancerous NIH 3T3 cells under in vitro conditions.University Grants Commission, New Delhi under the UGC-SAP-DRSRobert A. Welch Foundation F-0003Chemistr

A report on window pane oyster fishery in Tuticorin bay

The window pane oyster (Placenta placenta) are fished regularly for pearls and shells from Kakinada Bay of Andhra Pradesh and Okhamandal Coast of Gulf of Kutch

Marine pearl production

Pearls are harvested manually. Oysters are opened and pearls are squeezed out. In case 9,500 reuse, the pearls are removed carefully by opening the pearl- sac through the gonad without damaging it. The harvested pearls are washed in distilled water polished in refined salt and again washed in distilled wate