Design of a gastroretentive mucoadhesive dosage form of furosemide for controlled release

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to develop and characterize a gastroretentive dosage form suitable for controlled drug release. It consists of a drug loaded polymeric film made up of a bilayer of immediate (IR) and controlled release (CR) layers folded into a hard gelatin capsule. Gastroretention results from unfolding and swelling of the film and its bioadhesion to the gastric mucosa. Furosemide, a drug with a narrow absorption window, was selected as the model drug. Inclusion of hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin in both layers and Carbopol® 971P NF in the CR layer of the bilayer film resulted in optimum drug release, bioadhesion and mechanical properties. The film with zig-zag folding in the capsule was shown to unfold and swell under acidic conditions and provide IR of drug over 1h and CR for up to 12h in acidic medium. X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy revealed uniform dispersion of furosemide in the polymeric matrices. The results indicate the dosage form is gastroretentive and can provide controlled release of drugs with narrow therapeutic windows

A Rare Case of Homicide by Dual Method-Strangulation with Cut Throat: A Case Report

Background: Homicide is killing of a human being by another human being. Various methods like strangulation, cut throat, stabbing etc may be used for homicide; however combination of two mechanisms is rare.Case Report: hereby we present a rare case with unexpected appearance of two different mechanisms of homicide applied over same region, wherein body of a female was referred to us with history of cut throat. Body of the deceased was found near her house with cut throat injuries over front of neck, on examination cut throat injuries were present over neck along with ligature mark intermingling with them.Conclusion: The present case represents an unexpected rare association of two methods of homicide, as in this case of strangulation followed by cut throat. Correct Interpretation of cause of death with its manner in such case is very important, which needs meticulous post-mortem examination along with proper correlation with other information

Green synthesis and anxiolytic activity of some new dibenz-[1,4] diazepine-1-one analogues

AbstractA facile, green approach for the synthesis of some new dibenz[1,4]-diazepine-1-one by a three component reaction of Diamine, 1,3 diketone and aromatic aldehyde using oxalic acid as catalyst in water is described. The products are formed in good yields (92–94%). Newly synthesized dibenz [1,4]-diazepine-1-one analogues were evaluated for the anxiolytic activity by the elevated plus maze method. From the activity data it is observed that compounds, 4g, 4h and 4k show promising anxiolytic activity

Review on Chemistry and Pharmacological Significance of Triazole Derivatives

Triazole constitutes an important class of biologically active heterocyclic compounds that have received a great deal of attention of chemists, biologists, technologists and other specialists since their discovery. In recent years, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-fertility, anti-tubercular activity, antimicrobial activities, anti-cancer and anti-corrosion properties of triazoles have been published. Triazole is a unique moiety that is responsible for various biological active ties. This article highlighted Chemistry and research work of many researchers reported in literature for different pharmacological activities on synthesized Triazole

Microwave-assisted solvent-free one pot synthesis of isobenzofuran-1(3H)-ones using sulphamic acid catalyst

Use of sulphamic acid for the synthesis of isobenzofuran-1(3H)-ones from 2-carboxybenzaldehyde and substituted cyclic as well as non-cyclic ketones in good yield has been demonstrated. Sulphamic acid proved to be an excellent catalyst for this condensation reaction. Reaction has been carried out by both conventional and microwave methods

Sustained Release Dosage Form: A Concise Review

Now days as the expense and complications involved in marketing new drug entities are increased, with concomitant recognition of the therapeutic advantages of controlled drug delivery, greater attention has been focused on development of sustained or controlled release drug delivery systems (DDS). Hence we will change the area of focusing it is suitable to  designing sustained drug delivery is to reduce the frequency of dosing or to increase the effectiveness of the drug by localization at the site of action, reducing the dose required or providing uniform drug delivery. The design of oral sustained release DDS depends on various factors such as, physicochemical properties of drug, type of delivery system, disease being treated, and patient condition, and treatment duration, presence of food, gastrointestinal motility, and co-administration of other drugs

Rotating Speed Breaker Surface Aerator Sewage System

In this project we are trying to utilize one transport medium that is road speed breaker. Aeration of sewage in sewer pipeline's/ channel's carried out by replacing the traditional speed breakers with some simple mechanism. The present invention relates generally to mechanisms for infusing air from the atmosphere into Sewage network pipelines. In this project we are trying to utilize friction between tires and road pavement. As vehicles pass over the speed breakers, they rotates the rollers/rotar (hump of speed breaker) which are connected to a gear mechanism which further connected into sewer pipeline ,In this unit the paddles are connected which drains out the sewage. This method is an effective way to drained out the sewage in very less time as the numbers of vehicles on the road are ever increasing. Also the cost of fabrication of the model is low. It can be effectively placed near high volume traffic flow. This method provides an efficient way to clean the sewage by aeration process from the channel in very less time and having large discharge as compare to existing one from the kinetic energy of moving vehicles on roads