4,048 research outputs found
Efficiency of letrozole loaded PLGA nanoparticles on sex reversal of Poecilia reticulata (Peters, 1859)
Males of Poecilia reticulata showed extreme diversity in color, particularly of their fins, while the females lack the bright colors and are largely whitish. Such extreme variability of color and finnage lead to demand of males in the markets. The aim of present work was to develop a new Letrozole (LTZ)-loaded PLGA nanoparticles for effective delivery of the masculinization drug, letrozole, as an alternative to commercially available masculinization agents. The LTZ-loaded PLGA NPs were prepared by solvent displacement technique. The particle size of LTZ-loaded PLGA NPs was analyzed using LICOMP particle size analyzer and was found to be in the range of 72 nm to 520 nm with average size of 221.5±63.3 nm. Zeta potential was estimated to be about 21.35 mV with loading efficiency of 43.63±4.63 %. In the present study, a series of experiments were carried out to induce masculinization using LTZ-loaded PLGA nanoparticles during the sex differentiation period. Guppy (P. reticulate) fry were treated with LTZ-loaded PLGA nanoparticles at dosages 5, 25, 50 and 100 ppm/kg diet for 10, 15 and 30 days. The gonopodium index and GSI showed increasing order in male and female respectively with dose of LTZ-loaded nanoparticles. The results indicated an increase in the proportion of males with dosage and duration of treatment. This has been done for the first time using nanotechnology efficiently which has shown an increase in the male population of Poecilia reticulata with lesser dose of nano-encapsulated Letrozole (LTZ)-loaded PLGA nanoparticles drug as compared with naked control Letrozole (LTZ) drug delivery
HypTrails: A Bayesian Approach for Comparing Hypotheses About Human Trails on the Web
When users interact with the Web today, they leave sequential digital trails
on a massive scale. Examples of such human trails include Web navigation,
sequences of online restaurant reviews, or online music play lists.
Understanding the factors that drive the production of these trails can be
useful for e.g., improving underlying network structures, predicting user
clicks or enhancing recommendations. In this work, we present a general
approach called HypTrails for comparing a set of hypotheses about human trails
on the Web, where hypotheses represent beliefs about transitions between
states. Our approach utilizes Markov chain models with Bayesian inference. The
main idea is to incorporate hypotheses as informative Dirichlet priors and to
leverage the sensitivity of Bayes factors on the prior for comparing hypotheses
with each other. For eliciting Dirichlet priors from hypotheses, we present an
adaption of the so-called (trial) roulette method. We demonstrate the general
mechanics and applicability of HypTrails by performing experiments with (i)
synthetic trails for which we control the mechanisms that have produced them
and (ii) empirical trails stemming from different domains including website
navigation, business reviews and online music played. Our work expands the
repertoire of methods available for studying human trails on the Web.Comment: Published in the proceedings of WWW'1
Spectral and total radiation properties of turbulent carbon monoxide/air diffusion flames
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76724/1/AIAA-1986-294-399.pd
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Srs2 promotes synthesis-dependent strand annealing by disrupting DNA polymerase ÎŽ-extending D-loops.
Synthesis-dependent strand annealing (SDSA) is the preferred mode of homologous recombination in somatic cells leading to an obligatory non-crossover outcome, thus avoiding the potential for chromosomal rearrangements and loss of heterozygosity. Genetic analysis identified the Srs2 helicase as a prime candidate to promote SDSA. Here, we demonstrate that Srs2 disrupts D-loops in an ATP-dependent fashion and with a distinct polarity. Specifically, we partly reconstitute the SDSA pathway using Rad51, Rad54, RPA, RFC, DNA Polymerase ÎŽ with different forms of PCNA. Consistent with genetic data showing the requirement for SUMO and PCNA binding for the SDSA role of Srs2, Srs2 displays a slight but significant preference to disrupt extending D-loops over unextended D-loops when SUMOylated PCNA is present, compared to unmodified PCNA or monoubiquitinated PCNA. Our data establish a biochemical mechanism for the role of Srs2 in crossover suppression by promoting SDSA through disruption of extended D-loops
Periorbital necrotizing fasciitis in a case of lid and conjunctival amyloidosis
Necrotizing fasciitis is a severe, progressive, rapidly spreading infection of the subcutaneous soft tissue and underlying fascia. Periorbital necrotizing fasciitis is rare owing to the excellent blood supply of the area. Ocular amyloidosis is relatively uncommon- that of the eyelid is typically associated with systemic associations whereas amyloidosis of the conjunctiva is often localised with no other associations. Authors report a case of a 40-year-old female with a 4-year history of eyelid and conjunctival amyloidosis who presented with necrotic ulcers and eschars in the upper and lower lid with purulent discharge, conjunctival mass and a dry looking cornea in the left eye. She was a known case of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on treatment in the last 2 years. The presentation, investigations and management are described.
'Special Sport' for misfits and losers: educational triage and the constitution of schooled subjectivities
Achieving a highâdensity oleaginous yeast culture: Comparison of four processing strategies using <i>Metschnikowia pulcherrima</i>
Controlling Light Through Optical Disordered Media : Transmission Matrix Approach
We experimentally measure the monochromatic transmission matrix (TM) of an
optical multiple scattering medium using a spatial light modulator together
with a phase-shifting interferometry measurement method. The TM contains all
information needed to shape the scattered output field at will or to detect an
image through the medium. We confront theory and experiment for these
applications and we study the effect of noise on the reconstruction method. We
also extracted from the TM informations about the statistical properties of the
medium and the light transport whitin it. In particular, we are able to isolate
the contributions of the Memory Effect (ME) and measure its attenuation length
Single molecule experiments in biophysics: exploring the thermal behavior of nonequilibrium small systems
Biomolecules carry out very specialized tasks inside the cell where energies
involved are few tens of k_BT, small enough for thermal fluctuations to be
relevant in many biomolecular processes. In this paper I discuss a few concepts
and present some experimental results that show how the study of fluctuation
theorems applied to biomolecules contributes to our understanding of the
nonequilibrium thermal behavior of small systems.Comment: Proceedings of the 22nd Statphys Conference 2004 (Bangalore,India).
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