Simultaneous administration of adjuvant donor bone marrow in pancreas transplant recipients

Objective: The effect of donor bone marrow was evaluated for its potentially favorable effect in the authors' simultaneous pancreas/kidney transplant program. Methods: From July 1994 to January 1999, 177 pancreas transplants were performed, 151 of which were simultaneous pancreas/kidney transplants. All patients received tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and steroids for immunosuppression (azathioprine was used in the first year of the program). Fifty-three simultaneous pancreas/kidney transplant recipients received perioperative unmodified donor bone marrow, 3 to 6 x 108 cells/kg. Results: Overall actuarial survival rates at 1 and 3 years were 98% and 95% (patient), 95% and 87% (kidney), and 86% and 80% (pancreas), respectively. In the adjuvant bone marrow group, 1- and 3-year survival rates were 96% and 91% (patient), 95% and 87% (kidney), and 83% and 83% (pancreas), respectively. For 98 recipients who did not receive bone marrow, survival rates at 1 and 3 years were 100% and 98% (patient), 96% and 86% (kidney), and 87% and 79% (pancreas), respectively. No pancreas allografts were lost after 3 months in bone marrow recipients, and seven in the non-bone marrow recipients were lost to rejection at 0.7, 6.7, 8.8, 14.6, 24.1, 24.3, and 25.5 months. Twenty-two percent of bone marrow patients were steroid-free at 1 year, 45% at 2 years, and 67% at 3 years. Nineteen percent of the non-bone marrow recipients were steroid-free at 1 year, 38% at 2 years, and 45% (p = 0.02) at 3 years. The mean acute cellular rejection rate was 0.94 ± 1.1 in the bone marrow group and 1.57 ± 1.3 (p = 0.003) in the non-bone marrow group (includes borderline rejection and multiple rejections). The level of donor cell chimerism in the peripheral blood of bone marrow patients was at least two logs higher than in controls. Conclusion: In this series, which represents the largest experience with adjuvant bone marrow infusion in pancreas recipients, there was a higher steroid withdrawal rate (p = 0.02), fewer rejection episodes, and no pancreas graft loss after 3 months in bone marrow recipients compared with contemporaneous controls. All pancreas allografts lost to chronic rejection (n = 6) were in the non-bone marrow group. Donor bone marrow administered around the time of surgery may have a protective effect in pancreas transplantation

Langevin Trajectories between Fixed Concentrations

We consider the trajectories of particles diffusing between two infinite baths of fixed concentrations connected by a channel, e.g. a protein channel of a biological membrane. The steady state influx and efflux of Langevin trajectories at the boundaries of a finite volume containing the channel and parts of the two baths is replicated by termination of outgoing trajectories and injection according to a residual phase space density. We present a simulation scheme that maintains averaged fixed concentrations without creating spurious boundary layers, consistent with the assumed physics

Stable divisorial gonality is in NP

Divisorial gonality and stable divisorial gonality are graph parameters, which have an origin in algebraic geometry. Divisorial gonality of a connected graph $G$ can be defined with help of a chip firing game on $G$. The stable divisorial gonality of $G$ is the minimum divisorial gonality over all subdivisions of edges of $G$. In this paper we prove that deciding whether a given connected graph has stable divisorial gonality at most a given integer $k$ belongs to the class NP. Combined with the result that (stable) divisorial gonality is NP-hard by Gijswijt, we obtain that stable divisorial gonality is NP-complete. The proof consist of a partial certificate that can be verified by solving an Integer Linear Programming instance. As a corollary, we have that the number of subdivisions needed for minimum stable divisorial gonality of a graph with $n$ vertices is bounded by $2^{p(n)}$ for a polynomial $p$

Hubungan Kondisi Lingkungan Fisik Rumah Dengan Kejadian Pneumonia Pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Jatibarang Kabupaten Indramayu

Pneumonia still becomes a public health problems that causing pain and death on children, so that towards the older persons. In 2014 found 14.019 cases of Pneumonia that took place in Indramayu. This Pneumonia syndrome mostly happened and even takes a high rank of disease that attacks Jatibarang territory, which found 1.116 cases. The main goals of this observation is to analyze the correlation between house environment physically with the Pneumonia that involved children under five at Puskesmas (Public Health Centre) in Jatibarang Teritory, Indramayu. This observation is using Retrospective Study methode, Case – Control methode. Case group involved 38 respondents, and Control group 38 respondents. Whilst, Data Analysis is using Univariat and Bivariat analysis with Chi Square. And Risk Variable is using Odds Ratio. The result shows from 8 Independent variables analysis there are 2 variables that related to Ventilation Width (p-value= 0,004 OR=9,360) and the existences of chimney (p-value= 0,028 OR=6,429). The conclusion of this observation is there certainly any correlation between Housing Ventilation Width and Chimney towards the Pneumonia that involved the children under five. Hopefully, should be increased behavior to open ventilation which are home that the exchange of air circulation

Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai di Kantor Imigrasi Kelas II Cirebon

Penelitian ini berjudul “Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai di Kantor Imigrasi Kelas II Cirebon”. Permasalahan utama adalah kinerja pegawai diKantor Imigrasi Kelas II Cirebon yang akan dipengaruhi oleh Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis dan Motivasi Kerja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis besarnya pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai di Kantor Imigrasi Kelas II Cirebon. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan metode survey, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Metode analisis yang digunakan menggunakan perhitungan statistik Distribusi Frekuensi, Korelasi Product Moment, Korelasi Ganda/Multiple Correlation, Korelasi Parsial, dan Regresi Ganda, dengan sasaran penelitian pegawai di Kantor Imigrasi Kelas II Cirebon sebanyak 43 pegawai. Berdasarkan hasil analisis secara kuantitatif dalam penelitian ini dapat dijelaskan sebagai berikut: (1) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis terhadap Kinerja Pegawai sebesar 0,435; (2) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai sebesar 0,634; (3) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai dengan R square sebesar 0,456 atau 45,6% disebabkan oleh variabel tersebut dan sisanya 54,4% disebabkan variabel lainnya. Oleh karenanya keseluruhan hipotesis penelitian dapat diterima

Quantifying barriers to monovalent anion transport in narrow non-polar pores

The transport of anionic drinking water contaminants (fluoride, chloride, nitrate and nitrite) through narrow pores ranging in effective radius from 2.5 to 6.5 Å was systematically evaluated using molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate the magnitud

Electrostatics of ions inside the nanopores and trans-membrane channels

A model of a finite cylindrical ion channel through a phospholipid membrane of width $L$ separating two electrolyte reservoirs is studied. Analytical solution of the Poisson equation is obtained for an arbitrary distribution of ions inside the trans-membrane pore. The solution is asymptotically exact in the limit of large ionic strength of electrolyte on the two sides of membrane. However, even for physiological concentrations of electrolyte, the electrostatic barrier sizes found using the theory are in excellent agreement with the numerical solution of the Poisson equation. The analytical solution is used to calculate the electrostatic potential energy profiles for pores containing charged protein residues. Availability of a semi-exact interionic potential should greatly facilitate the study of ionic transport through nanopores and ion channels

Model Channel Ion Currents in NaCl - SPC/E Solution with Applied-Field Molecular Dynamics

Using periodic boundary conditions and a constant applied field, we have simulated current flow through an 8.125 Angstrom internal diameter, rigid, atomistic channel with polar walls in a rigid membrane using explicit ions and SPC/E water. Channel and bath currents were computed from ten 10-ns trajectories for each of 10 different conditions of concentration and applied voltage. An electric field was applied uniformly throughout the system to all mobile atoms. On average, the resultant net electric field falls primarily across the membrane channel, as expected for two conductive baths separated by a membrane capacitance. The channel is rarely occupied by more than one ion. Current-voltage relations are concentration-dependent and superlinear at high concentrations.Comment: Accepted for publication in Biophysical Journa