Carbon financial markets underlying climate risk management, pricing and forecasting: Fundamental analysis

Climate Change (CC) is a major issue of our century. Controlling the constraints of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions through transformation into opportunities, in an organization to increase industrial production, has become a necessity. The main reason for this adoption was the effectiveness of energy management and responsible linkages that are being developed to determine the issues and opportunities of carbon finance for organizations

From financial performance to sustainable development: A great evolution and an endless debate

The concept of ‘Performance’ is one of the most used words, both in the academic and professional spheres, due to its importance in all fields. In addition to its very high frequency of use, its definition is polysemous. This paper aims to focus on the surrounding of the performance, by listing several definitions and tracing its evolution over time. This paper also proposes the treatment of performance in all its facets, from the financial one to the global and sustainable one, and by highlighting the complementary aspect of the different approaches of treatment of this concept. To do this, we were interested in articles and books referenced in the Scopus, Cairn, Electre and Google Scholar databases, and we selected the scientific production between 1960 and 2020, which deals with either the definition or the link between the concepts ‘Performance’, ‘CSR’, ‘CSP’ and ‘Sustainable Development’, to synthesize them in this article following a chronological and logical order. This article is intended as a synthetic guide for any researcher or professional interested in the concept of performance, since it traces its evolution and its ramifications through the highlighting of the complementarity and the relevant use of this concept

Carbon financial markets underlying climate risk management, pricing and forecasting: Fundamental analysis

Climate Change (CC) is a major issue of our century. Controlling the constraints of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions through transformation into opportunities, in an organization to increase industrial production, has become a necessity. The main reason for this adoption was the effectiveness of energy management and responsible linkages that are being developed to determine the issues and opportunities of carbon finance for organizations

Carbon Financial Markets Underlying Climate Change Mitigation, Pricing and Challenges: Technical Analysis

Climate Change (CC) is a major issue of our century. Controlling the constraints of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions through transformation into opportunities, in an organization to increase industrial production, has become a necessity. The main reason for this adoption was the effectiveness of energy management and responsible linkages that are being developed to determine the issues and opportunities of carbon finance for organizations

Copolimerização em emulsão de acetato de vinila e acrilato de butila com alto teor de sólidos High solid contents semi-batch emulsion copolymerization of vinyl acetate and butyl acrylate

Neste trabalho foi investigada a influência da concentração de uma mistura dos emulsificantes nonilfenol etoxilado e sulfato sódico de nonilfenol etoxilado (não iônico e iônico, respectivamente) e concentração de protetor coloidal, poli (álcool vinílico) na estabilidade coloidal de látices do copolímero acetato de vinila (AV)/acrilato de butila (AB) com alto teor de sólidos. Foram determinados o teor de sólidos e o tamanho médio das partículas ao longo da reação e foram obtidas as viscosidades das emulsões finais. Os ensaios foram realizados de acordo com um projeto fatorial com 3 níveis de concentração de emulsificantes e de protetor coloidal. Foi verificado que são necessárias maiores quantidades relativas de emulsificantes e de protetor coloidal pela massa total de monômeros para se obter látices estáveis com teores de sólidos de 70 e 73% (m/m). Os tamanhos médios das partículas no final de cada ensaio foram relativamente elevados (800 a 1000 nm) e as viscosidades a 20&deg;C relativamente baixas (500 mPa.s) para teor de sólidos de 67% (m/m); para teor de sólidos de 70% (m/m) as viscosidades variaram de 5.000 a 10.000 mPa.s e para teor de sólidos de 73% (m/m) a viscosidade foi de 365.000 mPa.s.<br>In this work the influence of the concentration of ionic (alkyl phenol polyglycol ether sodium sulfate), and non-ionic (alkyl phenol polyglycol ether), surfactants mixture and of protective colloid (polyvinyl alcohol) on the colloidal stability of high solid contents butyl acrylate/vinyl acetate copolymers latexes was investigated. Solid contents and particle diameter were determined along the reaction and, at the end of each run, also the emulsion viscosity. The experiments were carried out according to a factorial design with three levels of surfactant and protective colloid concentrations. Higher amounts of surfactant and protective colloid per total monomers were required for the colloidal stability of emulsions with total solid contents of 70 and 73 wt. (%). The particle diameters at the end of the experiment were rather large (800 to 1000 nm) and the viscosities at 20 &deg;C rather small (500 mPa.s) for solid contents of 67 wt. (%); for higher values of solid contents (70 and 73 wt. (%)) the viscosities were as high as 5000 to 10000 and 365000 mPa.s, respectively

Cross-Cultural Differences in a Global “Survey of World Views”

10.1177/0022022114551791We know that there are cross-cultural differences in psychological variables, such as individualism/collectivism. But it has not been clear which of these variables show relatively the greatest differences. The Survey of World Views project operated from the premise that such issues are best addressed in a diverse sampling of countries representing a majority of the world¿s population, with a very large range of item-content. Data were collected online from 8,883 individuals (almost entirely college students based on local publicizing efforts) in 33 countries that constitute more than two third of the world¿s population, using items drawn from measures of nearly 50 variables. This report focuses on the broadest patterns evident in item data. The largest differences were not in those contents most frequently emphasized in cross-cultural psychology (e.g., values, social axioms, cultural tightness), but instead in contents involving religion, regularity-norm behaviors, family roles and living arrangements, and ethnonationalism. Content not often studied cross-culturally (e.g., materialism, Machiavellianism, isms dimensions, moral foundations) demonstrated moderate-magnitude differences. Further studies are needed to refine such conclusions, but indications are that cross-cultural psychology may benefit from casting a wider net in terms of the psychological variables of focus