CHINA´S WTO ACCESSION: ITS IMPACT ON CHINESE EMPLOYMENT

It is often claimed that the WTO membership will benefit China by increasing exports and employment and forcing domestic firms to improve efficiency through competition. Benefits are expected to accrue through improved resource allocation and greater economic efficiency resulting from trade liberalization and greater global competition. In the paper we argue that although some sectors will benefit from competition others will suffer a great deal especially in the short and medium terms. The net overall benefits are likely to accrue only in the long run. During the transition period China will face enormous problems of restructuring of state-owned enterprises (SOEs), and banking, insurance and financial services, entailing significant loss of employment. The employment impact of the accession with special reference to SOEs is considered since they are generally less competitive than the non-state enterprises. Reduction in SOE employment may not be compensated by an increase in employment in the non-state sector. The experience of three specific industries is discussed: textiles and clothing, automobiles and household appliances. Besides the unemployment impact of the accession, the paper examines the possibility of a ‘flying geese model’ of trade and development working within China to maintain its global competitiveness on account of low labour costs in the hinterland. It also discusses China’s possible response to global competition to protect employment, for example. Three types of response are considered: non-compliance of the WTO accord, devaluation, and a production shift from tradeables to non-tradeables.

Energy Eigenvalues For Supersymmetric Potentials via Quantum Hamilton-Jacobi Formalism

Using quantum Hamilton-Jacobi formalism of Leacock and Padgett, we show how to obtain the exact eigenvalues for supersymmetric (SUSY) potentials.Comment: 15 pages Latex Compile twice to get cross references correct. 2 Figures not included. Requests for figures should be sent to [email protected]

Enhanced Critical parameters of nano-Carbon doped MgB2 Superconductor

The high field magnetization and magneto transport measurements are carried out to determine the critical superconducting parameters of MgB2-xCx system. The synthesized samples are pure phase and the lattice parameters evaluation is carried out using the Rietveld refinement. The R-T(H) measurements are done up to a field of 140 kOe. The upper critical field values, Hc2 are obtained from this data based upon the criterion of 90% of normal resistivity i.e. Hc2=H at which Rho=90%Rho; where RhoN is the normal resistivity i.e., resistivity at about 40 K in our case. The Werthamer-Helfand-Hohenberg (WHH) prediction of Hc(0) underestimates the critical field value even below than the field up to which measurement is carried out. After this the model, the Ginzburg Landau theory (GL equation) is applied to the R-T(H) data which not only calculates the Hc2(0) value but also determines the dependence of Hc2 on temperature in the low temperature high field region. The estimated Hc(0)=157.2 kOe for pure MgB2 is profoundly enhanced to 297.5 kOe for the x=0.15 sample in MgB2-xCx series. Magnetization measurements are done up to 120 kOe at different temperatures and the other parameters like irreversibility field, Hirr and critical current density Jc(H) are also calculated. The nano carbon doping results in substantial enhancement of critical parameters like Hc2, Hirr and Jc(H) in comparison to the pure MgB2 sample.Comment: 25 pages with 9 Figs: comments/suggestions([email protected]

Microwave (EPR) measurements of the penetration depth measurements of high-Tc superconductors

The use is discussed of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) as a quick and easily accessible method for measuring the London penetration depth, lambda for the high T sub c superconductors. The method uses the broadening of the EPR signal, due to the emergence of the magnetic flux lattice, of a free radical adsorbed on the surface of the sample. The second moment, of the EPR signal below T sub c is fitted to the Brandt equation for a simple triangular lattice. The precision of this method compares quite favorably with those of the more standard methods such as micro sup(+)SR, neutron scattering, and magnetic susceptibility

Modelling the cAMP pathway using BioNessie, and the use of BVP techniques for solving ODEs (Poster Presentation)

Copyright @ 2007 Gu et al; licensee BioMed Central LtdBiochemists often conduct experiments in-vivo in order to explore observable behaviours and understand the dynamics of many intercellular and intracellular processes. However an intuitive understanding of their dynamics is hard to obtain because most pathways of interest involve components connected via interlocking loops. Formal methods for modelling and analysis of biochemical pathways are therefore indispensable. To this end, ODEs (ordinary differential equations) have been widely adopted as a method to model biochemical pathways because they have an unambiguous mathematical format and are amenable to rigorous quantitative analysis. BioNessie http://www.bionessie.com webcite is a workbench for the composition, simulation and analysis of biochemical networks which is being developed in by the Systems Biology team at the Bioinformatics Research Centre as a part of a large DTI funded project 'BPS: A Software Tool for the Simulation and Analysis of Biochemical Networks' http://www.brc.dcs.gla.ac.uk/projects/dti_beacon webcite. BioNessie is written in Java using NetBeans Platform libraries that makes it platform independent. The software employs specialised differential equations solvers for stiff and non-stiff systems to produce model simulation traces. BioNessie provides a user-friendly interfact that comes up with an intuitive tree-based graphical layout, an edition function to SBML-compatible models and feature of data output

Calculation of Band Edge Eigenfunctions and Eigenvalues of Periodic Potentials through the Quantum Hamilton - Jacobi Formalism

We obtain the band edge eigenfunctions and the eigenvalues of solvable periodic potentials using the quantum Hamilton - Jacobi formalism. The potentials studied here are the Lam{\'e} and the associated Lam{\'e} which belong to the class of elliptic potentials. The formalism requires an assumption about the singularity structure of the quantum momentum function $p$, which satisfies the Riccati type quantum Hamilton - Jacobi equation, $p^{2} -i \hbar \frac{d}{dx}p = 2m(E- V(x))$ in the complex $x$ plane. Essential use is made of suitable conformal transformations, which leads to the eigenvalues and the eigenfunctions corresponding to the band edges in a simple and straightforward manner. Our study reveals interesting features about the singularity structure of $p$, responsible in yielding the band edge eigenfunctions and eigenvalues.Comment: 21 pages, 5 table

Quantum Hamilton-Jacobi analysis of PT symmetric Hamiltonians

We apply the quantum Hamilton-Jacobi formalism, naturally defined in the complex domain, to a number of complex Hamiltonians, characterized by discrete parity and time reversal (PT) symmetries and obtain their eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. Examples of both quasi-exactly and exactly solvable potentials are analyzed and the subtle differences, in the singularity structures of their quantum momentum functions, are pointed out. The role of the PT symmetry in the complex domain is also illustrated.Comment: 11 page

Agricultural growth and structural changes in the Punjab economy: an input-output analysis

Agriculture Economic aspects India Punjab., Punjab (India) Economic conditions., Input-output analysis India Punjab.,