Full counting statistics and conditional evolution in a nanoelectromechanical system

We study theoretically the full distribution of transferred charge in a tunnel junction (or quantum point contact) coupled to a nanomechanical oscillator, as well as the conditional evolution of the oscillator. Even if the oscillator is very weakly coupled to the tunnel junction, it can strongly affect the tunneling statistics and lead to a highly non-Gaussian distribution. Conversely, given a particular measurement history of the current, the oscillator energy distribution may be localized and highly non-thermal. We also discuss non-Gaussian correlations between the oscillator motion and tunneling electrons; these show that the tunneling back-action cannot be fully described as an effective thermal bath coupled to the oscillator.Comment: 7 pages; figure added; typos correcte

Classical communication and non-classical fidelity of quantum teleportation

In quantum teleportation, the role of entanglement has been much discussed. It is known that entanglement is necessary for achieving non-classical teleportation fidelity. Here we focus on the amount of classical communication that is necessary to obtain non-classical fidelity in teleportation. We quantify the amount of classical communication that is sufficient for achieving non-classical fidelity for two independent 1-bit and single 2-bits noisy classical channels. It is shown that on average 0.208 bits of classical communication is sufficient to get non-classical fidelity. We also find the necessary amount of classical communication in case of isotropic transformation. Finally we study how the amount of sufficient classical communication increases with weakening of entanglement used in the teleportation process.Comment: Accepted in Quantum Info. Proces

Study of the effects of the Doppler shift on perceived noisiness

Judgment of effects of Doppler shifts on perceived noisiness of aircraft made by subjects in anechoic chambe

A Natural Formalism for Microlensing

If the standard microlensing geometry is inverted so that the Einstein ring is projected onto the observer plane rather than the source plane, then the relations between the observables (\theta_E,\tilde r_E) and the underlying physical quantities (M,\pi_rel) become immediately obvious. Here \theta_E and \tilde r_E are the angular and projected Einstein radii, M is the mass of the lens, and \pi_rel is the lens-source relative parallax. I recast the basic formalism of microlensing in light of this more natural geometry and in terms of observables. I then find that the relations between observable and physical quantities assume an exceptionally simple form. In an appendix, I propose a set of notational conventions for microlensing.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure tells all. Interested parties are requested to vote on a proposed standard for microlensing notation given in the appendix. Submitted to Ap

Dietary factors affecting exogenous and endogenous sources of fat and carbohydrate for energy production and synthesis Annual progress report, 1 Oct. 1967 - 30 Jun. 1968

Dietary effects on total fatty acid content in rats, and changes in liver, adipose tissue, and carbohydrate metabolis

Privatisation Methods and Economic Growth in Transition Economies

In low-income countries privatization, if implemented appropriately, may play an important role in generating growth. Using data recently available from Central and Eastern Europe, we therefore investigate the impact of alternative methods of privatization on economic growth. Our analysis suggests that the use of conventional privatization methods to match owners with firms can be inefficient in economies with underdeveloped capital markets, particularly if wealth is poorly correlated with managerial and entrepreneurial ability. In these circumstances mass privatization, with firms being given away or sold at a nominal price, may be the appropriate policy choice

Corruption and bureaucratic structure in a developing economy

We address the impact of corruption in a developing economy in the context of an empirically relevant hold-up problem - when a foreign firm sinks an investment to provide infrastructure services. We focus on the structure of the economy’s bureaucracy, which can be centralized or decentralized, and characterize the ‘corruptibility’ of bureaucrats in each case. Results are explained in terms of the noninternalization, under decentralization, of the ‘bribe externality’ and the ‘price externality.’ In welfare terms, decentralization is favoured, relatively speaking, if the tax system is less inefficient, funding is less tight, bureaucrats are less venal, or compensation for expropriation is ungenerous