84 research outputs found
Inverse System in The Category of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Soft Modules
This paper begins with the basic concepts of soft module. Later, we introduce inverse system in the category of intutionistic fuzzy soft modules and prove that its limit exists in this category. Generally, limit of inverse system of exact sequences of intutionistic fuzzy soft modules is not exact. Then we define the notion which is first derived functor of the inverse limit functor. Finally, using methods of homology algebra, we prove that the inverse system limit of exact sequence of intutionistic fuzzy soft modules is exact
The Universal Coefticient Theorem in the Category of Fuzzy Soft Modules
This paper begins with the basic concepts of chain comlexes of fuzzy soft modules. Later, we introduce short exact sequence of fuzzy soft modules and prove that split short exact sequence of fuzzy soft chain complex. Naturally, we want to investigate whether or not the universal coefficient theorems are satisfied in category of fuzzy soft chain complexes. However, in the proof of these theorems in the category of chain complexes, exact sequence of homology modules of chain complexes is used. Generally, sequence of fuzzy soft homology modules is not exact in fuzzy chain complexes. Therefore in this study, we construct exact sequence of fuzzy soft homology modules under some conditions. Universal coefficients theorem is proven by making use of this idea
Promoter methylation analysis of CDH1 and p14ARF genes in patients with urothelial bladder cancer
BACKGROUND/AIM: Urothelial bladder cancer arises from the accumulation of multiple epigenetic and genetic changes. We aimed to investigate the specificity and sensitivity of gene-specific promoter methylation of CDH1 and p14ARF genes in the early diagnosis of bladder cancer and compare those with other diagnostic tests in our population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In the current study, 65 patients with urothelial bladder cancer and 35 controls without any history of cancer were recruited. Methylation profiles of CDH1 and p14ARF genes from tumor and urine samples were determined by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction method. RESULTS: Methylation of CDH1 and p14ARF genes in tumor samples was 95.4% and 78.5%, respectively. The methylation frequencies were found to be 68.8% for CDH1 gene and 72.9% for p14ARF gene in urine samples. Sensitivities of CDH1, p14ARF and urine cytology were found to be 67.4%, 72.1% and 34.9%, respectively, while their specificities were 93.9%, 63.6% and 93.9%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Aberrant promoter methylation of CDH1 and p14ARF genes can be used to detect urothelial bladder cancer. In low-grade tumors, when compared with urine cytology, combined methylation analysis of CDH1 and p14ARF genes may not increase the sensitivity to identify malignant cells in urine samples
Π ΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ° Π² ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ°Ρ Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ 2-Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ
Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π±Π°ΡΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ.
ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Π³Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ·Ρ Ρ 84 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ 2-Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°, ΡΡΡΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°.
Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ· 84 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ 30 (35,7%) ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ 2-Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ»Π° 1 Π³ΠΎΠ΄, Ρ 27 (32,1%) β 10 Π»Π΅Ρ, Ρ 12 (14,3%) - Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 10 Π»Π΅Ρ. Π£ 15 (17,9%) ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Ρ. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° Π½Π° 38% ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° (ΠΠΠ’) ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Ρ 46,8 (41,3 β 54,3) Π΄ΠΎ 27,6 (25,4 β 30,9) ΠΊΠ³/ΠΌ2 (Ρ = 0,001). Π§Π΅ΡΠ΅Π· 2 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 42%, Π° ΠΠΠ’ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ 26,8 (23,1 β 28,4) ΠΊΠ³/ΠΌ2. Π Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠ° 2-Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 1 - 3 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π° Ρ 82 (98,6%) ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² (ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 6,0%, Π³Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ·Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 5,6 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π»).
ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ° Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ 2-Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π° Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ’, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°. Π ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Ρ Π½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°
Spectral Deconvolution of Fossil Tooth Enamel Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectrum
In this work the ESR method has been applied to determine the age of fossil tooth enamel found in Mingachevir archeological site (Azerbaijan, Mingachevir). The EPR spectrum of tooth enamel has been deconvoluted into four individual Gaussian lines. Equivalent dose (Absorbed dose in tooth enamel that was historically accumulated due to natural irradiation) calculated using dose-response curves of individual Gaussian lines shows significantly different values. Peak 1 (with g= 2.006848) gives a significantly lower, Peak 4 (with g=2.002942) a significantly higher value of absorbed dose. The use of integrated spectra gives lower absorption dose values than the use of differential spectra
Assessment of feasibility of projects for creating information and management systems of the electric power complex under conditions of uncertainty
Evaluating the feasibility of implementing proposed projects for creating information management systems (IMS) for industrial facilities is a complex procedure due to the uncertainty surrounding the accurate data about the prepared project during its implementation. Therefore, the application of decision support methods, based on soft computing and methodology, is deemed appropriate to address the difficulties arising from non-factors (uncertainty, non-determinism) in the evaluation of the implementation of proposed projects for IMS creation. Consequently, the use of non-deterministic interval methods has been proposed for the evaluation of the suitability of project proposals for creating information management systems under conditions of interval non-determinism, highlighting its advantages
Sustainability and innovation: new roles of universities in ensuring economic growth and achieving global sustainable development goals
First national survey of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in Azerbaijan and risk factors analysis.
SETTING: Civilian population of the Republic of Azerbaijan. OBJECTIVES: To determine patterns of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance among new and previously treated pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) cases, and explore their association with socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. DESIGN: National cross-sectional survey conducted in 2012-2013. RESULTS: Of 789 patients (549 new and 240 previously treated) who met the enrolment criteria, 231 (42%) new and 146 (61%) previously treated patients were resistant to any anti-tuberculosis drug; 72 (13%) new and 66 (28%) previously treated patients had multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). Among MDR-TB cases, 38% of new and 46% of previously treated cases had pre-extensively drug-resistant TB (pre-XDR-TB) or XDR-TB. In previously treated cases, 51% of those who had failed treatment had MDR-TB, which was 15 times higher than in relapse cases (OR 15.2, 95%CI 6-39). The only characteristic significantly associated with MDR-TB was a history of previous treatment (OR 3.1, 95%CI 2.1-4.7); for this group, history of incarceration was an additional risk factor for MDR-TB (OR 2.8, 95%CI 1.1-7.4). CONCLUSION: Azerbaijan remains a high MDR-TB burden country. There is a need to implement countrywide control and innovative measures to accelerate early diagnosis of drug resistance in individual patients, improve treatment adherence and strengthen routine surveillance of drug resistance
ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏpΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌaΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄oΠ² Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΊΡΠ΅Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ°
Percutaneous interventions for the purpose of sanation of cavities of pancreatogenic destruction can be one of the ways to treat pancreatic necrosis. This leads to a rapid cleansing of the cavities and is an objective method of monitoring the stages of treatment. We present a case of successful treatment of infected pancreatic necrosis using minimally invasive, percutaneous, X-ray endovascular methods. Procedures performed: superselective embolization of the upper and lower pancreaticoduodenal arteries, embolization of the gastroduodenal artery, embolization of the splenic artery, selective catheterization and embolization of the left gastric artery with microemboli and coils.Π§ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΊΡΠ΅Π°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ oΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΏoΡoΠ±ΠΎΠ² Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ½Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ·Π°. ΠΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠΎΠ² Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ½Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ·Π° Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ², ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
, ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ: ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΌΠ±oΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π΄Π²Π΅Π½Π°Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄oΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π΄Π²Π΅Π½Π°Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄oΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡoΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ
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