Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation of absorbed dose and radiolysis yields enhancement from a gold nanoparticle under MeV proton irradiation

Gold nanoparticles have been reported as a possible radio-sensitizer agent in radiation therapy due totheir ability to increase energy deposition and subsequent direct damage to cells and DNA within theirlocal vicinity. Moreover, this increase in energy deposition also results in an increase of the radiochemicalyields. In this work we present, for the first time, an in silico investigation, based on the general purposeMonte Carlo simulation toolkit Geant4, into energy deposition and radical species production around aspherical gold nanoparticle 50 nm in diameter via proton irradiation. Simulations were preformed forincident proton energies ranging from 2 to 170 MeV, which are of interest for clinical proton therapy