Effect of high gamma background on neutron sensitivity of fission detectors

390-397<span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" color:black;mso-ansi-language:en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:="" hi"="" lang="EN-IN">Tests were performed on two parallel plate and two cylindrical fission detectors in pulse and dc mode. The effect of gamma background on neutron sensitivity was studied in thermal neutron flux from 30nv to 60nv over which gamma field intensity ranging from 230kR/h to 3.7MR/h was superposed. In the case of one of the parallel plate detectors the fall in neutron sensitivity was observed to be 3.7% at 1 MR/h and negligible below 1 MR/h. In the case of one of the cylindrical counters the fall in neutron sensitivity was negligible below 500kR/h and 37% at 1 MR/h. The data was used to derive the design parameters for a wide range fission detector to be procured for PFBR instrumentation for operation at 600oC and gamma background of 1 MR/h.</span

Use of nitrogen filled ion chamber for wide-range gamma monitoring

607-610<span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" color:black;mso-ansi-language:en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:="" hi"="" lang="EN-IN">A gamma-sensitive ion chamber has been developed for area gamma monitoring. It has 800 cc sensitive volume filled with nitrogen at 120 psig pressure. With a current sensitivity of  0.6 nA/R/h the chamber needs 250 V for 90 % saturation at 10R/h. However, the use of the tanh formula proposed by Fallone and Podgorsak <span style="font-size:14.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:hiddenhorzocr;="" color:black;mso-ansi-language:en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:="" hi"="" lang="EN-IN">(Med-Phys, 10<span style="font-size:14.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" color:black;mso-ansi-language:en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:="" hi"="" lang="EN-IN">(1983) 191) has enabled t<span style="font-size:14.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:hiddenhorzocr;="" color:black;mso-ansi-language:en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:="" hi"="" lang="EN-IN">he authors <span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" color:black;mso-ansi-language:en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:="" hi"="" lang="EN-IN">to develop an instrument to derive exposure rates as high as 80.000 R/h with the help of a single current reading at an applied voltage of 300 V. The instrument can be used to measure unknown exposure rate with accuracy within<span style="font-size:7.5pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial; mso-fareast-font-family:" times="" new="" roman";color:black;mso-ansi-language:en-in;="" mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:hi"="" lang="EN-IN"> ±3.5%.</span

Analysis Of Connecting Rodunder Different Loading Condition Using Ansys Software

The Connecting rod is a high volume production from automobile Side. Connecting rod is subjected to more Stress than other engine components. Failure and damage are also more inconnecting rod, So stress analysis in Connecting rod is Very important. In this study,detailed load analysis was performed on connecting rod, followed by finite element method in Ansys-15 medium. In this regard, In order to calculate stress in Different part of connecting rod, the total forces exerted connecting rod were calculated and then it was modeled, meshed and loaded in Ansys software.The maximum stresses in different parts of connecting rod were determined by Analysis. The maximum pressure stress was between pin end and rod linkages and between bearing cup and connecting rod linkage. The maximum tensile stress was obtained in lower half of pin end and between pin end and rod linkage. It is suggested that the results obtained can be useful to bring about modification in Design of connecting ro

Prevalence and Association of Transfusion Transmitted Infections with ABO and Rh Blood Groups among Blood Donors at the National Blood Bank, Amman, Jordan

Background and objectives: Blood screening is considered a compulsory procedure in health care services to reduce the occurrence of transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs). This study estimated the distribution rates of ABO and Rh blood group systems, prevalence rates of TTIs among blood donors and their association with the ABO blood group and Rh system. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the national blood bank, Amman, Jordan for a period of 6 years (from January 2013 to December 2018). For TTIs analysis, about 5 mL blood sample was collected from each volunteer. A total of 365,029 persons (346,048 (94.8%) males and 18,981 (5.2%) females) donated their blood at the national blood bank, Amman, Jordan from January 2013 to December 2018. Results: The results revealed that O and A were the most prevalent blood groups (37.44% and 36.82%, respectively), followed by B (18.62%) and AB (7.12%). The distribution of Rh + ve and Rh &minus; ve among blood donors showed that Rh + ve donors were more prevalent (88.73%) compared with Rh &minus; ve (11.27%). HBsAg was the most prevalent viral infection (0.38%) followed by HCV (0.13%), syphilis (0.02%), HIV (0.006%) and the male donors were highly infected when compared with female donors. The association between ABO/Rh blood groups and TTIs infections was nonsignificant. Conclusions: In conclusion, low frequency rates of TTIs among blood donors were detected in the current study, but improvements are still continuously required. Low percentages of female donors need to be managed via conducting health cultural education programs