Mapping Real Time Applications on NoC Architecture with Hybrid Multi-objective Algorithm

International audienceThe work presented in this paper is a contribution to solving a widespread problem in the field of system design, embedded the placement of a large application on an architecture (NOC). Application is represented by a set of tasks that communicate with each other by sending message via bus on a heterogeneous architecture. Our role is to place the tiles (task) on different elements (core) of architecture with the objectives of minimizing time execution and the energy consumption under the constraints of load balancing, bandwidth, available memory and size of the queue waiting processors. To solve this problem, we used in the context of our present work, a new meta-heuristic algorithm Particle Swarm. it has proved its effectiveness in many fields such as optimization of networks, image processing and even control of industrial systems but it was never applied in our domain

CPPsite: a curated database of cell penetrating peptides

Delivering drug molecules into the cell is one of the major challenges in the process of drug development. In past, cell penetrating peptides have been successfully used for delivering a wide variety of therapeutic molecules into various types of cells for the treatment of multiple diseases. These peptides have unique ability to gain access to the interior of almost any type of cell. Due to the huge therapeutic applications of CPPs, we have built a comprehensive database ‘CPPsite’, of cell penetrating peptides, where information is compiled from the literature and patents. CPPsite is a manually curated database of experimentally validated 843 CPPs. Each entry provides information of a peptide that includes ID, PubMed ID, peptide name, peptide sequence, chirality, origin, nature of peptide, sub-cellular localization, uptake efficiency, uptake mechanism, hydrophobicity, amino acid frequency and composition, etc. A wide range of user-friendly tools have been incorporated in this database like searching, browsing, analyzing, mapping tools. In addition, we have derived various types of information from these peptide sequences that include secondary/tertiary structure, amino acid composition and physicochemical properties of peptides. This database will be very useful for developing models for predicting effective cell penetrating peptides

Long-term effect of sugarcane residue management and chemical fertilization on soil physical properties in South Africa [plus Supporting information]

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.), an intensive, long-term, monoculture, economical crop in South Africa, is known to degrade soil characteristics. Soil structure, a key indicator of soil health and biomass production potential, is manageable by agricultural practices. This study aims to evaluate the effect of crop residue management practices (mulching, burning with residues scattered or removed) and mineral fertilization (with or without) on soil structure by analyzing soil shrinkage curves (SSCs) and other soil physical and chemical properties in a long-term sugarcane trial established in 1939. The SSC provides descriptive structural soil data by differentiating and characterizing two pore systems (plasma and structural pores). By analyzing the SSC of 24 plots (four replicates each treatment), residue management and fertilization practices were found to have statistically and physically significant effects on hydrostructural variables. Partial redundancy analysis showed that residue management practices had a slightly higher effect (19/100 of total variance) on hydrostructural variables compared with fertilization (12/100). The main hydrostructural variables representing the management effect were total soil shrinkage, specific volume, and swelling capacity of the plasma, which were higher in mulched and/or unfertilized plots, indicating that soil was less compact, and shrinkage was more intense, including at the plasma level. The stronger structural dynamics and aggregate stability of the soil were explained by the behavior of the primary aggregates (peds), which were more porous and reactive during the drying process. This study highlights the importance of mulching and limited fertilization to maintain soil structure in the long term while still ensuring yield production

High resolution spectroscopy and a theoretical line list of ethylene between 5000 and 9000 cm−1

The absorption spectrum of ethylene (C2H4) in the range 5000–9000 cm−1 has been recorded by high-resolution Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTS) at four temperatures (130, 201, 240 and 297 K) and two pressures for each temperature value. The recorded spectra show a very high spectral congestion even at the lowest temperature. Here we present the analysis of a subset of the data limited to a weak absorption interval (6700–7260 cm−1) at 130 and 297 K. An empirical list of 12,243 lines was retrieved from the 130 K spectrum. Line intensities range between about 10−25 and 10−22 cm/molecule. In the 7120–7260 cm−1 region, a list of 2276 lines was combined to the 130 K list to derive the empirical value of the lower state energy of 1249 transitions from the variation of the line intensity between 130 and 297 K (2T-method). The line list of 12C2H4 transitions calculated by the variational method is provided in the 5200–9000 cm−1 range (241,921 and 179,927 transitions at 296 K and 130 K, respectively, above an intensity cutoff of 1x10−25 cm/molecule). This list is an extension of the Theoretical Reims-Tomsk Spectral (TheoReTS) list available at lower energy. In spite of the considerable spectral congestion and of significant deviations between the variational and experimental line lists, 647 transitions could be rovibrationally assigned to seven vibrational bands in the FTS spectrum at 130 K between 6700 and 7260 cm−1. The assignments rely on the position and intensity agreement combined with a systematic use of Lower State Combination Difference (LSCD) relations. The comparison between the empirical values of the lower state energy and their exact value provided by the rovibrational assignment is discussed

Termite mounds impact soil hydrostructural properties in southern Indian tropical forests

Mounds built by fungus-growing termites are often considered to be patches or fertile areas in tropical ecosystems because they contain more nutrients than the surrounding soil environments. However, the mechanism of how these habitats influence soil physical properties remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed at comparing the soil hydrostructural properties of two common termite mounds in southern India, namely, cathedral and lenticular mounds. The shrinkage curves of the soil eroded from three cathedral mounds and of the soil sampled in the center or in the periphery of three lenticular mounds were measured and compared to those of their surrounding soil environment. This study revealed that the soil in the periphery of cathedral mounds was compact with a lower soil specific volume and macroporosity than the control soil. On the other hand, the accumulation of clay in lenticular mounds was associated with a lower soil specific volume at the end of the shrinkage period, higher microporosity, increased swelling capacity and higher water holding capacity than the control soil. These parameters reached intermediate values in the periphery of the lenticular mounds between those of the lenticular mound soil and the surrounding control soil. In conclusion, this study showed that cathedral and lenticular mounds impacted soil hydrostructural properties in two opposing directions. It also highlighted the link between the impact of termites on the clay and carbon contents of soil and their influence on soil porosity and water dynamics, and then the need for a better understanding of the influence of termites on the dynamic of carbon and clay in ecosystems

Line mixing effect in the ν<SUB>2</SUB> band of CH<SUB>3</SUB>Br

International audienceLine intensities, self broadening coefficients, as well as line mixing parameters and self-shift coefficients have been measured in the ν2 parallel band of CH3Br at room temperature for 38 rovibrational doublets with rotational quantum numbers 4≤J≤47 and K=0, 1. Measurements were made in the P and R branches located in the spectral range from 1260 to 1332 cm-1 using high-resolution Fourier transform spectra. These spectroscopic parameters have been retrieved from twelve spectra recorded at different pressures of pure CH3Br from 0.2 to 6.8 Torr. The spectra have been analyzed using a multi-pressure non-linear least squares fitting of Rosenkranz profile taking into account line mixing effect. These spectra and results of pressure broadening coefficients and line intensities obtained with and without taking into account line mixing effect are compared, analyzed and discussed as function of the rotational quantum numbers and the branch. Analyzing of overlapped lines demonstrates an important mixing effect between the doublets components. On average the values of these spectroscopic parameters obtained when taking into account line mixing were found to be about 5% smaller than those obtained without taking into account this effect. On average, the accuracies of self-broadening coefficients and line intensities are estimated to be better than 3.8%. The mean accuracies of line-mixing and line-shift data are estimated to be about 20% and 17% respectively. The measured line mixing parameters are both positive and negative, while most of the lines have a negative shift coefficient

Pressure-Broadening and Cross-Relaxation Rates of Rotation-Inversion Transitions in the ν4 Band of NH3Perturbed by CO2

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