Convenio tripartito entre la Universidad, la Dirección Penal Juvenil y la Secretaría de recursos hídricos en salta experiencias en transferencia y producción de tecnología.

Se presentan las tareas realizadas que condujeron a la concreción de un convenio entre tres partes institucionales de la Provincia de Salta. El objetivo principal fue la transferencia y producción de tecnología sencilla para la cocción solar y de cocinas a leña optimizadas, con jóvenes alojados en dispositivos dependientes de la Dirección General de Justicia Penal Juvenil, a fin de satisfacer necesidades de personas originarias de la margen salteña del río Pilcomayo.Fil: Passamai, Victor Jose. Consejo Nacional de Invest.cientif.y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnol.conicet - Salta. Instituto de Invest.en Energia No Convencional; Argentina;Fil: Fernández, S.. Ministerio de Infraestructura y Vivienda Serv.pub.. Secretaria de Obras Publicas. Subsecretaria de Recursos Hidricos; Salta; Argentina;Fil: Cali, S.. Ministerio de Infraestructura y Vivienda Serv.pub.. Secretaria de Obras Publicas. Subsecretaria de Recursos Hidricos; Salta; Argentina;Fil: Agüero, M.. Dirección Penal Juvenil. Salta; Argentina;Fil: Teruel, F.. Dirección Penal Juvenil. Salta; Argentina

Fruit set and development of tomato grown in greenhouse : application of variable doses of plant growth regulators.

Las hormonas vegetales son capaces de controlar el desarrollo reproductivo, desde la diferenciación floral hasta los últimos estadios del desarrollo de los frutos. En particular, la etapa de fructificación y desarrollo depende del contenido endógeno de estas sustancias, y es posible manipular la iniciación del desarrollo del fruto por aplicación externa de hormonas. Previamente se evaluó el proceso de fructificación y desarrollo en el cultivo de tomate en invernadero en respuesta a la aplicación de b-NOA y AG3 en dosis fijas: se observó sensibilidad diferencial dependiendo del genotipo y tipo de regulador. El objetivo de este trabajo fue establecer dosis y momento óptimo para la aplicación de b-NOA y AG3 como formas de mejorar la fructificación y el desarrollo de frutos partenocárpicos. Como factores se consideraron tipo de regulador -b-NOA y AG3- en dosis y momentos de aplicación variables. Empleando ovarios no polinizados como sistema experimental fue posible concluir que la aplicación de 40 ppm de b-NOA a 7 días post antesis ofrece las mayores ventajas desde el punto de vista del rendimiento y menor impacto fisiológico, sin alterar el período de desarrollo de los frutos.Vegetable hormones are capable of controlling the reproductive development, from the flower differentiation until the last stages in the fruit development. In particular, the fruit set and development stage depends on the endogenous content of this substance, being possible to manipulate the beginning of the fruit development by external application of hormones. We have previously evaluated the fruit set and development process in tomato cultivation in greenhouse in response to the application of b-NOA and GA3 in fixed doses. Differential sensitivity was observed depending on the genotype and regulator type. The purpose of this work is to establish the optimum dose and moment for the application of b-NOA and GA3 as ways to improve the fruit set and development of parthenocarpic fruits. Regulator types b-NOA and GA3 in variable doses and application moments were considered as factors. Using unpollinated ovaries as an experimental system, it was possible to conclude that the application of 40 ppm of b-NOA at 7 days post antesis would offer the best advantages from a performance point of view and a lower physiologic impact, not altering the period of fruit development.Fil: Agüero, Marta S..Fil: Barral, Gabriela.Fil: Miguelisse, Nancy E..Fil: Castillo, Oscar E.

Verification by tests of models proposed for synchronous machines, excitation control systems, water supply and turbines and its control systems for colbún and machicura power plants

In this paper several models proposed for Excitation Control Systems, Synchronous Machines, Prime Movers Control System and Turbines corresponding to the Hydraulic power plants of Colbún and Machicura are shown and verified. These power plants are located in the “Interconnected Central System” (SIC), Chile’s largest grid and are part of the Colbún subsystem. This grid subsystem also bears industrial load. It supplies energy to “El Teniente” -world’s largest copper mineand to several paper manufacturing plants. The models were used to study the Colbún subsystem under island operation when the SIC blacks out due to under-frequency conditions.Instituto de Investigaciones Tecnológicas para Redes y Equipos Eléctricos (IITREE

Fruit and vegetable smoothies preservation with natural antimicrobials for the assurance of safety and quality

Current consumption trends indicate a clear increased interest in more natural, nutritious and healthier foods. Accordingly, natural fruits and vegetables (F&V) based beverages (juices, smoothies) companies showed great growth, since perceived as a practical way of ingesting the F&V nutrients and bioactives. However, when untreated, these products have a short shelf-life, mainly due to microbial spoilage. The combination of natural antimicrobials for their preservation constitutes an option in line with consumers’ requirements. This study aims to evaluate different combinations of natural antimicrobials, nisin, natamycin, green tea extract (GTE) and citric acid, to preserve the quality of a mixed F&V smoothie, extending their shelf-life and ensuring their safety. The results obtained suggest that a treatment with nisin 12.5 mg/kg natamycin 200 mg/kg and citric acid (until pH 3.5) could achieve a shelf-life extension of 14 d, a product with great nutritional and microbiological quality until 28 d of storage at 5 °C. Moreover, this treatment would allow controlling a 6 log CFU/mL Listeria monocytogenes contamination. Furthermore, if GTE (0.2%) is added to that combination, a product with fortified antioxidant properties (more than 10 times higher than control) is achieved, fulfilling the requirements of the most demanding natural products consumers.Fil: Nieva, S. G.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: Jagus, Rosa Juana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Tecnologías y Ciencias de la Ingeniería "Hilario Fernández Long". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Tecnologías y Ciencias de la Ingeniería "Hilario Fernández Long"; ArgentinaFil: Agüero, Maria Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Tecnologías y Ciencias de la Ingeniería "Hilario Fernández Long". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Tecnologías y Ciencias de la Ingeniería "Hilario Fernández Long"; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez, María Verónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Tecnologías y Ciencias de la Ingeniería "Hilario Fernández Long". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Tecnologías y Ciencias de la Ingeniería "Hilario Fernández Long"; Argentin

Fruit set and development of tomato grown in greenhouse : effect of plant growth regulators

El proceso de fructificación y desarrollo en tomate puede ser inducido naturalmente por polinización o partenocarpia y artificialmente por aplicación de reguladores; esta respuesta es variable según tipo y dosis de hormona, momento de aplicación y cultivar involucrado. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la capacidad de auxinas y giberelinas para inducir el desarrollo partenocárpico en genotipos de crecimiento indeterminado. Como factores se consideraron tipo de regulador -AG3 y β-NOA- en dosis fija, momento de aplicación -0, 5, 12, 19, 26 dpa- y genotipo -Rutgers, Fortaleza F1 y Colt 45-. Las mejores respuestas a nivel de porcentaje de fructificación y peso fresco se obtuvieron con β-NOA en comparación con AG3. Considerando todos los factores analizados, solamente la aplicación de β-NOA a 5 dpa permitió alcanzar porcentajes de fructificación y tamaño final de frutos similares a los obtenidos por autopolinización. El período de sensibilidad y el tamaño final de los frutos presentaron interacción con las variables genotipo, momento de aplicación y tipo de regulador. Se observó además que AG3 provocó un escaso desarrollo placentario y ausencia de óvulos mientras que β-NOA indujo un desarrollo de placentas y óvulos similar al de los frutos obtenidos por autopolinización.The process of fruit set and development in tomato can be naturally induced by pollination or parthenocarpy and artificiall y by hormonal application; this response is variable according to type and dose of the hormone, moment of application and cultivar involved. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the capacity of auxins and gibberellins to induce the parthenocarpic development in genotypes of undetermined growth. The considered factors were type of regulator -AG3 and β-NOAin set dose, moment of application -0, 5, 12, 19, 26 dpa-, and genotype -Rutgers, Fortaleza F1 and Colt 45-. The best responses regarding percentage of fructification and fresh weight are obtained with β-NOA in comparison with AG3. Considering all the analyzed factors, only the application of β-NOA to 5 dpa allowed to obtain the percentages of fruit set and final size of fruits similar to the ones obtained by autopollination. The period of sensitivity and the final size of fruits presented interaction with the genotype variables, moment of application and type of regulator. It was also observed that AG3 caused a scarce placental development and ovule absence while β-NOA induced a placenta and ovule development similar to the one in fruits obtained by autopollination.Fil: Castillo, Oscar E..Fil: Barral, Gabriela.Fil: Rodríguez, Gustavo.Fil: Miguelisse, Nancy E..Fil: Agüero, Marta S.

Update of Genetic Diversity of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 in Chile Evidences the Emergence of PCV2d Genotype.

Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV2) can cause multiple clinical conditions known as porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD). Before the wide availability of PCV2 vaccines, PCVAD resulted in significant losses to the global swine industry. PCV2's rapid evolutionary dynamics are comparable to single-stranded RNA viruses. Thus, shifts in the dominance and distribution of different genotypes may frequently occur, resulting in the emergence and spread of varying PCV2 genotypes and recombinant strains in swine. This study aims at identifying the PCV2 genotypes currently circulating in Chile. Seven hundred thirty-eight samples were obtained from 21 swine farms between 2020 and 2021. The samples were tested using PCR for species detection and genotyping. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses were conducted in selected samples. PCV2 was detected in 26.9% of the PCR reactions and 67% of the sampled farms. The genotypes were determined in nine farms, PCV2a in one farm, PCV2b in four, and PCV2d in five, with PCV2b and PCV2d co-circulating in one farm. The phylogenetic analysis of twelve ORF2 sequences obtained (PCV2a = 5; PCV2b = 4; PCV2d = 3) showed a PCV2a Chilean strains monophyletic cluster; closely related to Chilean viruses collected in 2012 and 2013. Of the three different PCV2b sequenced viruses, two viruses were close to the root of the PCV2b group, whereas the remaining one grouped with a South Korean virus. PCV2d sequences were closely related to Asian viruses. A previously reported PCV2a/PCV2d recombinant strain was not detected in this study. Our results suggest the emergence and potential shift to PCV2d genotype in Chilean farms

The Merging System Am 2049-691

Spectroscopic and photometric observations of the peculiar object AM 2049-691 are presented here. Its systemic velocity is V(GSR) = (10956 +-30) km/s, and the derived distance (H(0) = 75 km/s/Mpc) results 146 Mpc. A bridge is observed between two very distinct nuclei whose separation is about 10 kpc, as well as two tails that emerge from the extremes SW and NE of the main body and extend up to 41 and 58 kpc respectively. The spectral characteristics of the all observed zones are typical of H II regions of low excitation. The internal reddening is quit high, particularly in the NE nucleus. All the derived equivalent widths of the H(alpha)+[N II] lines indicate enhanced star formation compared with isolated galaxies, specially in the NE nucleus; the equivalent width corresponding to the integrated spectrum reflects starburst activity in the whole object, and is compatible with a merger of two disk galaxies. All the observed characteristics of AM 2049-691 indicate it is a merger, where a overabundance of nitrogen is detected in one of the nuclei, which has the most evolved population and would be the most massive one. The detected total IR emission is not very high. The integrated total color B - V corresponds to a Sc-Scd galaxy and its average integrated population is about F7 type. Indicative B - V colors of the nuclei, corrected for internal absorption, are in agreement with the spectroscopic results. The central radial velocity dispersions at the nuclei suggest that the most massive galaxy would be the progenitor of the SW component. The observed radial velocity curve shows the presence of two subsystems, each one associated with a different nucleus.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

El balneario de Busot (1780-1820)

Durante los últimos años del siglo XVIII y primeros del XIX, los Baños de Busot, pertenecientes al término municipal de Alicante, experimentaron una transformación con repercusiones tanto en el ámbito sanitario como social. El consistorio dirigió una serie de obras, mediante las cuales su ruinoso estado evolucionó hasta que en 1818, se abrieron oficialmente al público sus instalaciones. Tanto la procedencia de las personas que acudían a estos Baños como los oficios que se generaron en ellos, nos permiten acceder a un mayor conocimiento de la sociedad alicantina.During the last years of the eighteeth century and early nineteenth, the «Baths of Busot» belonged to the municipality of Alicante and experimented a transformation with implications both in health as social background. The municipality consistory channels a series of works and by its, the ruinous state of the spa evolved. In 1818, the spa was officially opened to the public. The study of people who went to the baths and who worked there, gives us a greater understanding of the Alicante society