Effects of atorvastatin therapy on protein oxidation and oxidative DNA damage in hypercholesterolemic rabbits

Objective: Our aim was to clarify the effects of hypercholesterolemic diet and administeration of atorvastatin on lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and oxidative DNA damage in male New Zealand white rabbits

Paraoxonase, oxidized low density lipoprotein, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and adhesion molecules are associated with macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Aim. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the association between blood glucose, oxidative stress, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and paraoxonase activity as contributors to the accelerated atherosclerosis seen in type 2 diabetic patients

Oxidative stress parameters and inflammatory and immune mediators as markers of the severity of sepsis

Introduction: Sepsis is a complex inflammatory syndrome with diverse etiology and wide spectrum of severity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether inflammatory mediators, in comparison with oxidative parameters, are associated with severity of sepsis. Methodology: Plasma neopterin, adenosine deaminase (ADA), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), as inflammatory mediators, and serum nitric oxide (NOx), nitrotyrosine (NT), oxidized LDL (oxLDL) levels, serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity, and erythrocyte glutathione (GSH) levels as oxidative stress parameters of 12 patients with mild sepsis, 25 patients with severe sepsis, and 20 healthy control subjects were evaluated. NOx, GSH levels and PON1 activity were determined by colorimetric methods, whereas neopterin, VCAM, ICAM, IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha, NT, and oxLDL levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

The effects of atorvastatin on oxidative stress in L-NAME-treated rats

Objectives. Current evidence suggests that the beneficial vascular effects of statins are not limited to the statins' lipid-lowering properties; these drugs can also improve vascular endothelial cell function. N omega-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) is a potent synthetic nitric oxide inhibitor, and long-term oral L-NAME treatment is used to induce vascular lesions in experimental animal models. Methods. We determined the effects of statins on protein carbonyl (PCO), lipid hydroperoxides (LHP), oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL) and antioxidants such as paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and total thiols (T-SH) in long-term L-NAME-treated rats. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into three groups, namely, control, L-NAME-treated (1 mg/mL in drinking water for three weeks), and atorvastatin plus L-NAME-treated (4 mg/kg/day atorvastatin for 1 week during the third week of L-NAME treatment) groups. Results. In the L-NAME group, the ox-LDL, LHP and PCO were higher and the PON1 and T-SH were lower than the concentrations observed for the controls. When compared with the L-NAME group, the L-NAME plus atorvastatin group had significantly lower ox-LDL and LHP and higher PON1 activities. Additionally, the elevated total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein-C (LDL-C) in the L-NAME group were decreased by atorvastatin administration. TC and LDL-C were positively correlated with ox-LDL and LHP and negatively correlated with PON1 in all groups. High-density lipoprotein-C (HDL-C) was negatively correlated with ox-LDL. Conclusion. PON1 prevents LDL oxidation and inactivates LDL-derived oxidized phospholipids; its activity showed a pronounced decrease in the L-NAME treatment group and was increased in the atorvastatin group. Based on our findings, we concluded that the atorvastatin had HDL-related antioxidant activity as well as lipid-lowering properties