Residential Photovoltaic Systems in Norway: Household Knowledge, Preferences and Willingness to Pay

Solar power or photovoltaic (PV) systems have emerged as a leading low-carbon energy technology worldwide, but the deployment of residential PV systems in Norway has lagged behind other Scandinavian countries. Therefore, the Norwegian market provides an opportunity to gain insights on the demand factors that determine residential PV adoption. This paper presents results from a stated-preference survey designed to elicit household knowledge, preferences and willingness to pay for residential PV systems. Results suggest that meaningful growth in residential PV capacity depends greater knowledge among households, continued advances in technology, clarity with the grid tariff and stronger support systems. A review of recent experiences in the field corroborates the important role of effective regulatory structures and support programs

Residential Photovoltaic Systems in Norway: Household Knowledge, Preferences and Willingness to Pay

Solar power or photovoltaic (PV) systems have emerged as a leading low-carbon energy technology worldwide, but the deployment of residential PV systems in Norway has lagged behind other Scandinavian countries. Therefore, the Norwegian market provides an opportunity to gain insights on the demand factors that determine residential PV adoption. This paper presents results from a stated-preference survey designed to elicit household knowledge, preferences and willingness to pay for residential PV systems. Results suggest that meaningful growth in residential PV capacity depends greater knowledge among households, continued advances in technology, clarity with the grid tariff and stronger support systems. A review of recent experiences in the field corroborates the important role of effective regulatory structures and support programs

Risikovurdering av AMS. Kartlegging av informasjonssikkerhetsmessige sårbarheter i AMS

-Denne rapporten presenterer en overordnet risikovurdering av Avaserte Måle- og Styringssystemer (AMS) knyttet til hvilke konsekvenser det kan ha for kraftforsyningen at AMS utsettes for informasjonssikkerhetbrudd. Vurderingen er hovedsaklig gjort for AMS basisfunksjoner, som er å registrere måledata hos kunde og overføre disse til nettselskapet, samt bryting/struping av effektuttaket i det enkelte målepunkt

Dating the humans by radiocarbon

Radiocarbon has become a very powerful tool used for dating. This paper deals with a specific application of 14C, i.e. dating of humans. Attention is focused on those aspects that, if neglected, might lead to a misinterpretation of the results or to an unsatisfying accuracy of the measurement. After a brief description of the main principles on which the radiocarbon method is based and of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, examples taken from the research activity of INFN-LABEC (Laboratorio di Tecniche Nucleari per i Beni Culturali) in Florence are presented. The case of the relics of St. Francis represents an example of dating not directly human remains but other objects that can be associated to them. The case of two burials from the archaeological area of Baratti-Populonia, in Tuscany, gives the possibility to show the importance of estimating the human palaeodiet when dating bone samples

Understanding barriers to utilising flexibility in operation and planning of the electricity distribution system – classification frameworks with applications to Norway

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Market architecture for TSO-DSO interaction in the context of European regulation

Following the overall European political goals, massive efforts were recently made to promote an accelerated integration of renewable energy sources (RES) in Europe, creating several operational challenges. One of the key approaches to resolve these is to help harness RESs in an efficient and cost-effective way is to utilise flexibility which can be provided by Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) which include active demand participation, energy storage and electric vehicles. The present paper is based on results and learnings of H2020 project SmartNet (2016-2019), where five coordination schemes for TSO-DSO interaction, necessary for procurement and activation of ancillary services were developed and comparatively evaluated. The paper discusses how different coordination schemes all have specific benefits and attention points related to operation of the TSO and DSO grids, other market participants involved and the market operation in general

Development of Energy Communities in Europe

This paper presents a review study of energy communities (ECs) in Europe, and discusses the future development of such communities in Europe – both related to energy technologies, energy carriers, regional conditions (North, Central and South of Europe), emerging regulatory development etc. From the analysis, it emerged that the future ECs in Europe will focus on utilizing local renewable energy sources (sun, wind, run of river, biogas, biomass), for covering all or part of the energy consumption for end-use customers. The ECs can be a sustainable alternative to large power plants based on fossil fuels. This is also linked to the emerging regulatory developments started when European Commission introduced such concepts in the “Clean Energy for all Europeans” package. The main goal of eNeuron H2020 project is to develop innovative tools for the optimal design and operation of ECs, integrating distributed energy resources and multiple energy carriers at different scales.Development of Energy Communities in EuropeacceptedVersio

Forbrukerfleksibilitet: Et kunnskapsgrunnlag for å forstå husholdningers oppfatninger og muligheter

I Norge ble en ny modell for beregning av nettleie innført 1. juli 2022. Formålet med den nye nettleien er å motivere husholdninger til å fordele strømforbruket jevnere utover døgnet. På tidspunktet hvor den nye nettleien ble planlagt innført var det liten kunnskap om virkninger av slike virkemidler på forbrukere. Flexeffect-prosjektet startet har undersøkt virkninger virkemidler for fleksibel strømbruk på forskjellige husholdningsgrupper. Resultatene viser at mange av forbrukerne forstår og er enige med formålet for ny nettleie. Samtidig gjør utformingen det vanskelig å forstå og tilpasse seg i hverdagslivet og det er konkurrerende signaler og hensyn de må ta. Videre har mange uttrykt bekymring for at den nye nettleien kan få uheldige og urettferdige fordelingsvirkninger. Våre funn viser også at det er krevende for forbrukere å ta i bruk ny teknologi for å øke forbrukerfleksibiliteten. Selv om forbrukerhensyn er nevnt i den politiske rosessen for å innføre ny nettleie er forbrukerne svakt representert i utformingen og forbrukerhensynene som inngår i konsultasjonene har en tendens til å være generelle. Dimensjoner som systembehov er blitt mer vektlagt enn orbrukerbehov og ikke minst forbrukeres evne til tilpasning

The impact and flexibility of PV based customers 58° North and Beyond : results from the FlexNett project

This report is developed within FlexNett project (2015-2018) and summarises the results from the demonstration sites focusing on flexible prosumers, located both at NTE Nett and the municipality of Hvaler. FlexNett project aimed to contribute to increased flexibility in the future smart distribution grid by demonstration and verification of technical and market-based solutions for flexibility on different grid levels and for different stakeholders. For this report the main focus has been to investigate the increased flexibility of active customers in the interplay between consumption, generation and energy storage, contributing to a more efficient use of energy, reduced costs and new services. In the distribution grid by locating energy storages in substations to reduce peak loads, improve the utilization of existing grid capacity, reduce coincident peak load and postpone the grid investments.The impact and flexibility of PV based customers 58° North and Beyond : results from the FlexNett projectpublishedVersio

Household customers' assessment to capacity based distribution grid tariff

This paper presents the status of regulation related to distribution grid tariffs in Norway, and household customers’ assessment of having such a tariff scheme. The paper is presenting results from a Norwegian pilot where two alternative tariff models where tested among household customers for 1 year. The tariff models are a capacity-based tariff with a subscribed power level and a time of use energy tariff with a daily peak price period in the afternoon (16:00-18:00). The results from the pilot are based on analysing hourly smart meter data and three customer surveys. The pilot shows that in general household customers have little focus on their electricity consumption, and especially related to peak load. Some minor changes in consumption can be observed, mainly consumption shifted in advance of peak price hours. The customers expect a cost benefit from changing their consumption (50% want to save 100-199.9 Euros/year).acceptedVersio