SOBRE LOS SCARABAEOIDEA (COL.) COPRÓFAGOS DE CHICLANA DE LA FRONTERA (CÁDIZ, ESPAÑA). FAMILIA SCARABAEIDAE

In the present work, the coprophagous scarabs fauna from equine and bovine sediments in a zone near to the coast of Chiclana de la Frontera (Cádiz, Spain) have been studied. Into the Scarabaeoidea, in this paper, the family Scarabaeidae have been studied in detail. A study of 3.543 specimens, belonging to 25 species and 9 genus os this family have carried out. In each species, the phenology in some cases, together with the vegetation structure, edafic and trophic preferences are indicated. Finally, general consideration about the scarab fauna sampled, refered to phenology and ecological preferences, as well a small of corology, have been carried out.En el presente trabajo se estudia la fauna de escarabeidos coprófagos de las heces de equino y vacuno en una zona próxima al litoral en Chiclana de la Frontera (Cádiz, España). La presente aportación se centra en la familia Scarabaeidae, dentro de la superfamilia Scarabaeoidea. Se estudiaron un total de 3.543 ejemplares, pertenecientes a 25 especies y 9 géneros de esta familia. En cada una de las especies, además de indicar su fenología (si el número de individuos lo permite), se aportan datos sobre preferencias edáficas, tróficas y referidas a la vegetación. Finalmente se hacen unas consideraciones generales sobre el conjunto de la fauna de Scarabaeidae muestreada, referidas a fenología y preferencias ecológicas, así como un somero estudio de la corología del grupo

Spread of a SARS-CoV-2 variant through Europe in the summer of 2020.

Following its emergence in late 2019, the spread of SARS-CoV-21,2 has been tracked by phylogenetic analysis of viral genome sequences in unprecedented detail3–5. Although the virus spread globally in early 2020 before borders closed, intercontinental travel has since been greatly reduced. However, travel within Europe resumed in the summer of 2020. Here we report on a SARS-CoV-2 variant, 20E (EU1), that was identified in Spain in early summer 2020 and subsequently spread across Europe. We find no evidence that this variant has increased transmissibility, but instead demonstrate how rising incidence in Spain, resumption of travel, and lack of effective screening and containment may explain the variant’s success. Despite travel restrictions, we estimate that 20E (EU1) was introduced hundreds of times to European countries by summertime travellers, which is likely to have undermined local efforts to minimize infection with SARS-CoV-2. Our results illustrate how a variant can rapidly become dominant even in the absence of a substantial transmission advantage in favourable epidemiological settings. Genomic surveillance is critical for understanding how travel can affect transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and thus for informing future containment strategies as travel resumes. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited

The Scarabaeoidea (Col.) coprophagous from Chiclana de la Frontera (Cádiz, Spain). Family Scarabaeidae

En el presente trabajo se estudia la fauna de escarabeidos coprófagos de las heces de equino y vacuno en una zona próxima al litoral en Chiclana de la Frontera (Cádiz, España). La presente aportación se centra en la familia Scarabaeidae, dentro de la superfamilia Scarabaeoidea. Se estudiaron un total de 3.543 ejemplares, pertenecientes a 25 especies y 9 géneros de esta familia. En cada una de las especies, además de indicar su fenología (si el número de individuos lo permite), se aportan datos sobre preferencias edáficas, tróficas y referidas a la vegetación. Finalmente se hacen unas consideraciones generales sobre el conjunto de la fauna de Scarabaeidae muestreada, referidas a fenología y preferencias ecológicas, así como un somero estudio de la corología del grupo.In the present work, the coprophagous scarabs fauna from equine and bovine sediments in a zone near to the coast of Chiclana de la Frontera (Cádiz, Spain) have been studied. Into the Scarabaeoidea, in this paper, the family Scarabaeidae have been studied in detail. A study of 3.543 specimens, belonging to 25 species and 9 genus os this family have carried out. In each species, the phenology in some cases, together with the vegetation structure, edafic and trophic preferences are indicated. Finally, general consideration about the scarab fauna sampled, refered to phenology and ecological preferences, as well a small of corology, have been carried out