Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Limbah Minyak Ikan Patin Menggunakan Reaktor Membran

Membrane reactor is an alternative technology is used to produce of biodiesel, one of the advantages of the reaction and separation process takes place in a single stage simultaneous. This research aims to study the effect of the variation of the catalyst and mole ratio feed catfish oil - methanol in biodiesel production, transesterification process in a membrane reactor with a variation of the mole ratio of catfish oil - methanol 1:10, 1:14, and 1:18, the concentration of the base catalyst 0,5% -wt, 1% -wt and 1,5% -wt, pressure transmembrane 1 and 2 bar and a temperature of 60 oC process. The results showed biodiesel production using membrane reactor reached 93,89 % yield on the condition of the mole ratio of 1:14 with a concentration of 1,5 %-wt, characteristics of biodiesel produced meets the quality standards of biodiesel in Indonesia including biodiesel, density 857,3 kg/m3, kinematic viscosity of biodiesel is 5.6 mm2/s, Flash Point 145 °C, Acid Number 0.549 mg-KOH/g, Cetane Number 53,72

Sintesa Surfaktan Ramah Lingkungan Metil Ester Sulfonat dari Palm Oil Methyl Ester Menggunakan Natrium Metabisulfit dan Katalis Aluminium Oksida

Surfactants is surface active agents that can reduce interfacial tension between the two materials in the form of liquid-liquid, liquid-solid, or liquid-gas. Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES) is one type of anionic surfactant which has advantages in terms of detergency, resistant to hardness, renewable and eco-friendly. Methyl Ester Sulfonate produced by the process of sulfonation between Palm Oil Methyl Ester (POME) and sulfonation agent sodium metabisulphite (Na2S2O5) with a catalyst of aluminum oxide (Al2O3). This study aims to make a methyl ester sulfonate by using variations mole ratio and reaction time. Sulfonation process was performed using palm oil methyl ester and sulfonation agent sodium metabisulfite Compounds with variations mole ratio of 1:0.5; 1:1; 1:1.5 and variation reaction time 3; 4.5 and 6 hours. The catalyst was aluminum oxide 1% w/w POME. Sulfonation process was in 100 °C with 450 stirring speed. After a reaction time had been reached, the product was washed by water and allowed to stand for 24 hours. The result showed the best products on the use the mole ratio of 1:1.5 with a reaction time of 4.5 hours. analysis of physical-chemical properties of products shows that the MES pH value of 2.80, the density of 0.8736 g/mol, 2.1244 cp viscosity, surface tension decrease of 25.10 dyne/cm of 71.40 dyne/cm to 46.30 dyne/cm, decrease interfacial tension of water - xylene of 6.80 dyne/cm of 35.80 dyne/cm 29.00 dyne/cm with a value of 88.33% emulsion stability

Pengaruh Kecepatan Pengaduk dan Waktu Fermentasi terhadap Konsentrasi Bioetanol pada Fermentasi Nira Nipah Kental Menggunakan Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

In Riau province the existence of palm is abundant. Nipah can potentially supply biofuels because Its sap has a sugar content of 15-20% which can be converted into bioethanol. Bioethanol is ethanol produced from raw materials containing starch, sugar and cellulose through a process of fermentation and distillation that can be used as an alternative fuel which is environmentally friendly and renewable. To be Able to produce bioethanol from nypa sap in a laboratory scale, it is necessary to study the manufacture of bioethanol from nypa sap through fermentation by using Sacharomyces cerevisiae fermentation medium volume of 2 liters. The objective of the research is to convert the sugar in the nypa sap through fermentation into bioethanol and to observe the effect of stirring speed, viscosity of the juice in the fermentation medium and fermentation time on bioethanol production using Sacharomyces cereviceae. Through the process of fermentation using yeast Sacharomyces cereviceae, glucose is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide. Preparation starter was made with yeast inoculum process Sacharomyces cereviceae at 10% of the yeast fermentation medium, therefore it can be adaptable and ready for fermentation. Fermentation takes place in batches with a volume of 2 liters of fermentation medium, stirring speed variation of 150, 200, 250 rpm and viscosity sap by evaporation at 20% (v/v) as well as variations in the fermentation time of 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours. Temperature fermentation at room temperatur is 25 – 30oC. Ethanol concentration was Analyzed by using Gas Chromatography. The optimum fermentation process is shown in the stirring speed of 200 rpm with sap viscosity of 20% (v/v) and fermentation hours 36th, therefore it was obtained 15,407% (v/v) or 121,604 mg/ml

Sintesa Surfaktan Ramah Lingkungan Metil Ester Sulfonat dari Palm Oil Methyl Ester Menggunakan Natrium Metabisulfit dan Katalis Aluminium Oksida

Surfactants is surface active agents that can reduce interfacial tension between the two materials in the form of liquid-liquid, liquid-solid, or liquid-gas. Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES) is one type of anionic surfactant which has advantages in terms of detergency, resistant to hardness, renewable and eco-friendly. Methyl Ester Sulfonate produced by the process of sulfonation between Palm Oil Methyl Ester (POME) and sulfonation agent sodium metabisulphite (Na2S2O5) with a catalyst of aluminum oxide (Al2O3). This study aims to make a methyl ester sulfonate by using variations mole ratio and reaction time. Sulfonation process was performed using palm oil methyl ester and sulfonation agent sodium metabisulfite Compounds with variations mole ratio of 1:0.5; 1:1; 1:1.5 and variation reaction time 3; 4.5 and 6 hours. The catalyst was aluminum oxide 1% w/w POME. Sulfonation process was in 100 °C with 450 stirring speed. After a reaction time had been reached, the product was washed by water and allowed to stand for 24 hours. The result showed the best products on the use the mole ratio of 1:1.5 with a reaction time of 4.5 hours. analysis of physical-chemical properties of products shows that the MES pH value of 2.80, the density of 0.8736 g/mol, 2.1244 cp viscosity, surface tension decrease of 25.10 dyne/cm of 71.40 dyne/cm to 46.30 dyne/cm, decrease interfacial tension of water - xylene of 6.80 dyne/cm of 35.80 dyne/cm 29.00 dyne/cm with a value of 88.33% emulsion stability