Superconductivity and Abelian Chiral Anomalies

Motivated by the geometric character of spin Hall conductance, the topological invariants of generic superconductivity are discussed based on the Bogoliuvov-de Gennes equation on lattices. They are given by the Chern numbers of degenerate condensate bands for unitary order, which are realizations of Abelian chiral anomalies for non-Abelian connections. The three types of Chern numbers for the $x,y$ and $z$-directions are given by covering degrees of some doubled surfaces around the Dirac monopoles. For nonunitary states, several topological invariants are defined by analyzing the so-called $q$-helicity. Topological origins of the nodal structures of superconducting gaps are also discussed.Comment: An example with a figure and discussions are supplemente

COMPARISON OF KNEE JOINT MONENTS DURING ANTICIPATED AND UNANTICIPATED RUNNING AND CUTTING MANEUVER - A PILOT STUDY

INTRODUCTION: Knee joint injuries are common in sports activities. Because it is understood that non-contact ACL injuries most often occur during cutting or landing tasks, biomechanical studies have examined in lower extremity kinematics. Cutting maneuvers during sporting are not always anticipated, and usually occur as a sudden reaction to an external stimulus. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the joint moments in the lower extremity of females during anticipated and unanticipated running and cutting manoeuvres

Numerical Replica Limit for the Density Correlation of the Random Dirac Fermion

The zero mode wave function of a massless Dirac fermion in the presence of a random gauge field is studied. The density correlation function is calculated numerically and found to exhibit power law in the weak randomness with the disorder dependent exponent. It deviates from the power law and the disorder dependence becomes frozen in the strong randomness. A classical statistical system is employed through the replica trick to interpret the results and the direct evaluation of the replica limit is demonstrated numerically. The analytic expression of the correlation function and the free energy are also discussed with the replica symmetry breaking and the Liouville field theory.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, REVTe

Quantized Rotation of Atoms From Photons with Orbital Angular Momentum

We demonstrate the coherent transfer of the orbital angular momentum of a photon to an atom in quantized units of hbar, using a 2-photon stimulated Raman process with Laguerre-Gaussian beams to generate an atomic vortex state in a Bose-Einstein condensate of sodium atoms. We show that the process is coherent by creating superpositions of different vortex states, where the relative phase between the states is determined by the relative phases of the optical fields. Furthermore, we create vortices of charge 2 by transferring to each atom the orbital angular momentum of two photons.Comment: New version, 4 pages and 3 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review Letter

OGLE-2016-BLG-1190Lb: The First Spitzer Bulge Planet Lies Near the Planet/Brown-dwarf Boundary

We report the discovery of OGLE-2016-BLG-1190Lb, which is likely to be the first Spitzermicrolensing planet in the Galactic bulge/bar, an assignation that can be confirmed by two epochs of high-resolution imaging of the combined source–lens baseline object. The planet's mass, M_p = 13.4 ± 0.9 M_J , places it right at the deuterium-burning limit, i.e., the conventional boundary between "planets" and "brown dwarfs." Its existence raises the question of whether such objects are really "planets" (formed within the disks of their hosts) or "failed stars" (low-mass objects formed by gas fragmentation). This question may ultimately be addressed by comparing disk and bulge/bar planets, which is a goal of the Spitzer microlens program. The host is a G dwarf, M_(host) = 0.89 ± 0.07 M⊙, and the planet has a semimajor axis a ~ 2.0 au. We use Kepler K2 Campaign 9 microlensing data to break the lens-mass degeneracy that generically impacts parallax solutions from Earth–Spitzerobservations alone, which is the first successful application of this approach. The microlensing data, derived primarily from near-continuous, ultradense survey observations from OGLE, MOA, and three KMTNet telescopes, contain more orbital information than for any previous microlensing planet, but not quite enough to accurately specify the full orbit. However, these data do permit the first rigorous test of microlensing orbital-motion measurements, which are typically derived from data taken over <1% of an orbital period

Entanglement Entropy of One-dimensional Gapped Spin Chains

We investigate the entanglement entropy (EE) of gapped S=1 and $S=1/2$ spin chains with dimerization. We find that the effective boundary degrees of freedom as edge states contribute significantly to the EE. For the $S=1/2$ dimerized Heisenberg chain, the EE of the sufficiently long chain is essentially explained by the localized $S=1/2$ effective spins on the boundaries. As for S=1, the effective spins are also $S=1/2$ causing a Kennedy triplet that yields a lower bound for the EE. In this case, the residual entanglement reduces substantially by a continuous deformation of the Heisenberg model to that of the AKLT Hamiltonian.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure