Field Evaluation of Herbicides on Small Fruit, Vegetable, and Ornamental Crops, 1997

Growers generally use herbicides to efficiently produce high-quality fruit and vegetables for processing or fresh market sales. Due to the smaller acreage of these crops compared to major field crops, fewer herbicides are registered for use in fruit and vegetable crops than for field crops. Each year, new herbicides are evaluated under Arkansas growing conditions with the objective of improving the herbicide technology for the grower, processor, and ultimately the consumer. This report includes studies on the control of many of the more serious weed problems in important crops of this region, including snapbeans, spinach, southern pea, watermelon, cantaloupe, tomato, blackberry, and grape. In addition, the report includes information on the tolerance of selected bedding plants to some effective herbicides

Herbicide Evaluation in Arkansas Rice, 1997

Weed control is economically important for production of rice, a major crop in Arkansas. These findings summarize efforts of the team of Arkansas scientists working on weed control strategies for rice during 1997. Various technologies were evaluated in field studies at five locations involving the major weed problems and rice production systems used in the state. Results from these studies will add to the arsenal of weed control options for producers. Highlights include synergists and safeners for herbicides to aid in control of propanil-resistant barnyardgrass; herbicides and flooding techniques for control of red rice and other weeds; and the use of transgenic rice cultivars for broadspectrum weed control. The preliminary results reported here generally warrant further testing for more advanced findings and for the labeling of new technologies, and finally are the basis for updating safe, effective, and economical recommendations to Arkansas rice producers

Herbicide Evaluation in Arkansas Rice, 1998

Weed control is economically important for production of rice, a major crop in Arkansas. These findings summarize efforts of the team of Arkansas scientists working on weed control strategies for rice during 1998. Various technologies were evaluated in field studies involving the major weed problems and rice production systems used in the state. Results from these studies will add to the arsenal of weed control options for producers. The preliminary results reported here generally warrant further testing for more advanced findings and for the labeling of new technologies and, finally, are the basis for updating safe, effective, and economical recommendations to Arkansas rice producers

Discretion and Ulterior Motives in Traffic Stops: The Detection of Other Crimes and the Revenue from Tickets”, Working paper

Abstract In the United States, police officers often decide to give drivers they stop for traffic violations a warning, which imposes no fine, instead of a ticket. Officers are also legally permitted to stop drivers for the purpose of detecting other crimes. This paper addresses two questions about the role of discretion and ulterior motives in traffic stops. First, under what conditions may it be efficient to let many stopped drivers go with only a warning? Using a model of law enforcement based on Shavell (1991), who does not consider warnings, I show that the ulterior motive of detecting other crimes is a simple way to rationalize the existence of warnings in an efficient enforcement scheme. Second, I test the model against data on traffic tickets and warnings in Massachusetts to determine whether police discriminate against out-of-town drivers because of the ulterior motive of ticket revenue. I find support for the notion that discrimination against out-of-town drivers is motivated by revenue. In the model, the revenue motive is an aspect of efficient enforcement for a local government. * I am grateful t

Use of Lean Response to Improve Pandemic Influenza Surge in Public Health Laboratories

These tools enabled laboratory response to the 10-fold increase in testing demands