20 research outputs found
Masculinity, Moral Atmosphere, and Moral Functioning of High School Football Players
In order to identify factors associated with on-field moral functioning among
student athletes within the unique context of football, we examined masculine
gender role conflict, moral atmosphere, and athletic identity. Using structural
equation modeling to assess survey data from 204 high school football players,
results demonstrated that moral atmosphere (i.e., the influence of coaches and
teammates) was significantly associated with participantsâ process of on-field
moral functioning across the levels of judgment, intention, and behavior. Neither
masculine gender role conflict nor athletic identity significantly predicted moral
functioning, but the results indicated that participantsâ identification with the
athlete role significantly predicted conflict with socialized gender roles. Results
suggest that in the aggressive and violent sport of football, coaches can have a
direct influence on playersâ moral functioning process. Coaches can also have an
indirect effect by influencing all the players so that a culture of ethical play can
be cultivated among teammates and spread from the top down
Moral Atmosphere and Masculine Norms in American College Football
This study examined on-field antisocial sports behaviors among 274 American
football players in the United States. Results indicated that moral atmosphere (i.e.,
teammate, coach influence) and conformity to masculine norms were significantly
related to participantsâ moral behavior on the field (i.e., intimidate, risk injury, cheat,
intentionally injure opponents). In other words, the perception that coaches and teammates
condone on-field antisocial behaviorsâin addition to conforming to societal
expectations of traditional masculinityâis related to higher levels of antisocial
behaviors on the football field. In addition, conformity to traditional masculine norms
mediated the relationship between moral atmosphere and on-field aggressive sports
behaviors, suggesting a relationship between social norms and moral atmosphere.
Results of this interdisciplinary endeavor are interpreted and situated within the
extant literature of both the fields of sport psychology and the psychological study
of men and masculinity. Sport psychologists can use results to design interventions
that incorporate moral atmosphere and conformity to masculine norms in an effort
to decrease aggressive sports behaviors in the violent sport of football
A European survey of management approaches in chronic urticaria in children: EAACI pediatric urticaria taskforce
Background: Although well described in adults, there are scarce and heterogeneous data on the diagnosis and management of chronic urticaria (CU) in children (0â18 years) throughout Europe. Our aim was to explore country differences and identify the extent to which the EAACI/GAÂČLEN/EDF/WAO guideline recommendations for pediatric urticaria are implemented. Methods: The EAACI Task Force for pediatric CU disseminated an online clinical survey among EAACI pediatric section members. Members were asked to answer 35 multiple choice questions on current practices in their respective centers. Results: The survey was sent to 2,773 physicians of whom 358 (13.8%) responded, mainly pediatric allergists (80%) and pediatricians (49.7%), working in 69 countries. For diagnosis, Southern European countries used significantly more routine tests (eg, autoimmune testing, allergological tests, and parasitic investigation) than Northern European countries. Most respondents (60.3%) used a 2nd-generation antihistamine as first-line treatment of whom 64.8% updosed as a second line. Omalizumab was used as a second-line treatment by 1.7% and third line by 20.7% of respondents. Most clinicians (65%) follow EAACI/WAO/GA2LEN/EDF guidelines when diagnosing CU, and only 7.3% follow no specific guidelines. Some clinicians prefer to follow national guidelines (18.4%, mainly Northern European) or the AAAAI practice parameter (1.7%). Conclusions: Even though most members of the Pediatric Section of EAACI are familiar with the EAACI/WAO/GA2LEN/EDF guidelines, a significant number do not follow them. Also, the large variation in diagnosis and treatment strengthens the need to re-evaluate, update, and standardize guidelines on the diagnosis and management of CU in children
Consensus Statement on Standard of Care for Congenital Muscular Dystrophies
International audienceCongenital muscular dystrophies are a group of rare neuromuscular disorders with a wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes. Recent advances in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of congenital muscular dystrophy have enabled better diagnosis. However, medical care for patients with congenital muscular dystrophy remains very diverse. Advances in many areas of medical technology have not been adopted in clinical practice. The International Standard of Care Committee for Congenital Muscular Dystrophy was established to identify current care issues, review literature for evidence-based practice, and achieve consensus on care recommendations in 7 areas: diagnosis, neurology, pulmonology, orthopedics/rehabilitation, gastroenterology/ nutrition/speech/oral care, cardiology, and palliative care. To achieve consensus on the care recommendations, 2 separate online surveys were conducted to poll opinions from experts in the field and from congenital muscular dystrophy families. The final consensus was achieved in a 3-day workshop conducted in Brussels, Belgium, in November 2009. This consensus statement describes the care recommendations from this committee