Acquisition and Spread of Antimicrobial Resistance : A tet(X) Case Study

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

A Brief History of the Antibiotic Era: Lessons Learned and Challenges for the Future

This article gives a very brief overview of the antibiotic era, beginning from the discovery of first antibiotics until the present day situation, which is marred by the emergence of hard-to-treat multiple antibiotic-resistant infections. The ways of responding to the antibiotic resistance challenges such as the development of novel strategies in the search for new antimicrobials, designing more effective preventive measures and, importantly, better understanding the ecology of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance are discussed. The expansion of conceptual frameworks based on recent developments in the field of antimicrobials, antibiotic resistance, and chemotherapy is also discussed

Complete Genome Sequence of the Human Gut Symbiont Roseburia hominis

Copyright © 2015 Travis et al. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank Gillian Campbell, Pauline Young, Karen Garden, and Sylvia Duncan for contributing to this work, which was supported by Scottish Government RESAS (Rural and Environmental Sciences and Analytical Services).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Hypoteriosis as a risk factor for development cholelithiasis

The article give information about hypoteriosis as a risk factor for development cholelithiasis

Elevated systemic antibodies towards commensal gut microbiota in autoinflammatory condition

Article No. e3172Non peer reviewedPublisher PD

Low-dose antibiotics: current status and outlook for the future

Antimicrobial therapy is a key factor in our success against pathogens poised to ravage at risk or infected individuals. However, we are currently at a watershed point as we face a growing crisis of antibiotic resistance among diverse pathogens. One area of intense interest is the impact of the application of antibiotics for uses other than the treatment of patients and the association with such utilization with emerging drug resistance. This Research Topic “Low- dose antibiotics: current status and outlook for the future” in Frontiers in Microbiology: Antimicrobials, Resistance and Chemotherapy details various aspects of the wide ranging effects of antimicrobial therapy from areas such as the regulation of host responses to modulation of bacterial virulence factors to acquisition of antibiotic resistance genes

Application of Bacteriophages

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and decrease in the discovery rate of novel antibiotics takes mankind back to the ‘pre-antibiotic era' and search for alternative treatments. Bacteriophages have been one of promising alternative agents which can be utilised for medicinal and biological control purposes in agriculture and related fields. The idea to treat bacterial infections with phages came out of the pioneering work of Félix d‘Hérelle but this was overshadowed by the success of antibiotics. Recent renewed interest in phage therapy is dictated by its advantages most importantly by their specificity against the bacterial targets. This prevents complications such as antibiotic-induced dysbiosis and secondary infections. This article is compiled by the participants of the Expert Round Table conference ‘Bacteriophages as tools for therapy, prophylaxis and diagnostics' (19-21 October 2015) at the Eliava Institute of Bacteriophage, Microbiology and Virology, Tbilisi, Georgia. The first paper from the Round Table was published in the Biotechnology Journal. This InFocus articleexpandsfromthispaperandincludes recent developments reported since then by the Expert Round Table participants, including the implementation of the Nagoya Protocol for the applications of bacteriophages