Gene diversity among some endogamous population of Amravati District, Maharashtra, India.

The present work deals with the distribution of ABO, Rh and sickling alleles as markers to study the genetic structure and micro-demarcation among castes and tribal populations from the Amravati district of Maharashtra. Three loci namely, ABO, Rh and sickling were selected to measure the relative frequency of respective alleles in ten (10) endogamous populations inhabiting the Amravati District. The ABO locus was found to be less polymorphic when compared with other loci. On the other hand, Rh and sickling loci were found to be more polymorphic. Construction of a dendrogram using allele frequency data reveals an interesting relationship among the caste and tribe. An analysis shows three major clades comprising A, B and C. Clade A comprises Islamic Dawoodi Bohra and Hindu Gujrati. Clade B comprises the upper castes, Brahmin, Jain, Kashmiris and Kunbis, while Clade C shows Gonds and Katchhi. This study is a first attempt to provide a genetic landscape of castes and tribes inhabiting the Vidarbha region. The findings are discussed in light of the historical, anthropological and genetic data available for the studied group

A Genuine Intermediate-Age Globular Cluster in M33

We present deep integrated-light spectroscopy of nine M33 globular clusters taken with the Hectospec instrument at the MMT Observatory. Based on our spectroscopy and previous deep color-magnitude diagrams obtained with HST/WFPC2, we present evidence for the presence of a genuine intermediate-age globular cluster in M33. The analysis of Lick line indices indicates that all globular clusters are metal-poor ([Z/H] <~ -1.0) and that cluster M33-C38 is about 5-8 Gyr younger than the rest of the sample M33 star clusters. We find no evidence for a population of blue horizontal branch stars in the CMD of M33-C38, which rules out the possibility of an artificially young spectroscopic age due to the presence of hot stars. We infer a total mass of 5-9 x 10^4 M_sol for M33-C38, which implies that M33-C38 has survived ~2-3 times longer than some dynamical evolution model predictions for star clusters in M33, although it is not yet clear to which dynamical component of M33 - thin disk, thick disk, halo - the cluster is associated.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letter

A SURVEY OF YOGA CURRICULUM AND TRANSACTION TECHNIQUES IN GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE INSTITUTES IN MAHARASHTRA

In the dynamic environment of e-commerce, companies are constantly looking for strategies that lead to sustainable success. This study explores the profound impact of customer centricity as a key success factor in e-commerce. The study explores the complex interplay between customer-centric approaches and the growth, loyalty and overall success of e-commerce businesses. Using a synthesis of qualitative and quantitative analyses, this article illuminates ways in which companies that prioritize customer needs and preferences can improve the customer experience, foster loyalty, and ultimately drive strong business growth and profitability. By exploring the core of customer centricity in e-commerce, this study not only advances scientific discourse, but also provides practical insights for actors operating in digital markets

A Comparative Study of Text Classification Methods: An Experimental Approach

Text classification is the process in which text document is assigned to one or more predefined categories based on the contents of document. This paper focuses on experimentation of our implementation of three popular machine learning algorithms and their performance comparative evaluation on sample English Text document categorization. Three well known classifiers namely Naïve Bayes (NB), Centroid Based (CB) and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) were implemented and tested on same dataset R-52 chosen from Reuters-21578 corpus. For performance evaluation classical metrics like precision, recall and micro and macro F1-measures were used. For statistical comparison of the three classifiers Randomized Block Design method with T-test was applied. The experimental result exhibited that Centroid based classifier out performed with 97% Micro F1 measure. NB and KNN also produce satisfactory performance on the test dataset, with 91% Micro F1 measure and 89% Micro F1 measure respectively

Solution for Water scarcity Problem in Construction

These paper is discusses about implementation of sewage water in construction. As per ISI, water demand for residential building is more than commercial building. As we know in residential building water is uses for various things such as for kitchen, bath room, drinking, washing clothes and utensils, toilet flushing etc. Sewage water is the water which collected from kitchen sink, bathroom water which are used for these create a waste. The paper discuses about how we can use that waste water in construction. If instead of creating waste, we are doing recycling of that sewage water and used in construction. If we do recycling of waste water then automatically the demand of water required for construction is automatically decreases. The paper discuses about sewage water treatment with the use of Biosanitizer Ecochips ad its implementation in construction. Also the paper discuses about the experimental research on implementation of sewage water in construction.The paper are discusses the study of effect of raw sewage water and treated sewage water on concrete strength. In ecological approach, ecochips are used for recycling of waste water. Use of treated waste water gives strength to concrete.The paper also discusses the economical point of view for using Ecochips for raw sewage water treatment. These paper has gives guidelines to carry out study of implementation of sewage water in construction field and useful to reduces the water problem in construction field also helps to reduce the total water demand loa

THE PLANNING STRATEGIES FOR URBAN LAND USE PATTERN: A CASE STUDY OF PUNE CITY, INDIA

Abstract: Urbanization, one of the important factors in the development of the countries, has really crates some negative impacts on the cities. The rapid and haphazard growth of the major cities in India generates numerous problems in the country. The further growth incorporates the haphazardly developed areas into the city leading to the imbalanced land use pattern. The growth of the cities normally extends more to the fringe areas and it creates the unplanned development of the cities. The development of the cities in the concentric pattern or radial pattern had raised the challenges for the planning of the cities. Pune, the cultural and education centre of Maharashtra, is also facing the problems. In the same context, because of the imbalance land use pattern, Pune city is facing problems of unequal distribution of physical and social infrastructure in the city

The Globular Cluster Systems of Five Nearby Spiral Galaxies: New Insights from Hubble Space Telescope Imaging

We use available multifilter Hubble Space Telescope (HST) WFPC2 imaging of five (M81, M83, NGC 6946, M101, and M51) low inclination, nearby spiral galaxies to study ancient star cluster populations. M81 globular clusters (GC) have an intrinsic color distribution which is very similar to those in the Milky Way and M31, with ~40% of the clusters having colors expected for a metal-rich population. On the other hand, the GC system in M51 appears almost exclusively blue and metal poor. This lack of metal-rich GCs associated with the M51 bulge indicates that the bulge formation history of this Sbc galaxy may have differed significantly from that of our own. Ancient clusters in M101, and possibly in NGC 6946, appear to have luminosity distributions which continue to rise to our detection limit (M_V ~ -6.0), well beyond the expected turnover (M_V ~ -7.4) in the luminosity function. This is reminiscent of the situation in M33, a Local Group galaxy of similar Hubble type. The faint ancient cluster candidates in M101 and NGC 6946 have colors and radii similar to their more luminous counterparts, and we suggest that these are either intermediate age (3-9 Gyr) disk clusters or the low mass end of the original GC population. If the faint, excess GC candidates are excluded, we find that the specific frequency (S_N) of ancient clusters formed in later-type spirals is roughly constant, with S_N=0.5 +- 0.2. By combining the results of this study with literature values for other systems, we find that the total GC specific frequencies in spirals appear to correlate best with Hubble type and bulge/total ratio, rather than with galaxy luminosity or galaxy mass (abridged).Comment: 31 pages, 11 tables, 10 figure