Synergic Extraction of Titanium (IV) with the New Solvent Tri-iso-amyl Phosphate (TAP) and Thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTA)

The extraction of Ti (IV) from aqueous hydrochloric acid solution was investigated by using three different solvent systems: thenayltrifluoroacetone (TTA), a new solvent tn-iso-amyl phosphate (TAP)and a mixture of TTA and TAP, all diluted with carbon tetrachloride. An optimum of 90.34% and 97.45 % Ti(IV) was extracted when 4.0 % TTA or 33 % TAP was used, respectively. However, a significant synergic effect was observed even when half the concentration of the two extractants was used, i.e. a mixture of only 2.0% TTA and 16.0% TAP solution extracted as much as 99.03% of the metal from the aqueous HCl solutions. For all these three extraction systems concentrations of Ti(IV) and HCl were maintained at 1. 0 x 10J mol [1 and 11.5 mol [1, respectively. It was concluded that Ti(IV) forms a disolvate with both the ligands, i.e. TTA and TAP, but a 1:1 mixed solvate is formed when a TTA-TAP mixed ligand system is used. It was also established that the TTA combines in its undissociated form with the central metallic ion Ti(IV). The mathematical treatment ofthe three extraction systems showed that the average values of log Kafor the three systems were 2.48 (TTA), 1.60 (TAP) and 3.19 (TTATAP synergic system). It was also shown that the experimental value for the mixed solvate system is 7.06 times higher than the statistically evaluated value for the same system

A comparative evaluation for adsorption of dye on Neem bark and Mango bark powder

67-75The use of low cost adsorbent has been investigated as a replacement for the current expensive methods of removing dyes from wastewater. As such, Neem bark and Mango bark generated as a wood waste is collected and converted into a powder form and then used as a low-cost adsorbent for removal of dyes from wastewater. Adsorption studies are carried out at different temperatures, pH, initial dye concentrations and adsorbent doses. The adsorption of malachite green (dye) is found to increase with increase in temperature. The linear form of Langmuir and Freundlich models fitted the adsorption data. The results indicated that Langmuir adsorption isotherm fitted the data better than Freundlich isotherm. Thermodynamic parameters such as the free energies, enthalpy and entropy of adsorption of the dye-Mango bark, Neem bark powder systems are also evaluated. The negative values of free energy indicated the feasibility and spontaneous nature of the process, and the positive heats of enthalpy suggest the endothermic nature of the process. The adsorption of Malachite green follow the second-order kinetics in both the adsorbents

Mixed Ligand Complexes of Mn(II) & Fe(II) with l-Amino-2-naphthol-4-sulphonic Acid & Heterocyclic Bases

197-19

Removal of hazardous triphenylmethane dye through adsorption over waste material-mango bark powder

469-474This study deals with the use of low cost, easily available, high efficiency and ecofriendly adsorbent as an ideal alternative to the currently used expensive methods of removing dye from waste water. The potential of mango bark powder for the removal of malachite green (triphenylmethane dye) from simulated water has been investigated. Studies are conducted to delineate the effect of pH, temperature, initial dye concentration and adsorbent concentration. Equilibrium isotherms are determined to assess the maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent. The adsorption data have been correlated with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms which are used to suggest a plausible mechanism of the ongoing adsorption processes. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained from Langmuir equation is found to be 4.22 × 103 mol.g-1 on mango bark powder. The adsorption of dye is found to be a second–order rate equation. Thus, low cost mango bark powder can be an attractive option for dye removal from diluted industrial effluents

Removal of zinc from wastewater by water hyacinth

274-280The water hyacinth (Eichchornia crassipes) has been successfully utilized for the removal of Zn from simulated wastewater samples. It has been found that growth rate in general and relative growth rate in particular of the plant decreases with the increase of metal ion concentration. The process of metal uptake by the plant is monophasic in nature with the increase of metal ion concentration whereas it is biphasic in nature with the time of exposure. The rate of mobility of the metal is slow in the root than that for the top of the plants. However amount of metal accumulated in the root is larger as compared to the top of the plants. It has also been found that the percentage removal of the metal from the aqueous solution decreases with increasing initial concentration of the metal. The overall removal capacity of the plant has also been evaluated and found to fit the mathematical model. Thus the process can be recommended for the treatment of zinc-loaded wastewater

Study on characterization and degree of esterification of styrene maleic anhydride by some medicines

1597-1600Styrene-co-maleic anhydride has been used for the preparation of chemically and diffusionaly controlled polymeric prodrugs poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) conjugates with phenol based medicinal natural products like 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-phenol (eugenol) and synthetic o-hydroxy benzoic acid (salicylic acid) etc. in acetone and dioxane. The hydrolytic and binding behavior of the phenol based medicine was compared with the degree of esterification. 2-Methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-phenol and o-hydroxy benzoic acid have low binding with styrene-co-maleic anhydride while other has good binding with styrene-co-maleic anhydride