Statistical Analysis and Deep Learning Associated Modeling for Early stage Detection of Carinoma

The high death rate and overall complexity of the cancer epidemic is a global health crisis. Progress in cancer prediction based on gene expression has increased in light of the speedy advancement using modern high-throughput sequencing methods and a wide range of machine learning techniques, bringing insights into efficient and precise treatment decision-making. Therefore, it is of significant interest to create machine learning systems that accurately identify cancer patients and healthy people. Although several classification systems have been applied to cancer prediction, no single strategy has proven superior. This research shows how to apply deep learning to an optimization method that uses numerous machine learning models. Statistical analysis has helped us choose informative genes, and we've been feeding those to five different categorization models. The results from the five different classifiers are ensembled in the next step using a deep learning technique. The three most common types of adenocarcinoma are those of the lungs, stomach, and breasts. The suggested deep learning-based inter-ensembles model was tested with deep learning-based algorithms on Carcinoma data. The results of the tests show that relative to using only one set of classifiers or the simple consensus algorithm, it improves the precision of cancer prognosis in every analyzed carcinoma dataset. The suggested deep learning-based inter-ensemble approach is demonstrated to be reliable and efficient for cancer diagnosis by entirely using diverse classifiers

Design of sub-THz traveling wave tubes for high data rate long range wireless links

The development of high capacity wireless networks, to satisfy the increasing demand of mobile high-speed internet, is stimulating the exploitation of the wide frequency bands in the millimeter and THz range. Above 100 GHz, the high atmosphere attenuation is the major obstacle for wireless links of adequate length, due to the low power available from solid state amplifiers. Traveling wave tubes are promising devices capable to generate multi-watt power at sub-THz frequency. In this paper, the design and performance of a Traveling Wave Tube in the 210 – 250 GHz band with about 1W output power will be described, to power a 40 Gigabits per second optical transmitter for 1 km point-to-point link. A novel approach for a simple and low-cost fabrication, based on the use of the double corrugated waveguide is proposed

Role of Interventional IBD in Management of Ulcerative Colitis(UC)-Associated Neoplasia and Post-Operative Pouch Complications in UC: A Systematic Review

Interventional inflammatory bowel disease (IIBD) is going to play a major role in complex IBD including ulcerative-colitis associated neoplasia (UCAN) and postoperative complications after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) in ulcerative colitis (UC). We performed a literature search in PubMed using keywords such as “UCAN” and “endoscopic management of pouch complications,” After screening 1221 citations, finally, 91 relevant citations were identified for the systematic review. Endoscopic recognition of dysplasia should be done by high-definition white light endoscopy (HD-WLE) or dye-based/virtual chromoendoscopy (CE) especially in known dysplasia or primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Endoscopically visible lesions without deep submucosal invasion can be resected endoscopically with endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), or using full-thickness resection device (FTRD). Image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) and IIBD have an emerging role in screening, diagnosis, and management of colitis-associated neoplasia in UC and can avoid colectomy. IIBD can manage a significant proportion of post-IPAA complications. Pouch strictures can be treated with endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) or stricturotomy, whereas acute and chronic anastomotic leak or sinuses can be managed with through the scope (TTS)/over the scope clips (OTSC) and endoscopic fistulotomy/sinusotomy

ECDSA-Based Water Bodies Prediction from Satellite Images with UNet

The detection of water bodies from satellite images plays a vital role in research development. It has a wide range of applications such as the prediction of natural disasters and detecting drought and flood conditions. There were few existing applications that focused on detecting water bodies that are becoming extinct in nature. The dataset to train this deep learning model is taken from Kaggle. It has two classes, namely water bodies and masks. There is a total of 2841 sentinel-2 satellite images with corresponding 2841 masks. Additionally, the present work focuses on using UNet, Tensorflow to detect the water bodies. It uses a Nadam optimizer to reduce the losses. It also finds best-optimized parameters for the activation function, a number of nodes in each layer. This proposed model achieves integrity by embedding a security feature Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA). It generates a digital signature for the predicted area of water bodies which helps to secure the key and the detected water bodies while transmitting in a channel. Thus, the proposed model ensures the performance accuracy of 94% which can also work the same for edge detection, detection in blurred and low-resolution images. The model is highly robust

Low Cost Fabrication for W-band Slow Wave Structures for Wireless Communications Travelling Wave Tubes

The fabrication of slow wave structures for millimeter wave Traveling Wave Tubes (TWT) poses significant difficulties and requires high accuracy processes. The EU H2020 TWEETHER project proposes a Point to Multipoint (PmP) distribution wireless W-band (92 -95 GHz) system for backhaul for small cells in the future 5G scenario and fixed access, based on a folded waveguide W-band TWT. The cost of TWTs and feasible high volume production are key parameters for millimeter wave network front ends. This paper explores possible new approaches for reducing the fabrication cost of millimeter wave slow wave structures for TWTs based on the SU-8 casting and low cost CNC milling process

Endoscopic Management of Fistulas and Abscesses in Crohn’s Disease

Fistulas and abscesses in Crohn’s disease (CD) are mechanical complications of long term disease and can indicate an aggressive disease course. Usually chronic inflammation leads to stricture which leads to high intra-luminal pressure with resultant fistula and abscess upstream to stricture. Exceptions to that may include perianal fistulizing CD which may even precede luminal CD. Hence, management of fistula and abscesses entails management of associated strictures without which these are bound to recur. These mechanical complications (stricture/fistula/abscess) usually occur after initial 4–5 years of disease. Traditionally the management of these complications include surgical therapy. However, surgical therapy can be associated with substantial morbidity specially in these patients on immunosuppressive medications and post-operative recurrence is not uncommon. Interventional radiological procedures to drain intra-abdominal/pelvic abscess can be helpful provided that there are no intervening bowel loops. Hence, there is an unmet need of relatively less invasive endoscopic therapies for treatment of CD related fistulas and abscesses. In this chapter, we shall discuss the role of endoscopic therapy in CD related fistula and abscess

Outcomes of Patients with Nelson's Syndrome after Primary Treatment: A Multicenter Study from 13 UK Pituitary Centers.

CONTEXT: Long-term outcomes of patients with Nelson's syndrome (NS) have been poorly explored, especially in the modern era. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate tumor control rates, effectiveness of various treatments, and markers of prognostic relevance in patients with NS. PATIENTS, DESIGN, AND SETTING: Retrospective cohort study of 68 patients from 13 UK pituitary centers with median imaging follow-up of 13 years (range 1-45) since NS diagnosis. RESULTS: Management of Cushing's disease (CD) prior to NS diagnosis included surgery+adrenalectomy (n = 30; eight patients had 2 and one had 3 pituitary operations), surgery+radiotherapy+adrenalectomy (n = 17; two received >1 courses of irradiation, two had ≥2 pituitary surgeries), radiotherapy+adrenalectomy (n = 2), and adrenalectomy (n = 19). Primary management of NS mainly included surgery, radiotherapy, surgery+radiotherapy, and observation; 10-year tumor progression-free survival was 62% (surgery 80%, radiotherapy 52%, surgery+radiotherapy 81%, observation 51%). Sex, age at CD or NS diagnosis, size of adenoma (micro-/macroadenoma) at CD diagnosis, presence of pituitary tumor on imaging prior adrenalectomy, and mode of NS primary management were not predictors of tumor progression. Mode of management of CD before NS diagnosis was a significant factor predicting progression, with the group treated by surgery+radiotherapy+adrenalectomy for their CD showing the highest risk (hazard ratio 4.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.6-13.5). During follow-up, 3% of patients had malignant transformation with spinal metastases and 4% died of aggressively enlarging tumor. CONCLUSIONS: At 10 years follow-up, 38% of the patients diagnosed with NS showed progression of their corticotroph tumor. Complexity of treatments for the CD prior to NS diagnosis, possibly reflecting corticotroph adenoma aggressiveness, predicts long-term tumor prognosis

The Continuing Use of Problematic Sexual Stereotypes in Judicial Decision-Making

This article examines the continuing use of problematic sexual stereotypes at appellate level in the English and Welsh legal system. Using five cases as illustrations, it argues that, notwithstanding professional training and guidance on sexual equality matters, certain senior judges in this jurisdiction still at least sometimes openly employ crude and problematic sexual stereotypes in their judgments or fail to deal appropriately with the use of these stereotypes by trial judges. The central point is that there is still a significant problem with the open use of crude sexual stereotypes in legal reasoning at a senior level in this jurisdiction, despite the pressure on all members of the legal system to appear to be ‘politically correct’

Advances in endoscopic imaging: Advantages and limitations

Endoscopic imaging is emerging beyond the confines of traditional white light endoscopy. There is a plethora of advanced imaging technologies which aim to improve visualization of the vascular network and surface texture of the mucosa and thereby improve tissue characterization, differentiation, and diagnosis. These include the wide field technologies like chromoendoscopy, narrow band imaging and autofluorescence endoscopy and point enhancement or virtual histology technologies like endocytoscopy and confocal endomicroscopy. This review attempts to define the current status of these newer technologies and the advantages and limitations in current clinical practice