Additional file 1 of Effects of communication style, anthropomorphic setting and individual differences on older adults using voice assistants in a health context

Additional file 1: Table A1. Design of the voice assistant interaction (Task Script: Exercise) Table A2. Design of the voice assistant interaction (Task Script: Medical consultation) Table A3. Questionnaires used in this stud

Suburbia transfigured

Urbanizing Suburbia considers three current and related processes underway in global cities: the hyper-gentrification of inner cities, the financialization of housing, and the structural changes occurring in the outer city. Rocketing housing prices have displaced residents from inner cities and created a rent gap in outer cities. Increasingly, municipalities, developers, and displaced residents search for opportunities in the suburban belts. Changes in demographics, densities, live/work ratios, and tenures are remaking outer cities, rendering them less and less suburban. The book examines these changes by looking at four key European cities: Amsterdam, Berlin, London, and Stockholm. It is a first attempt at understanding the three processes discussed here within one comprehensive explanatory framework

Advances in new targets for immunotherapy of small cell lung cancer

Abstract Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is one of the highly aggressive malignancies characterized by rapid growth and early metastasis, but treatment options are limited. For SCLC, carboplatin or cisplatin in combination with etoposide chemotherapy has been considered the only standard of care, but the standard first‐line treatment only results in 10‐month survival. The majority of patients relapse within a few weeks to months after treatment, despite the relatively sensitive response to chemotherapy. Over the past decade, immunotherapy has made significant progress in the treatment of SCLC patients. However, there have been limited improvements in survival rates for SCLC patients with the current immune checkpoint inhibitors PD‐1/PD‐L1 and CTLA‐4. In the face of high recurrence rates, small beneficiary populations, and low survival benefits, the exploration of new targets for key molecules and signals in SCLC and the development of drugs with novel mechanisms may provide fresh hope for immunotherapy in SCLC. Therefore, the aim of this review was to explore four new targets, DLL3, TIGIT, LAG‐3, and GD2, which may play a role in the immunotherapy of SCLC to find useful clues and strategies to improve the outcome for SCLC patients

Study of myopia progression and risk factors in Hubei children aged 7–10 years using machine learning: a longitudinal cohort

Abstract Background To investigate the trend of refractive error among elementary school students in grades 1 to 3 in Hubei Province, analyze the relevant factors affecting myopia progression, and develop a model to predict myopia progression and the risk of developing high myopia in children. Methods Longitudinal study. Using a cluster-stratified sampling method, elementary school students in grades 1 to 3 (15,512 in total) from 17 cities in Hubei Province were included as study subjects. Visual acuity, cycloplegic autorefraction, and height and weight measurements were performed for three consecutive years from 2019 to 2021. Basic information about the students, parental myopia and education level, and the students’ behavioral habits of using the eyes were collected through questionnaires. Results The baseline refractive errors of children in grades 1 ~ 3 in Hubei Province in 2019 were 0.20 (0.11, 0.27)D, −0.14 (−0.21, 0.06)D, and − 0.29 (−0.37, −0.22)D, respectively, and the annual myopia progression was − 0.65 (−0.74, −0.63)D, −0.61 (−0.73, −0.59)D and − 0.59 (−0.64, −0.51)D, with the prevalence of myopia increasing from 17.56%, 20.9%, and 34.08% in 2019 to 24.16%, 32.24%, and 40.37% in 2021 (Χ2 = 63.29, P < 0.001). With growth, children’s refractive error moved toward myopia, and the quantity of myopic progression gradually diminished. (F = 291.04, P = 0.027). The myopia progression in boys was less than that in girls in the same grade (P < 0.001). The change in spherical equivalent refraction in myopic children was smaller than that in hyperopic and emmetropic children (F = 59.28, P < 0.001), in which the refractive change in mild myopia, moderate myopia, and high myopia children gradually increased (F = 73.12, P < 0.001). Large baseline refractive error, large body mass index, and high frequency of eating sweets were risk factors for myopia progression, while parental intervention and strong eye-care awareness were protective factors for delaying myopia progression. The nomogram graph predicted the probability of developing high myopia in children and found that baseline refraction had the greatest predictive value. Conclusion Myopia progression varies by age, sex, and myopia severity. Baseline refraction is the most important factor in predicting high myopia in childhood. we should focus on children with large baseline refraction or young age of onset of myopia in clinical myopia prevention and control

Hyper-gentrification and the urbanisation of suburbia

Suburban belts and outer-city areas in global cities such as Vancouver, London and New York are undergoing little noticed structural, social and formal changes. The diverse and often contradictory uses of ‘hyper’ and ‘super’ gentrification share an understanding that the process in question is one in which already gentrified inner-city neighbourhoods are undergoing a new phase of gentrification. Hyper-gentrification is more than simply a new phase in the process, as it undermines the tenets of some of the leading gentrification theories. Hyper-gentrification undermines the theories, as a local rent gap becomes a minor concern in these global processes and Ley’s white-collar employees and their cultural preferences become irrelevant. A key outcome of the hyper-gentrification of inner-cities has been the exodus of outpriced middle-class residents. Some cities, such as London, have specifically identified the suburban belt as a focus of future housing and densification

Additional file 1 of Study of myopia progression and risk factors in Hubei children aged 7–10 years using machine learning: a longitudinal cohort

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