Examining Turnover in Open Source Software Projects Using Logistic Hierarchical Linear Modeling Approach

Part 2: Lightning TalksInternational audienceDeveloper turnover in open source software projects is a critical and insufficiently researched problem. Previous research has focused on understanding the developer motivations to contribute using either the individual developer perspective or the project perspective. In this exploratory study we argue that because the developers are embedded in projects it is imperative to include both perspectives. We analyze turnover in open source software projects by including both individual developer level factors, as well as project specific factors. Using the Logistic Hierarchical Linear Modeling approach allows us to empirically examine the factors influencing developer turnover and also how these factors differ among developers and projects

Undereducation and overeducation in the Australian labour market

This paper uses data from the 1996 Census of Population and Housing Household Sample File (HSF) to study the incidence of mismatch between workers’ educational attainments and the requirements of their jobs, and the earnings consequences of this mismatch. It also examines whether mismatch contributes to the explanation of the gender wage differential in the Australian labour market. It is found that approximately 15.8 per cent of men and 13.6 per cent of women are overeducated, whereas approximately 18.5 per cent ofwomen and 13.7 per cent of men are undereducated. Substantial earnings consequences are found to be associated with this mismatch, with surplus schooling yielding relatively low returns. The results suggest that mismatch does not account for the gender wage gap in the Australian labour market; rather the gender wage differential is entrenched in the fundamentals of pay determination

Understanding Social Support’s Role in the Relationship Between Maltreatment and Depression in Youth With Foster Care Experience

This study investigated whether more complex maltreatment experiences predicted higher levels of depressive symptomatology for young adults and examined the role of social support during late adolescence in that association. Specifically, the study tested whether social support had a direct effect on depression and whether it mediated and/or moderated the relationship between self-reported maltreatment and depression in a sample of 513 youth exiting the child welfare system. Indices of maltreatment types (neglect and physical, sexual, psychological abuse) experienced during two periods (precare and during-care) were used in conjunction with a measure of perceived social support (reflecting support availability and social network sufficiency) in negative binomial regression models predicting depressive symptoms. Both precare and during-care maltreatment were associated with depressive symptoms as a young adult. Social support had a direct effect on depressive symptoms as well as moderation and partial mediation effects on the relationship between maltreatment and depression. Social support’s buffering effect was stronger for those experiencing fewer types of maltreatment. This buffering effect appears to diminish asmaltreatment histories becomemore complex. Keyword

Creating a Testable, Estimable Model to Inform Our Response to the Test-Score Gap Crisis

Multilevel structural equation modeling, Achievement gap, NAEP,

Overeducation e undereducation no Brasil: incidência e retornos

Nos países desenvolvidos, a literatura acerca da sobreeducação encontra-se em expansão. Há vários autores preocupados com a existência de diferenças entre os requisitos educacionais das ocupações e a escolaridade possuída pelos indivíduos e os seus efeitos. O objetivo deste artigo é acrescentar evidências a essa literatura, avaliando a incidência e os retornos da sobreeducação e da subeducação no Brasil, nas Grandes Regiões e no Estado de São Paulo. Também foram analisadas as diferenças por gênero e por grande grupo ocupacional. Foram utilizados dados do Censo de 2000 e da Classificação Brasileira das Ocupações de 2002. Entre as regiões, os níveis de adequação oscilaram entre 25% e 31% e os de sobreeducação entre 14% e 19%. A região Sudeste apresentou a maior taxa de adequação e a região Sul a maior taxa de sobreeducação. O Nordeste apresentou a mais alta subeducação, sendo que quase 60% dos trabalhadores encontravam-se nesta condição. Relativamente aos retornos, a comparação entre os resultados de homens e mulheres evidenciou que o retorno de ser sobreeducada era de 13,9%, enquanto o de ser sobreeducado era de 12,1%. Verificamos, também, no caso dos homens, que o retorno da sobreeducação é maior nas regiões Centro-Oeste (12,7%) e Sudeste (12,4%). No caso das mulheres, constatamos que as duas regiões de maior dinamismo econômico - Sudeste e Sul - apresentaram menores retornos da sobreeducação (13,6% e 12,1%, respectivamente).<br>The overeducation literature is increasing in developed countries. Several authors have estimated the education-occupation mismatch as well as its effects on individuals' earnings. The objective of this article is to add evidences to this literature, evaluating the incidence and the returns for overeducation and undereducation in Brazil, Regions and São Paulo State. We also focus on gender and occupational differences. Data is taken from Census 2000 and the Brazilian Occupational Titles (CBO) 2002. Regarding regional pattern, the proper-match level has oscillated between 25% and 31%. The level of overeducation was between 14% and 19%. The Southeast region presented the highest tax of proper-match and the South region presented the highest tax of overeducation. The Northeast region presented highest undereducation level (almost 60%). As far as the returns are concerned, the return for women overeducated was 13.9%, while the same rate for men was 12.1%. The return for men overeducated was higher in Center-West (12.7%) and Southeast (12.4%). The women overeducated return was lower in the two most dynamic regions: Southeast and South (13.6% and 12.1%, respectively)