On the area of optimal parameters choice for the numerical method of non-stationary hydrodynamics problem with feature

For an approximate solution of the non-stationary nonlinear Navier-Stokes equations for the flow of an incompressible viscous fluid, depending on the set of input data and the geometry of the domain, the area of optimal parameters in the variables $\nu$ and $\nu^{\ast}$ is experimentally determined depending on $\delta$ included in the definition of the $R_{\nu}$-generalized solution of the problem and the degree of the weight function in the basis of the finite element method. To discretize the problem in time, the Runge-Kutta methods of the first and second orders were used. The areas of optimal parameters for various values of the incoming angles are established.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure

Criteria for the development of social responsibility in future officers of the national guard of the Russian Federation

This article examines the key problem of the modern educational paradigm the problem of personal development. The author highlights several contradictions in this problem, one of which is the definition of development criteria. According to the author, the fundamental quality of a person is its social responsibility. The problem of social responsibility in society is now recognized by many as a potential danger to humanity, which is confirmed by the activity in the framework of research in this area. Therefore, the concept of social responsibility of the individual as a phenomenon in science has developed quite steadily. A serious problem of social responsibility is in the sphere of professional activity. You can often hear the following concepts: social responsibility of a doctor, social responsibility of a teacher, social responsibility of a scientist, social responsibility of a business, etc. However, the current socio-political situation forces us to talk about the social responsibility of the military. The analysis of scientific research shows that social responsibility is poorly developed among military personnel. The specifics of military professional activity of a serviceman require the development of their own criteria for evaluating its development. The analysis of the military professional activity of the future officer indicates the need to consider social responsibility in this category of persons from the position of its three criteria: attitude to activity, attitude to other people, attitude to oneself. This hypothesis was tested and proved as a result of the research. The study was conducted in three stages. At the first stage, a number of personal characteristics were identified that relate to the social responsibility of the individual. At the second stage, an expert survey was conducted to determine the level of manifestation of signs of social responsibility in a group of cadets with a high level of social responsibility. The final step was the factor analysis procedure, the results of which established that a high level of social responsibility of personality of future officer equally determine all three of its criteria: attitude to activity, attitude to other people, attitude to oneself

Oil and Gas Exploration Planning using VOI Technique

Paper deals with actual problem about making decisions during field development. The main aim was to apply method "Value of information" in order to estimate the necessity of field exploration works and show the effectiveness of this method. The object of analysis - field X, which is located in the Eastern Siberia. The reservoir is B13 formation of Vend age. The Field has complex structure, and divided into blocks by faults. During evaluation of the project, main uncertainties and oil in place were obtained for three blocks of the field. According to uncertainty analysis, it was suggested to drill a new exploration well, and value of information method was applied to estimate results from this exploration works. Economic evaluation of the value of information method was made by choosing optimal development strategy. According to the obtained results, drilling of the exploration wells for blocks 1 and 3 of the field X is a good decision, while drilling a well in the second block is risky and not recommended. Also using the value of information, optimal well locations were advised - well l_le for the first block, and well 3_3 for the third block

Oil and Gas Exploration Planning using VOI Technique

Paper deals with actual problem about making decisions during field development. The main aim was to apply method "Value of information" in order to estimate the necessity of field exploration works and show the effectiveness of this method. The object of analysis - field X, which is located in the Eastern Siberia. The reservoir is B13 formation of Vend age. The Field has complex structure, and divided into blocks by faults. During evaluation of the project, main uncertainties and oil in place were obtained for three blocks of the field. According to uncertainty analysis, it was suggested to drill a new exploration well, and value of information method was applied to estimate results from this exploration works. Economic evaluation of the value of information method was made by choosing optimal development strategy. According to the obtained results, drilling of the exploration wells for blocks 1 and 3 of the field X is a good decision, while drilling a well in the second block is risky and not recommended. Also using the value of information, optimal well locations were advised - well l_le for the first block, and well 3_3 for the third block

Serum Interleukin-6 in Schizophrenia: Associations with Clinical and Sociodemographic Characteristics

BACKGROUND:Recentlyasignificant part of schizophrenia studies have been focused on the role of cytokines, especially interleukin-6 (IL-6). Some authors have suggestedapathogenetic role for IL-6 in schizophrenia and concluded that therapy that centers on suppressing IL-6 activity may prove beneficial for certain categories of patients with the disorder. However, many questions about whether the changes in IL-6 levels in schizophrenia are primary, related to symptoms or caused by therapy, are concomitant metabolic disorders, are related to smoking or other secondary factors remain unanswered. AIM:To assess the level of serum IL-6 in patients with schizophrenia in comparison with healthy controls, as well as to study its association with clinical and socio-demographic characteristics. METHODS:Some 125 patients with schizophrenia and 95 healthy volunteers were examined.Theevaluation of IL-6 was performed by enzyme immunoassay. All patients were assessed using standardized psychometric instruments. Information from patient medical records on the course of the disease and treatment wasanalyzed. RESULTS:Thelevel of IL-6 was significantly higher in the patients than in the healthy volunteers (z=2.58;p=0.0099), but among men the difference between the patients and volunteers was not significant. Statistically significant correlations were found between the level of serum IL-6 and the severity of the cognitive impairment of patients: (auditory [ρ=–0.31;p=0.00063] and working memory [ρ=−0.25;p=0.0065], hand-eye coordination [ρ=−0.29;p=0.0011], verbal fluency [ρ=−0.28;p=0.0019] and problem-solving capacity [ρ=−0.22;p=0.013]), total severity of schizophrenia symptoms (PANSS, ρ=0.22;p=0.016), PANSS positive subscale (ρ=0.18;p=0.048), and the age of manifestation (ρ=0.20;p=0.025) and disease duration (ρ=0.18;p=0.043).Thelevel of IL-6 was the lowest in patients treated with third-generation antipsychotics, and the highest in those treated withfirst-generation antipsychotics (H=6.36;p=0.042). Moreover, in hospital patients, the level of IL-6 was significantly higher than in outpatients and inpatients hospitals (H=18.59;p=0.0001). CONCLUSION:Thestudy confirmed that there are associations between the serum IL-6 level and schizophrenia, the age of the patient, duration of the disease and how late in one's life cycle it began manifesting itself, as well asanumber of clinical characteristics. Considering that IL-6isassociated withawide range of symptoms that are loosely controlled by antipsychotics, this biochemical marker needs to be studied to look into how closely its level tracks with an unfavorable course of schizophrenia. That would require further prospective studies

ROLE OF SENSORY CONFLICT IN FORMING OF HEALTH DISORDERS IN EMPLOYEES EXPOSED BY PHYSICAL FACTORS

The article presents the results of the study of psychological status, centra! and peripheral nervous systems, neuromuscular apparatus in patients with vibration-induced, disease and sensorineural deafness of occupational genesis. The dynamics of forming of changes in these systems with the increase of vibration and. noise doses in the experiment on laboratory animals is showed. The results allowed, to supplement and. extend, the ideas about the conception of «sensory conflict»

Morphofunctional changes in the tissue of the brain, liver and kidneys of white rats under the influence of selenium nanocomposite encapsulated in the polymer matrix of arabinogalactan

Introduction. Due to their high biocompatibility, substances based on nanosized selenium particles, encapsulated in natural or synthetic polymer matrices, are promising materials for the creation of biomedical preparations of diagnostic and therapeutic value. Selenium nanoparticles are successfully used in the diagnosis of various types of cancer. In addition to the diagnostic value, selenium nanoparticles have their own prophylactic and oncological effect. This paper presents the results of a study of the toxicity of the Se nanocomposite encapsulated in the polymer matrix of arabinogalactan (SeAG). The emergence and development of the pathological process in the tissue of the brain, liver and kidneys during subacute administration of this nanocomposite was studied.Materials and methods. Twenty white outbred male rats weighing 200–220 g were used in the work. Animals were orally administered a solution of the selenium nanocomposite at a dose of 500 μg per kilogram of animal body weight for 10 days. Then, using the methods of histological analysis, the severity of the biological response of the organism to the introduction of this nanocomposite was assessed. An analysis of the state of the tissue of the liver, kidneys and the sensorimotor cortex of the brain was carried out.Results. With the intragastric administration of this drug, there is stasis of blood in the portal tracts, a pronounced macrophage reaction and diapedesis of leukocytes in the liver tissue. There is a decrease in the number of normal neurons per unit area, a decrease in the number of astroglia cells and an increase in the number of  degeneratively altered neurons in the tissue of the sensorimotor cortex. There is also an increase in connective tissue in the cortex of the kidney, with the formation of fibrosis and a decrease in the area of the Shumlyansky – Bowman capsule.Conclusion. The effect of the investigated nanocomposite is characterized by the development of a pronounced pathological process in the central nervous and hepatorenal systems of the body

From experimental biomodeling to personalized medicine

This article presents the results of experimental studies of adverse effects of environmental and occupational exposures on the morphofunctional state of the central nervous system in offspring rats. The results of this study show that newborn offspring of rats exposed to vinyl chloride and mercuric chloride lagged behind the controls in sensory-motor development. There was violated the whole structure of behavior in adult offspring characterized by reduces motor and exploratory activity, increased anxiety in rats. There was abnormal impulse conduction in the neuromuscular apparatus of the hind legs of albino rats and morphological changes in the structure of nervous tissue. Developmental disorders in the offspring may be associated with the processes of accumulation, influence on the genetic apparatus of cells or mediated by epigenetic mechanisms of CNS disorders. A comparative study of the behavioral and cognitive effects of toluene, cerebral bioelectrical activity in rats with a normal embryogenesis and background prenatal hypoxia has been found that toluene neurotoxicity are more pronounced in adult rats exposed to chronic prenatal hypoxia. The results suggest a possible decrease in the sensitivity of neurons to the action of neurotoxicants because of prenatal hypoxic damage. The significance of experimental modeling is to develop approaches to personalized medicine, because knowledge of the previous prenatal pathology or neurointoxication of parents allow study of individual measures of prevention, treatment, and decisions about employment of the younger generation

Functional Sensory-Motor Performance Following Long Term Space Flight: The First Results of "Field Test" Experiment

The effect that extended-duration space flights may have on human space travelers, including exploration missions, is widely discussed at the present time. Specifically, there is an increasing amount of evidence showing that the physical capacity of cosmonauts is significantly reduced after long-duration space flights. It is evident that the most impaired functions are those that rely on gravity, particularly up right posture and gait. Because of the sensorimotor disturbances manifested in the neurology of the posture and gait space flight and postflight changes may also be observed in debilitating motion sickness. While the severity of particular symptoms varies, disturbances in spatial orientation and alterations in the accuracy of voluntary movements are persistently observed after long-duration space flights. At this time most of the currently available data are primarily descriptive and not yet suitable for predicting operational impacts of most sensorimotor decrements observed upon landing on planetary surfaces or asteroids. In particular there are no existing data on the recovery dynamics or functionality of neurological, cardiovascular or muscle performance making it difficult to model or simulate the cosmonauts' activity after landing and develop the appropriate countermeasure that will ensure the rapid and safe recovery of crewmembers immediately after landing in what could be hostile environments. However and as a starting position, the videos we have acquired during recent data collection following the long duration flights of cosmonauts and astronauts walking and performing other tasks shortly after return from space flight speak volumes about their level of deconditioning. A joint Russian-American team has developed a new study specifically to address the changes in crewmembers performance and the recovery of performance with the intent of filling the missing data gaps. The first (pilot) phase of this study includes recording body kinematics and quantifying the coordination and timing of relatively simple basic movements - transition from seated and prone positions to standing, walking, stepping over obstacles, tandem walking, muscle compliance, as well as characteristics of postural sway and orthostatic tolerance. Testing for changes in these parameters have been initiated in the medical tent at the landing site. The first set of experiments showed that during the first hour after landing, cosmonauts and astronauts were able to execute (although slower and with more effort than preflight) simple movements such as egress from a seated or prone position and also to remain standing for 3.5 minutes without exhibiting pronounced cardiovascular changes. More challenging tests, however, demonstrated a prominent reduction in coordination - the obstacle task, for example, was performed at much slower speed and with a marked overestimation of the obstacle height and tandem walking was greatly degraded suggesting significant changes in proprioception, brainstem and vestibular function. There is some speculation that the neural changes, either from the bottom-up or top down may be long lasting; requiring compensatory responses that will modify or mask the adverse responses we have observed. Furthermore, these compensatory responses may actually be beneficial, helping achieve a more rapid adaptation to both weightlessness and a return to earth

Предупреждение ошибок, обусловленных человеческим фактором, при использовании толерантных к отказам систем управления полетом

The article presents suggestions on the synthesis of tolerant digital systems of management flight based on algorithmic resiliency methods. Implementation of tolerant digital flight control systems will prevent the negative consequences of failures of various aircraft systems and aircraft units.В статье приведены предложения по синтезу толерантных цифровых систем управления полетом, основанные на методах алгоритмического обеспечения отказоустойчивости. Реализация толерантных цифровых систем управления полетом позволит предупредить негативные последствия отказов различных бортовых систем и агрегатов самолета