Fundamental Principles and Rights At Work: Value, Viability, Incidence and Importance as Elements For Economic Progress and Social Justice

Working Paper prepared for the ILO by Maria Luz Vega Ruiz and Daniel Martinez, focusing on the rights at work in Latin America and the Caribbean

Designing a map of classified learning activities for the customised development of transversal competencies

[EN] he creation of the European Higher Education Area has brought about many changes. The most important is related to learning activities, which are considered seriously and in depth. In other words, the student will learn some contents at a certain level through a number of actions or tasks. According to Penzo et al. [1], learning-based teaching can be defined as the teaching organisation based on learning activities. The proposal for innovation and educational improvement presented in this paper focuses on identifying and classifying learning activities at different levels that reinforce those aspects required for an appropriate scope of the competence. The experience acquired and the application in the classroom of the work developed in previous projects has shown us that each learning activity covers certain levels of the competence. Even the same activity carried out in different courses should be classified into different levels. The overall aim is to identify the set of learning activities that improve the appropriate scope of the competence. More specifically, the aims to be covered are: 1. Design of the scale to identify levels for the scope of the competence. 2. Identification and classification of activities according to the scale established to build the map of activities. The design of the map of classified learning activities enables: 1. To have a broad vision of the activities carried out for the development of the competence. 2. To identify overlaps of activities at the same level, which raises the question of whether or not to eliminate any of the activities. 3. To identify levels not addressed by any activity, which encourages the development of activities that cover levels not reached by other activities. 4. To offer the students the map of activities as a tool for their training. In this way, the map of activities becomes a tool for the students, where they can identify the activities by level and work to a greater extent on the most suitable ones according to their needs and potential.This research has been carried out within the framework of the project of innovation and educational improvement (PIME 2017-18 Ref. A10) funded by the Universitat Politècnica de València and the School of InformaticsBoza, A.; Fernández-Diego, M.; Gordo, ML.; Ruiz Font, L. (2018). Designing a map of classified learning activities for the customised development of transversal competencies. INTED proceedings (Online). 3081-3086. https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2018.0590S3081308

Cost Optimisation for Minimizing the Visual Impact of Ornamental Stone Quarrying. A Case Study in Murcia Region

Quarrying of ornamental stone has adverse effects that are both visual and environmental. This paper aims to develop a methodology for minimising the costs associated with reducing the visual impact of ornamental stone quarrying. This study uses digital topographical maps of the study zone and a GPS and GIS application to calculate the extent of the area affected by quarrying activities for each altitude designated in the work plan and to calculate the extent of the potential visual impact. The results obtained applying the proposed methodology for the selected area suggested that the potential visual impact is minimal for an altitude of 520 metres, this being the optimal point for the observer. When altitude increases, the potential visual impact increases and the optimal point for the observer diminishes until the highest impact altitude (740 m) is readied. The optimal point that the exploitation should reach is that at which the values of the diagram generated by the (%) area of potential visual impact and area of exploitation (%) intersect. The methodology allows the optimal altitude to be determined for mining exploitations and helps assess the viability of a given exploitation from an environmental point of view

Monitoring salinization processes in soils by using a chemical degradation indicator

The main aim of this work is to progress in the study of desertification processes in Mediterranean regions in the framework of DESERTNET project by means of the execution of pilot studies and development of evaluation models. This paper shows the results of an investigation on the degradation processes of soils carried out in the Murcia Region (SE, Spain). Specifically, salinization problems in Murcia Region were evaluated by means of two chemical degradation indicators, salinization state and salinization rate. We define chemical degradation indicator as the representative value of an observed chemical phenomenon in soil which produce its degradation. Chemical degradation indicators were calculated in order to simplify the interpretation of all the complex processes involved in environmental monitoring. The results obtained showed that in some areas an increase in salinization processes is taking place. On the other hand, there are only a few points with high a risk of salinization, obtaining similar results in the two periods of time studied

Antimicrobial Activities of Leaf Extracts from Algarrobo blanco (Prosopis alba), Tusca (Acacia aroma) y Mistol (Ziziphus mistol) to be Applied to Fresh Products

The aim of the present study was to analyze the in vitro antimicrobial activity against pathogens such as Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus spp., Bacillus cereus, Micrococcus, Escherichia coli and Listeria innocua, using Prosopis alba (Algarrobo blanco), Acacia aroma (Tusca) and Zizhiphus mistol (Mistol) leaf extracts with 50: 50 v/v ethanol: water and 70:30 v/v acetone: water as antimicrobial preservatives. Determination by agar disk diffusion method was made. All extracts showed some antibacterial activity; however, Bacillus cereus was more resistant and Staphylococcus aureus was more sensitive to the extracts evaluated in comparison with the other bacteria strains used in the test. Algarrobo blanco extracts with 50:50 v/v ethanol: water inhibited the Staphylococcus spp. growth. Therefore, Algarrobo blanco, Tusca and Mistol leaf extracts could be used as potential natural preservatives for fresh products.Fil: Ruiz, Silvana Cecilia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Santiago del Estero; ArgentinaFil: Nediani, Teresa. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustria; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Mariana. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero; ArgentinaFil: Zimerman, Maria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto De Investigación Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; Argentina.Fil: Martínez, Sandra Luz. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustria; ArgentinaFil: Martínez, Sandra Luz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Trace elements contamination in an abandoned mining site in a semiarid zone

The distribution of trace elements throughout mining areas is an important issue because abandoned tailings can be a major source of environmental pollution. The aim of this study was to identify the trace element content, hydric dispersion ways and its reception areas in selected zones of the abandoned mining district of Sierra Minera Cartagena-La Unión. The results obtained allowed to establish points affected by primary, secondary and tertiary contamination, according to their proximity to contamination sources, as a function of its chemical and mineralogical composition. Applied GIS methodology allowed visualisation and confirmation of established conceptual model

Introduction to The Governance of Labour Administration

This chapter sets out the key themes addressed in the book. It examines the meaning and scope of labour administration and establishes the importance of effective labour administration to the achievement of the United Nation's (UN) Sustainable Development Goals. The chapter also engages with the UN's principles of effective governance for sustainable development' and discusses the implications of the three key pillars of governance - effectiveness, inclusiveness and accountability - for national systems of labour administration. The chapter discusses long-standing and more recent challenges facing national labour administration systems, including the rise in non-standard employment and the COVID-19 pandemic, and emphasises the importance of effective governance in addressing these challenges

Weathering processes in waste materials from a mining area in a semiarid zone

Chemical and mineralogical characterization of waste materials present in an abandoned Pb, Zn–Ag mining site (SE, Spain) was carried out. In unaltered rocks, the mineralogy is characterized by plagioclase, pyroxene, magnetite, ilmenite, amphibole, biotite and quartz. Trace-element contents of these samples represent unaltered values. In mine-waste materials, pH ranged from acidic to slightly acidic and trace-element content was generally high, especially for Pb and Zn, although there were also substantial As concentrations. X-ray diffraction results suggested that these samples have a complex mineralogy, including alteration products. Surficial materials in the study area were affected by weathering processes, generating supergene assemblages, including Fe and Mn oxides and hydroxides, carbonates, hydrated sulfates and jarosite. Knowledge of the geochemical processes that took place in the past and whichare still taking place provide an important tool for assessing associated environmental problems in this area