103 research outputs found
Spatial distribution and sampling of Corythucha ciliata (Hemiptera: Tingidae) in London plane trees
Taylorâs power law and Iwaoâs patchiness regression were used to describe the dispersion patterns for overwintering and wandering stages of Corythucha ciliata on the London plane trees, Platanus x acerifolia (Ait.) Willd. Both Taylorâs and Iwaoâs tests fit the distribution data for the overwintering stage. The overwintering adults were spatially aggregated. In the wandering stage, Taylorâs power law consistently fit the data, whereas the fit of Iwaoâs patchiness regression was erratic. Both Iwaoâs and Taylorâs indices indicated a clumped distribution pattern for eggs, nymphs, and wandering adults. Trunk was identified as the best sampling target for the overwintering stage whereas twig was the best for the wandering stage. In order to determine the sample size for evaluating whether the population has reached the control threshold, the sampling of 35 and 7 trunks for the overwintering stage and 32 and 8 twigs per tree for the wandering stage would provide 0.5- and 0.25-precision levels, respectively
TripleNet: A Low Computing Power Platform of Low-Parameter Network
With the excellent performance of deep learning technology in the field of
computer vision, convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture has become the
main backbone of computer vision task technology. With the widespread use of
mobile devices, neural network models based on platforms with low computing
power are gradually being paid attention. This paper proposes a lightweight
convolutional neural network model, TripleNet, an improved convolutional neural
network based on HarDNet and ThreshNet, inheriting the advantages of small
memory usage and low power consumption of the mentioned two models. TripleNet
uses three different convolutional layers combined into a new model
architecture, which has less number of parameters than that of HarDNet and
ThreshNet. CIFAR-10 and SVHN datasets were used for image classification by
employing HarDNet, ThreshNet, and our proposed TripleNet for verification.
Experimental results show that, compared with HarDNet, TripleNet's parameters
are reduced by 66% and its accuracy rate is increased by 18%; compared with
ThreshNet, TripleNet's parameters are reduced by 37% and its accuracy rate is
increased by 5%.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Three-stage binarization of color document images based on discrete wavelet transform and generative adversarial networks
The efficient segmentation of foreground text information from the background
in degraded color document images is a hot research topic. Due to the imperfect
preservation of ancient documents over a long period of time, various types of
degradation, including staining, yellowing, and ink seepage, have seriously
affected the results of image binarization. In this paper, a three-stage method
is proposed for image enhancement and binarization of degraded color document
images by using discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and generative adversarial
network (GAN). In Stage-1, we use DWT and retain the LL subband images to
achieve the image enhancement. In Stage-2, the original input image is split
into four (Red, Green, Blue and Gray) single-channel images, each of which
trains the independent adversarial networks. The trained adversarial network
models are used to extract the color foreground information from the images. In
Stage-3, in order to combine global and local features, the output image from
Stage-2 and the original input image are used to train the independent
adversarial networks for document binarization. The experimental results
demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms many classical and
state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods on the Document Image Binarization Contest
(DIBCO) dataset. We release our implementation code at
https://github.com/abcpp12383/ThreeStageBinarization
Expressions and clinical significances of CD133 protein and CD133 mRNA in primary lesion of gastric adenocacinoma
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>To study on expressions and clinical significances of CD133 protein and CD133 mRNA in primary lesion of gastric adenocarcinoma (GC).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Expressions of CD133 protein by immunostaining (99 cases) and CD133 mRNA by semi-quantitative RT-PCR (31 cases) were detected in primary lesion and in noncancerous gastric mucosa tissue (NCGT). Correlations of CD133 protein expression with clinicopathological parameters and post-operative survival were analyzed. Relations of CD133 mRNA level with Ki-67 labeling index (LI), and lymphatic metastasis were assessed too.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Brown particles indicating CD133 protein positivity occurred in some parts of tumor cells and epithelium. Expressive percentage of CD133 protein positivity was significantly higher in subgroups with >5 cm diameter (<it>P </it>= 0.041), later TNM stage (<it>P </it>= 0.044), severer lymph node metastasis (<it>P </it>= 0.017), occurrences of lymphatic invasion (<it>P </it>= 0.000) and vascular invasion (<it>P </it>= 0.000) respectively. Severer invasion depth (<it>P </it>= 0.011), lymph node metastasis occurrence (<it>P </it>= 0.043) and later TNM stage (<it>P </it>= 0.049) were the independent risk factors for CD133 protein expression. Average brightness scale value (BSV) of CD133 mRNA was significantly higher in subgroups with >5 cm diameter (<it>P </it>= 0.041), lymph node metastasis occurrence (<it>P </it>= 0.004) and in lower Ki-67 LI (<it>P </it>= 0.02). Relative analysis revealed that BSV of CD133 mRNA related positively to metastatic lymphatic nodes ratio (<it>P </it>= 0.008) and metastatic lymph node number (<it>P </it>= 0.009), but negatively to Ki-67 LI (<it>P </it>= 0.009). Survival of positive subgroup of CD 133 protein was significantly poorer (<it>P </it>= 0.047). Lymph node metastasis occurrence (<it>P </it>= 0.042), later TNM stage (<it>P </it>= 0.046) and CD 133 protein positive expression (<it>P </it>= 0.046) were respectively the independent risk factors to survival.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Higher expressive level of CD133 mRNA is associated to lower Ki-67 LI and severer lymphatic metastasis. Therefore, the expressive level of CD133 mRNA can play an appropriate role to reflect the status of lymph node metastasis and proliferation of GC. CD133 protein expression is closely related with larger tumor, later TNM stage, lymphtic metastasis and survival of GC.</p
Increasing plant diversity with border crops reduces insecticide use and increases crop yield in urban agriculture
Berkovich Nanoindentation on AlN Thin Films
Berkovich nanoindentation-induced mechanical deformation mechanisms of AlN thin films have been investigated by using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM) techniques. AlN thin films are deposited on the metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition (MOCVD) derived Si-doped (2 Ă 1017 cmâ3) GaN template by using the helicon sputtering system. The XTEM samples were prepared by means of focused ion beam (FIB) milling to accurately position the cross-section of the nanoindented area. The hardness and Youngâs modulus of AlN thin films were measured by a Berkovich nanoindenter operated with the continuous contact stiffness measurements (CSM) option. The obtained values of the hardness and Youngâs modulus are 22 and 332 GPa, respectively. The XTEM images taken in the vicinity regions just underneath the indenter tip revealed that the multiple âpop-insâ observed in the loadâdisplacement curve during loading are due primarily to the activities of dislocation nucleation and propagation. The absence of discontinuities in the unloading segments of loadâdisplacement curve suggests that no pressure-induced phase transition was involved. Results obtained in this study may also have technological implications for estimating possible mechanical damages induced by the fabrication processes of making the AlN-based devices
Skin infectome of patients with a tick bite history
IntroductionTicks are the most important obligate blood-feeding vectors of human pathogens. With the advance of high-throughput sequencing, more and more bacterial community and virome in tick has been reported, which seems to pose a great threat to people.MethodsA total of 14 skin specimens collected from tick-bite patients with mild to severe symptoms were analyzed through meta-transcriptomic sequencings.ResultsFour bacteria genera were both detected in the skins and ticks, including Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Corynebacterium and Propionibacterium, and three tick-associated viruses, Jingmen tick virus (JMTV), Bole tick virus 4 (BLTV4) and Deer tick mononegavirales-like virus (DTMV) were identified in the skin samples. Except of known pathogens such as pathogenic rickettsia, Coxiella burnetii and JMTV, we suggest Roseomonas cervicalis and BLTV4 as potential new agents amplified in the skins and then disseminated into the blood. As early as 1 day after a tick-bite, these pathogens can transmit to skins and at most four ones can co-infect in skins.DiscussionAdvances in sequencing technologies have revealed that the diversity of tick microbiome and virome goes far beyond our previous understanding. This report not only identifies three new potential pathogens in humans but also shows that the skin barrier is vital in preventing horizontal transmissions of tick-associated bacteria or virus communities to the host. It is the first research on patientsâ skin infectome after a tick bite and demonstrates that more attention should be paid to the cutaneous response to prevent tick-borne illness
Pan-Cancer Analysis of lncRNA Regulation Supports Their Targeting of Cancer Genes in Each Tumor Context
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are commonly dys-regulated in tumors, but only a handful are known toplay pathophysiological roles in cancer. We inferredlncRNAs that dysregulate cancer pathways, onco-genes, and tumor suppressors (cancer genes) bymodeling their effects on the activity of transcriptionfactors, RNA-binding proteins, and microRNAs in5,185 TCGA tumors and 1,019 ENCODE assays.Our predictions included hundreds of candidateonco- and tumor-suppressor lncRNAs (cancerlncRNAs) whose somatic alterations account for thedysregulation of dozens of cancer genes and path-ways in each of 14 tumor contexts. To demonstrateproof of concept, we showed that perturbations tar-geting OIP5-AS1 (an inferred tumor suppressor) andTUG1 and WT1-AS (inferred onco-lncRNAs) dysre-gulated cancer genes and altered proliferation ofbreast and gynecologic cancer cells. Our analysis in-dicates that, although most lncRNAs are dysregu-lated in a tumor-specific manner, some, includingOIP5-AS1, TUG1, NEAT1, MEG3, and TSIX, synergis-tically dysregulate cancer pathways in multiple tumorcontexts
Genomic, Pathway Network, and Immunologic Features Distinguishing Squamous Carcinomas
This integrated, multiplatform PanCancer Atlas study co-mapped and identified distinguishing
molecular features of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) from five sites associated with smokin
The draft genome, transcriptome, and microbiome of Dermatophagoides farinae reveal a broad spectrum of dust mite allergens
© 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. Background A sequenced house dust mite (HDM) genome would advance our understanding of HDM allergens, a common cause of human allergies. Objective We sought to produce an annotated Dermatophagoides farinae draft genome and develop a combined genomic-transcriptomic-proteomic approach for elucidation of HDM allergens. Methods A D farinae draft genome and transcriptome were assembled with high-throughput sequencing, accommodating microbiome sequences. The allergen gene structures were validated by means of Sanger sequencing. The mite's microbiome composition was determined, and the predominant genus was validated immunohistochemically. The allergenicity of a ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase binding protein homologue was evaluated with immunoblotting, immunosorbent assays, and skin prick tests. Results The full gene structures of 20 canonical allergens and 7 noncanonical allergen homologues were produced. A novel major allergen, ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase binding protein-like protein, was found and designated Der f 24. All 40 sera samples from patients with mite allergy had IgE antibodies against rDer f 24. Of 10 patients tested, 5 had positive skin reactions. The predominant bacterial genus among 100 identified species was Enterobacter (63.4%). An intron was found in the 13.8-kDa D farinae bacteriolytic enzyme gene, indicating that it is of HDM origin. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed a phototransduction pathway in D farinae, as well as thiamine and amino acid synthesis pathways, which is suggestive of an endosymbiotic relationship between D farinae and its microbiome. Conclusion An HDM genome draft produced from genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic experiments revealed allergen genes and a diverse endosymbiotic microbiome, providing a tool for further identification and characterization of HDM allergens and development of diagnostics and immunotherapeutic vaccines.Link_to_subscribed_fulltex
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