Some Notes on the Pleistocene Geology of Shelby County, Iowa

Previous investigations in Pleistocene geology in Iowa have resulted in the development of the concepts of gumbotil and the flat gumbotil plains of the Nebraskan and Kansan drift sheets. During recent field work in southwestern Iowa the writer noted differences in textures of the materials of the weathered zones of these tills. Measurable differences in altitudes of the tops of these materials were also noted. Field evidence indicates that (1) the term gumbotil cannot be used to describe all types of weathered till, and (2) variations in relief exist on the surface of the weathered zones of the Nebraskan and Kansan drift sheets

The Iowan Terrace and Terrace Soils of the Nishnabotna Valley in Western Iowa

Smith and Riecken (1947) in their revision of the Iowan-drift border in northwestern Iowan, extended a sublobe of the Iowandrift southward to near Roselle and Halbur in Carroll County. During field studies in Carroll County in 1953, the margin of the Iowan-drift sublobe was found to extend as far southward as Manning and Templeton in Carroll County (Figure 1). The Iowan drift is delineated from the loess-mantled Kansan drift on the basis of four lines of evidence: (1) in topographic positions that preclude significant erosion on the Iowan-drift surface, calcareous loess overlies calcareous till. (2) In topographic positions that preclude significant erosion on the Kansan-drift surface, calcareous loess overlies a leached, buried soil in the uppermost part of the Kansan till. (3) An abrupt change in topography occurs at the margin of the Iowan-drift. (4) A discontinuity in loess thickness occurs at the margin of the Iowan-drift

Missouri River history, floodplain construction, and soil formation in southwestern Iowa

The Platte River has influenced the Missouri River below the mouth of the Platte by contributing sizable suspended and coarser-textured bed loads. Consequently, the Missouri River has been and is a braided stream in a reach about 43 miles long below the mouth of the Platte. In this reach the channel is wider, is less sinuous, has greater low-water slope profile, and contains numerous bars and islands. The Otoe Bend area, in this reach of the Missouri River near the southwestern corner of Iowa, has inherited these channel characteristics. By use of historic maps and aerial photographs, the lateral shifting of the river channel at Otoe Bend may be reconstructed. Adjustments of scale and geographic locations must be made to compare features of all maps and aerial photographs to the present landforms in the area. The older maps usually are not as accurate as present-day cartography with photogrammetric field control. Within the different levels of cartographic accuracy, however, correlation of landforms can be made by similarity of features or similarity of sequences of features

Iowan Drift Problem, Northeastern Iowa

https://ir.uiowa.edu/igs_ri/1006/thumbnail.jp

Use of the Morphology of Buried Soil Profiles in the Pleistocene of Iowa

Buried profiles of weathering have been recognized and utilized by many geologists in the determination and classification of Pleistocene deposits (1) * (2) (10) (20). In Iowa, Kay (5) used the term gumbotil for super drift clays. The gumbotil was found on tabular divides and other remnants of the Kansan drift plain, and was considered to be the result of weathering of glacial drift (8). Kay and Apfel (7) recognized gumbotil as a weathered product, but as something distinct from soil. For example, the Aftonian interglacial stage was stated by them as being represented in Iowa by wide-spread Nebraskan gumbotil, peat, mucks, old soils, weathered sands and gravels. In Illinois, Leighton and MacClintock (9) also identified buried profiles of weathering in stratigraphic sections. Ruhe (12) recognized variations in texture of weathered tills in Shelby County, Iowa, which were a reflection of drainage conditions due to differences in topography

Hyperuniversality of Fully Anisotropic Three-Dimensional Ising Model

For the fully anisotropic simple-cubic Ising lattice, the critical finite-size scaling amplitudes of both the spin-spin and energy-energy inverse correlation lengths and the singular part of the reduced free-energy density are calculated by the transfer-matrix method and a finite-size scaling for cyclic L x L x oo clusters with L=3 and 4. Analysis of the data obtained shows that the ratios and the directional geometric means of above amplitudes are universal.Comment: RevTeX 3.0, 24 pages, 2 figures upon request, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

The effect of surveillance and appreciative inquiry on puerperal infections : a longitudinal cohort study in India

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Altered postural sway in patients suffering from non-specific neck pain and whiplash associated disorder - A systematic review of the literature

To assess differences in center of pressure (COP) measures in patients suffering from non-specific neck pain (NSNP) or whiplash-associated disorder (WAD) compared to healthy controls and any relationship between changes in postural sway and the presence of pain, its intensity, previous pain duration and the perceived level of disability. Summary of Background data: Over the past 20 years, the center of pressure (COP) has been commonly used as an index of postural stability in standing. While several studies investigated COP excursions in neck pain and WAD patients and compared these to healthy individuals, no comprehensive analysis of the reported differences in postural sway pattern exists. Search methods: Six online databases were systematically searched followed by a manual search of the retrieved papers. Selection Criteria: Papers comparing COP measures derived from bipedal static task conditions on a force plate of non-specific neck pain and WAD sufferers to those of healthy controls. Data collection and analysis: Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts for relevance. Screening for final inclusion, data extraction and quality assessment were carried out with a third reviewer to reconcile differences

Search based software engineering: Trends, techniques and applications

© ACM, 2012. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of ACM for your personal use. Not for redistribution. The definitive version is available from the link below.In the past five years there has been a dramatic increase in work on Search-Based Software Engineering (SBSE), an approach to Software Engineering (SE) in which Search-Based Optimization (SBO) algorithms are used to address problems in SE. SBSE has been applied to problems throughout the SE lifecycle, from requirements and project planning to maintenance and reengineering. The approach is attractive because it offers a suite of adaptive automated and semiautomated solutions in situations typified by large complex problem spaces with multiple competing and conflicting objectives. This article provides a review and classification of literature on SBSE. The work identifies research trends and relationships between the techniques applied and the applications to which they have been applied and highlights gaps in the literature and avenues for further research.EPSRC and E